www judaica-europeana eu Dov Winer European Association for

www. judaica-europeana. eu Dov Winer European Association for Jewish Culture The 8 th Jerusalem EVA/Minerva International Conference on Digitisation of Culture

Jewish participation in urban life in Europe Jewish cultural expressions in European cities can be documented through objects dispersed in many collections: documents, books, manuscripts, periodicals, photographs, works of art, religious artefacts, postcards, posters, audiorecordings and films, as well as buildings and cemeteries. History of the Jews by Heinrich Graetz, Leipzig 1864. Copper engraving of Moses Mendelssohn by A. and TH. Weger. Judaica Collection, Goethe University Library

* * YIVO: The Power of Persuasion, Jewish Posters from Prewar Poland 1900 -1939 http: //www. yivoinstitute. org/exhibits/posterfr. htm

Jews and the City Prof. Steven Zipperstein points to the anti-urban bias of most of the Jewish historiography and how this began to change at the end of the 20 th century. S. Zipperstein (1987), Jewish Historiography and the Modern City. Jewish History vol 2, pp 77 -88 “Modernization is about everyone becoming urban, mobile, literate, articulate, intellectually intricate, physically fastidious, and occupationally flexible. It is about learning how to cultivate people and symbols, not fields and herds. It is about pursuing wealth for the sake of learning, learning for the sake of wealth, and both wealth and learning for their own sake. It is about transforming peasants and princes into merchants and priests, replacing inherited privilege with acquired prestige, and dismantling social estates for the benefit of individuals, nuclear families, and book-reading tribes (nations). Modernization, in other words, is about everyone becoming Jewish. ” Yuri Slezkine, The Jewish Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. For the first chapter: http: //press. princeton. edu/chapters/s 7819. html

~5, 000, 000 digital objects

The Judaica Europeana project The facts • Co-funded by the e. Content. Plus program of the European Commission: initial budget framework of 3 Million Euro (~ 4 Million USD) • First stage 2010 -2012: • Second stage 2012 -14: continuity through a Memorandum of Understanding between partners and participation in DM 2 E – a 3 -year Digital Humanities Europeana project to begin in 2012. The program • Digitisation and aggregation of Jewish content for Europeana: 5 million objects • Coordination of standards across institutions in order to synchronise the metadata with the requirements of Europeana. • Deployment of knowledge management tools: vocabularies, thesauri and ontologies for the indexing, retrieval and re-use of the aggregated content. • Dissemination activities to stimulate the use of digitised content in academic research; university based teaching; schools; museums and virtual exhibitions; conferences; cultural tourism; the arts and multimedia.

Milestones on the way to Judaica Europeana developing Jewish networking infrastructures JAFI – Ministry of Science & Culture - NLI EC projects: Minerva. Plus | CALIMERA | MOSAICA MICHAEL | ATHENA | LINKED HERITAGE The future of Jewish Heritage in Europe: an International Conference – Prague 24 -27 April 2004 JAFI | Mi. BAC | MLA Council UK | EAJC | EPOCH/ Univ Firenze | Ha. Nadiv Foundation | European Day of Jewish Culture: ECJC, Bnai Brith, Juderias de Espana Consultation on Digitisation of the Jewish Cultural Heritage 10 December 2004 at the EC in Brussels Cultural Diversity in Europe: a focus for the consultation

The growing network 24 institutions in 16 cities: museums, libraries and archives Partners • European Association of Jewish Culture, • • • London Judaica Sammlung der Universitätsbibliothek der Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main Alliance Israélite Universelle, Paris Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activity (Mi. BAC), Rome Amitié, Centre for Research and Innovation, Bologna British Library, London Hungarian Jewish Archives, Budapest Jewish Historical Institute, Warsaw Jewish Museum of Greece, Athens Jewish Museum London National Technical University, Athens Associate Partners • Center Jewish History, New York • National Library of Israel, Jerusalem • Ministerio de Cultura, Madrid • Bibliotheca Rosenthaliana, Amsterdam • Jewish Historical Museum, Amsterdam • Jewish Museum Berlin • Jewish Museum, Frankfurt/Main • Leopold Zunz Centrum, Halle-Wittenberg • Lorand Collection, Augsburg University • Paris Yiddish Center—Medem Library • Sephardi Museum, Toledo • Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem • Salomon Ludwig Steinheim Institute, Duisberg • Ben Uri Gallery – The London Jewish Museum of Art

