Xen Server Storage Integration Deep Dive Agenda

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Xen. Server Storage Integration Deep Dive

Citrix Xen. Server & Essentials 5. 5 Family NEW Stage Management Lab Management Platinum Edition Provisioning Services (p+v) Essentials Provisioning Services (virtual) Workload Balancing Enterprise Edition Storage. Link. TM NEW High Availability Performance Monitoring Workflow Studio Orchestration Live Migration (Xen. Motion) 64 bit, Windows, Linux Workloads Xen. Server Free Edition Active Directory Integration Generic Storage Snapshotting NEW Xen. Center Management Shared Storage (i. SCSI, FC, NFS) No socket restriction © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 3

Xen. Server 5. 5 Storage Architecture

Storage Technologies Storage Repository . VHD file LVM Logical Volume Storage Repository LUN Filesystem Xen. Server 5. 5 i. SCSI / FC Xen. Server 5. 0 / 5. 5 NFS / EXT 3 LVM Logical Volume LVM Volume Group VHD header LVM Logical Volume LVM Volume Group VM virtual disk © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 6

LVM Xen. Server 5. 5 (LVHD) • Replaces LVM for SRs • Hosts VHD files directly on LVM volumes • Best of both worlds • Features of VHD • Performance of LVM • Adds Advanced Storage features • Fast Cloning • Snapshots • Fast and simple upgrade • Backwards compatible © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 7

Multipathing

Why using Multipathing? • Path redundancy to storage • Performance increase by load sharing algorithms • Many fibre channel environments by default have multiple paths LUN 1 FC HBA 1 Storage controller 1 LUN 1 FC HBA 2 LUN 1 FC Switches Xen. Server © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved Storage controller 2 LUN 1 Storage Subsystem 11

Enabling Multipathing • xe host-param-set otherconfig: multipathing=true uuid=host_uuid • xe host-param-set other- config: multipathhandle=dmp uuid=host_uuid • Note: Do not enable multipathing by other ways (e. g. CLI)!!! © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 12

Xen. Server supports 2 multipathing technologies Device Mapper Multipathing (DMP) RDAC MPP (mpp. Vhba) Default yes no Xen. Server version >= 5. 0 4. 1 CLI >= 5. 0 Update 2 Management by Xen. Center yes no Support wide storage range only LSI controller based storage Driver / Daemon multipathd mpp. Vhba driver CLI path check multipath –ll mpputil Configuration /etc/multipath-enabled. conf /etc/mpp. conf (requires execution of /opt/xensource/bin/update-initrd) See details: http: //support. citrix. com/article/ctx 118791 © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 13

DMP vs RDAC MPP • Check if RDAC MPP is running • lsmod | grep mpp. Vhba • „multipath –ll“ would show MD device as output (if DMP is active) • Use only 1 technology • When RDAP MPP is running use it • Otherwise use DMP © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 14

MPP RDAC: Path check • mpputil Lun #0 - WWN: 600 a 0 b 80001 fdf 0800001 d 9 c 49 b 0 caa 1 --------Lun. Object: present Dev. State: OPTIMAL Controller 'A' Path ----------Path #1: Lun. Path. Device: Dev. State: Path #2: Lun. Path. Device: Dev. State: Controller 'B' Path ----------Path #1: Lun. Path. Device: Dev. State: Path #2: Lun. Path. Device: Dev. State: © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved present OPTIMAL 15

Multipathing & Software i. SCSI

i. SCSI with Software Initiator • IP addressing to be done by Xen. Server Dom-0 • Multipathing also to be done by Xen. Server Dom-0 • Dom-0 IP configuration is essential Storage LAN Ctrl 1 Xen. Server Dom-0 LUN 1 IP IP LUN 1 NIC 1 LUN 1 Xen. Server Switches © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved Storage Subsystem 18

Best practice configuration: i. SCSI storage with multipathing Subnet: 255. 0 • Separation of subnets also on IP base Subnet 1 Port 1 IP: 192. 168. 1. 201 NIC 1 IP: 192. 168. 1. 10 NIC 2 IP: 192. 168. 2. 10 Port 2 IP: 192. 168. 2. 201 Port 1 IP: 192. 168. 1. 202 Port 2 IP: 192. 168. 2. 202 Xen. Server Subnet 2 © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved FC Switches Storage LAN Adapter 1 Storage LAN Adapter 2 LUN 1 Storage Subsystem 19

Not recommended configurations for multipathing and i. SCSI: Both server NICs in same subnet Mixing of NIC teaming and multipathing Subnet 1 NIC 1 IP: 192. 168. 1. 10 NIC 1 NIC 2 IP: 192. 168. 1. 11 Team IP: 192. 168. 1. 10 NIC 2 Xen. Server © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 20

Multipathing with Software Initiator Xen. Server 5 • Xen. Server 5 supports Multipathing with i. SCSI software initiator • Prerequisites are: • i. SCSI target uses same IQN on all ports • i. SCSI target ports operate in portal mode • Multipathing reliability has been enhanced massively in Xen. Server 5. 5 © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 21

How to check if i. SCSI target operates in portal mode? • Execute iscsiadm -m discovery --type sendtargets --portal • Output must show alls IPs of the target ports with identical IQN • Example: 192. 168. 0. 161: 3260, 1 iqn. strawberry: litchie 192. 168. 0. 204: 3260, 2 iqn. strawberry: litchie • When connecting to i. SCSI target using Xen. Center Storage Repository Wizard, also all target IPs should show up after Discovery © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 22

