XX century called the Company Apple century of

XX century called the Company Apple century of aviation and astronautics. But the 70 s of last century can also be called the epoch of formation of modern IT-industry. And not the last role is played by Apple.

Apple Company Apple began thirty years ago when two friends, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak decided to found his own company to manufacture and produce computers. Officially, Apple was founded April 1, 1976, and that's when the market has collected manually Computer Apple Computer I - during ten months were collected and sold 175 shares at a price of 666. 66 dollars. In fact, Apple I was a motherboard without a casing, keyboard, sound, and graphics.

In February 1977 the president of Apple is Michael Scott. An important step forward was the release in April this year, Apple Computer II - the first personal computer with color graphics. There was support for display of different colors, the team designed to work with sound and, therefore, had a built-in speaker and keyboard, it is possible rapid change of the display, was the power supply, etc. All this "filling" was packaged in a specially designed molded plastic housing, which is very favorable contrast to other new Apple computers, had kind of clunky boxes of sheet metal. Then came now known around the world logo - a colorful bitten apple - was created by advertising agency Regis Mc. Kenna.

In May 1979, an Apple employee Jef Raskin started working on a new computer "all in one", which was designed for the average user. It was during this period and can be called the beginning of birth of the first Macintosh.

In 1983, Apple released the Lisa - the first personal computer with a graphical user interface, named after the daughter of Steve Jobs. But because of the relatively high price and limited set of applications, this model is not widespread. Although from a commercial point of view, Lisa was a complete failure, however, its release has not passed in vain - the operating system used here Lisa 7/7 had a window interface, a buffer that allows data transfer between applications and much more. Самый первый свой Macintosh компания Apple официально представила 22 января 1984 года рекламным роликом « 1984» , основанным на сюжете книги Д. Оруэлла. Этот клип был назван рекламным клипом десятилетия, получил гран-при в Каннах и по сей день считается в истории рекламы одним из самых оригинальных. Это событие стало значимой вехой в истории персональных компьютеров. С появлением Macintosh в корне изменилось представление людей о компьютерах, и были заложены те основы, которые в дальнейшем стали использовать все компьютерные фирмы. В сентябре этого же года Apple начинает продавать компьютеры Macintosh 512 K по цене 2495 долларов.

Years passed, and, of course, that the computer industry, too, did not stand still. During the entire time the Macintosh was developed to improve their operating system and Mac OS (System), that is, expanded opportunities, changed some of its elements, and introduced new technologies. When the Mac OS was first introduced in 1984, for the time it represents the perfection of modern programming. The system was designed from the outset with the expectation that any user, without having the necessary qualifications for the first time sitting at a computer, he could immediately after a few minutes to start working on it, without going into technical parameters. Operating systems for other platforms, which appeared a few years later, offering things such as protected memory and multitasking, which ultimately gave the best user experience. Apple does not embed these things in Mac OS because microprocessors that were available during the development of Mac OS, were not powerful enough. But over time, Mac OS snowballed additional functionality, and thus remained the most easy to learn and use. Convenience and simplicity of the pro ¬ in this system was one of the main goals of its founders, and the internal logic of the interaction of individual parts of the operating system was first subject to these requirements.

Когда перед Apple встал вопрос о разработке операционной системы нового поколения, то, взвесив все «за» и «против» компания в качестве основы для новой Mac OS решила воспользоваться разработками фирмы Ne. XT, которая использовала операционные системы под общим названием UNIX. Именно система Open. Step (Ne. XTStep) стала основой для построения новой Mac OS. Разработчикам новой Mac OS надо было обеспечить плавный переход от старой системы к новой так, чтобы пользователи могли по-прежнему работать с большим количеством уже имеющихся программ, пока не будут созданы более мощные и удобные. Так появилась новая система Mac OS X.