Extending the network The following expressed an interest in joining Judaica Europeana: • • • Aberdeen University Library Widener Library, Harvard University Jewish Community Library and Archives, Venice London Metropolitan Archive Mantua City Archives Jewish Museum, Florence Jewish Museum, Prague Jewish Museum, Vienna Jewish Museum, Trieste Magnes Collection of Jewish Art and Life, University of California, Berkley Royal Library of Denmark Travelling trunk brought by a German refugee family to England in May 1939, Mädler Koffer, c. 1930, Germany. Jewish Museum London

Judaica Europeana Virtual Exhibitions

Virtual Exhibitions

Virtual Exhibitions http: //exhibitions. europeana. eu/exhibits/show/yiddish-theatre-en http: //exhibitions. europeana. eu/exhibits/show/dada-to-surrealism-en

Virtual Exhibitions http: //www. culturaitalia. it/pico/speciali/stella_di_david_e_tricolore/index. html

Judaica Europeana and digital humanities

Judaica Europeana – digital humanities events http: //www. judaica-europeana. eu/events. html • 30 July 2010, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus at the EAJS Congress The Judaica Europeana Digital Humanities Workshop sponsored by COST Action 32 Open Scholarly Communities on the Web • 7 October 2010, National Library of Israel and COST Interedition Workshop: Judaica Europeana and Interedition: Tools and methodologies used in the field of digital scholarly editing and research. • 6 -10 July 2011, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main Summer School for Ph. D Students in Modern European Jewish History and German Jewish Studies The Judaica Europeana Workshop on digitized primary resources for Jewish studies led by Rachel Heuberger • 11 August 2011, National Library of Israel, Jerusalem Semantic Media. Wiki and the Haskala Project: Building a modern Jewish Republic of Letters in the 18 th and 19 th Century using the Semantic Web The National Library of Israel and Judaica Europeana workshop • 26 September 2011, King’s College London Workshop on Semantic Media. Wiki: a tool for collaborative databases Judaica Europeana Haskala Database with Yaron Koren • 31 October 2011, British Library, London Workshop on Judaica Europeana and Digital Humanities at the British Library

Processing source data in the Humanities: aggregation From Gradmann (2008) http: //www. slideshare. net/gradmans/europeana-semantica

… modeling … From Gradmann (2008) http: //www. slideshare. net/gradmans/europeana-semantica

… and digital heuristics? From Gradmann (2008) http: //www. slideshare. net/gradmans/europeana-semantica

Supporting a Community of Knowledge Jewish Enlightenment (HASKALA): The Republic of Letters Project Prof. Shmuel Feiner, Bar Ilan University Prof. Zohar Shavit, University of Tel Aviv Prof. Christoph Schulte, University of Potsdam • Investigated the secularization of the traditional book culture • Established a detailed database about a thousand books from the end of the 18 th and early 19 th century • Texts in Hebrew, German. Database in SQL with a Visual Basic interface supporting some 147 pre-defined queries

Supporting a Community of Knowledge Development phases: • Tools developed in the cluster of COST A 32 Open Scholarly communities in the Web – Michele Barbera and Christian Barbidoni as main developers http: //www. muruca. org http: //www. netseven. it • Linked Data: Exposing your metadata on the Web – presentation by Prof. Philippe Laublet and Milan Stankovic of STIH – University of Paris-Sorbonne, February 2011) http: //www. judaica-europeana. eu/Downloads/Linked_data_20110207 -05. pdf • Yaron Koren, Wiki. Works one of the main developers of the Semantic Media Wiki http: //wikiworks. com http: //semantic-mediawiki. org