Net. App Integration

Net. App Storage • Net. App Storage supports Multipathing • For configuring Net. App storage and modification of multipath. conf see whitepaper http: //support. citrix. com/article/CTX 118842 • Net. App typically supports portal mode for i. SCSI multipathing for i. SCSI SW Initiator is supported • Especially for low-end Net. App storage (e. g. FAS 2020) with limited LAN adapters special considerations take place © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 24

Net. App low-end storage (i. SCSI) • Often limited by NIC configuration • Example: 2 NICs per head • 1 aggregate / LUN is represented by 1 head at a time (other head for fault tolerance) • Thus: 2 NICs effectively can be used for storage connection • Typically Filer delivers non-block-based protocols (e. g. CIFS) which also require redundancy as well as block based protocols (e. g. i. SCSI) © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 25

Example FAS 2020: Scenario 1 no network reduncancy for i. SCSI and CIFS separation of networks CIFS Network Controller 0 (active) NIC 0 NIC 1 Controller 1 NIC 0 (fault tolerance) NIC 0 NIC 1 i. SCSI Network © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 26

Example FAS 2020: Scenario 2 network redundancy for i. SCSI and CIFS no separation of networks CIFS & i. SCSI Network Controller 0 (active) NIC 0 vif / NIC 1 bond NIC Bond Controller 1 NIC 0 (fault tolerance) NIC 0 vif / NIC 1 bond NIC 1 © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 27

Example FAS 2020: Scenario 3 network redundancy for i. SCSI (multipathing) and CIFS separation of networks NIC Bond NIC 0 NIC 1 CIFS VLAN i. SCSI VLAN CIFS VLAN Ctrl 1 i. SCSI VLAN (active) NIC 0 Vif / NIC 1 bond Multipathing Controller 1 NIC 2 (fault tolerance) Same configuration NIC 3 © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 28

Dell / Equalogic Integration

Dell Equalogic Support • Xen. Server 5. 5 includes Adapter (min. firmware 4. 0. 1 required) • Redundant path configuration does not depend on using adapter or not • All PS series are supported as running same OS • Storage. Link Gateway support planned © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 30

Dell / Equalogic • See whitepaper for Dell / Equalogic storage http: //support. citrix. com/article/CTX 118841 • Each Equalogic has two controllers • Only 1 controller is active • Uses „Group ID“ address on storage side (similar to bonding / teaming on server side) • Only connection over group ID, no direct connection to the i. SCSI ports possible • Therefore multipathing cannot be used bonding on Xen. Server side © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 31

Datacore Integration

Multipathing architecture with Datacore Subnet: 255. 0 • Different IQNs for targets – no portal mode possible!! Subnet 1 Port 1 IP: 192. 168. 1. 201 NIC 1 IP: 192. 168. 1. 10 NIC 2 IP: 192. 168. 2. 10 IQN 1 IQN 2 Port 2 IP: 192. 168. 2. 202 Xen. Server Subnet 2 © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved Storage Controller 1 Storage Controller 2 LUN 1 Switches 33

Datacore hints • Special attention for software i. SCSI • Follow Datacore technical bulletin: TB 15 ftp: //support. datacore. com/psp/tech_bulletins/Tech Bulletins. All/TB 15 b_Citrix%20 Xen. Server_config_50 1. pdf • Datacore in VM • O. k. when not using HA • Configuration possible, but take care about booting the whole environment • Take care when updating Xen. Server © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 34

Storage. Link

Citrix Storage. Link Overview (Xen. Server) Data Path Xen. Server Control Path Guest i. SCSI / F C SAN Storage Cloud Snap-in for Xen. Server Storage. Link © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 37

Leveraging the best of virtualization and storage Storage vendor functionalities Storage. Link as basis for Citrix Essentials © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved • • • Quick provisioning Snapshots Quick cloning Thin-provisioning Deduplication Backup and Restore capabilities 38

Storage. Link Overview Xen. Server Netapp Equal. Logic DOM 0 Hyper-V VSM Bridge Parent Partition Xen. Server VDS Hyper-V Data Path Virtual Storage Manager Control Path SAN/NAS © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 39

Storage. Link Gateway Overview SMI-S is the preferred method of integration as it requires no custom development work Xen. Server Dell Vendor-specific VSM Storage Adapters run in separate processes © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 40

Storage Technologies Xen. Server 5. 5 i. SCSI / FC Storage Repository + Storage Repository LUN VHD header LVM Logical Volume LUN LVM Volume Group VM virtual disk © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 41

Snapshot types Xen. Server (free) Snapshot type Essentials Enterprise Software based snapshot Hardware based snapshot (also software based snapshot possible when not using Storage. Link) LUN access model LVM (1 LUN=x times VDI) LUN-per-VDI (1 LUN = 1 VDI) Good Superior Utilization On Xen. Server host On storage subsystem Overhead Low lowest Performance © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved 43

Essentials: Example usage scenario Effective creation of VMs from template VM clone 1 x VM VM clone 3 x 1. Copy of LUN 2. Modification of Zoning 3. Creation of VM 4. Assignment of LUN to VM Template 4. Assignment of LUN to VM 1. Copy of LUN 2. Modification of Zoning 3. Creation of VM 4. Assignment of LUN to VM LUN © 2009 Citrix Systems, Inc. — All rights reserved Effectiveness: • Fast-Cloning using Storage Snapshots • Fully automated storage and SAN configuration • for FC and i. SCSI 45