Judaica Europeana pilot project at the University of Frankfurt with support by Wiki. Works, Yaron Koren • • Conversion of the Haskala database to CVS Importing it as RDF in the Semantic Media Wiki Metadata enrichment Include the digitised versions of the books (Frankfurt University, National Library of Israel) • Substitute SKOS formatted controlled vocabularies for the present textual strings (e. g. VIAF for names, Geo. Names for locations etc) • Design of the new work environment of the Haskala research group • Publication of selections of the database in Europeana/LOD

Supporting a Community of Knowledge: Functionalities • Improved data structure In place of categories for structuring data, simple queries will reduce the need for a complex classification system. Semantic templates enable the storage of semantic markup, the wiki will further develop its solid data structure. • Searching information Individual users can search for specific information by creating their own queries reducing the dependences of the researchers on the developers. • Automatically-generated lists • Visual display of information The various display formats defined by additional extensions, such as Semantic Result Formats and Semantic Maps, allow for displaying of information in calendars, timelines, graphs and maps, • Inter-language consistency • External reuse Data, once it is created in an SMW wiki, does not have to remain within the wiki; it can easily be exported via formats like CSV, JSON and RDF. This enables an SMW wiki to serve as a data source for other applications • Integrate and mash-up data Supported by extensions such as the Data Import, Data Transfer and External Data extensions.

Judaica Europeana and DM 2 E will participate from February 2012 in the project DM 2 E Digital Manuscripts for Europeana

www. judaica-europeana. eu Thank you for your attention Dov Winer Judaica Europeana Scientific Manager European Association for Jewish Culture dov. winer@gmail. com

Europeana and DPLA Digital Public Library of America

Europeana Europe’s digital libraries, archives and museums online • A showcase for Europe’s cultural and scientific heritage • A flagship project of the European Commission and the European Parliament.

The Europeana universe Judaica Europeana MIMO Museum A Archive A Library A BHL Carrare Library X Archive X Europeana Connect ECLAP Film Archive X Museum X HOPE Culture. fr National Digital Library Cultura. Italia BAM CIMEC etc…… EURO-Photo Film Archive 2 EFG ACE Europeana. Local Film Archive 3 Natural Europe ICOM Europe EDL APEnet Europeana Regia STERNA Film Archive 1 Museum 2 ATHENA CENL The European Library Museum 1 IMPACT MICHAEL NL 1 NL 2 NL 3 Europeana Travel IASA Eurbica Video. Active FIAT Sound Archive 1 Sound Archive n Presto. Prime Television Archive 1 Television Archive n National Archive 1 National Archive 2 National Archive 3 Trebleclef EUScreen

Aggregator structure

Europeana architecture Slide taken from the presentation by Cesare Concordia, ISTI/CNR at the LIDA 2009 Workshop

A changing landscape è Trends

è Customer needs è Economic climate è Political factors

EDM Europeana Data Model Guus Schreiber with input from Carlo Meghini, Antoine Isaac, Stefan Gradmann, Makx Dekkers et al. from Europeana V 1

The essence of RDF: the “triple” subject property value Source: “The thirty minute guide to RDF and Linked Data”, by Ian Davis and Tom Heath

Linked Open Datasets on the Web: 10/2011 Over 31. 7 billion RDF triples http: //www. linkeddata. org http: //esw. w 3. org/Data. Set. RDFDump http: //esw. w 3. org/Task. Forces/Community. Projects/ Linking. Open. Data/Data. Sets/Statistics Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http: //lod-cloud. net/

Europeana Data Model 1. Distinction between “provided object” (painting, book, program) and digital representation 2. Distinction between object and metadata record describing an object 3. Allows for multiple records for the same object, containing potentially contradictory statements about an object 4. Support for objects that are composed of other objects 5. Standard metadata format that can be specialized 6. Standard vocabulary format that can be specialized 7. EDM should be based on existing standards “not yet another standard” !

EDM basics • OAI ORE for organization of metadata about an object requirements 1 -4 • Dublin Core for metadata representation requirement 5 • SKOS for vocabulary representation requirement 6 • OAI ORE, Dublin Core and SKOS together fulfil requirement 7

Tagging content with controlled vocabularies: Irish vocabulary on Vikings

Tagging content with controlled vocabularies: Norwegian vocabulary on Vikings

Mapped vocabularies – semantic graphs