Скачать презентацию Writing part BEC中级 写作句型集锦 1 信件的开头
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Скачать презентацию Writing part BEC中级 写作句型集锦 1 信件的开头
Скачать презентацию Writing part BEC中级 写作句型集锦 1 信件的开头
Writing part
BEC中级 写作句型集锦 • 1. 信件的开头： We are writing to enquire about… We are writing in connection with… We are interested in … and we would like to know…
Practices • 1. You want to know the prices of some air conditioners. • 2. You saw an advertisement in the newspaper yesterday and you want further information. • 3. You want to know if the company you are writing to organizes holidays to Africa.
2. 回信的开头： Thank you for your asking if … letter of (date) enquiring about … enclosing … We have received concerning … your letter of (date)
Practices • 1. A company wrote to you on 23 July. They wanted to know if you sell photocopiers. • 2. A man wrote to you on 18 December. He wanted employment with your company. He also sent his curriculum vitae. • 3. A company sent you a fax on 3 June. They wanted to know if you were going to the marketing conference in London. • 4. A woman telephoned you this morning. She wanted to know if her order No. 599 had arrived.
3. 信件的结尾： • 一般结尾： • I look forward to receiving your reply/ order/ products/ ect. • Looking forward to hearing from you. • • 如果你在信件中提供了信息： I hope that this information will help you. Please contact me if you need any further information. Please feel free to contact me if you have any further questions. • Please let me know if you need any further information.
4. 引入主题句： • • • With reference to … Further to … With regard to …（一般不用做信头） I am writing in connection with … Following
Practices: How would you start a letter about each of the following? • 1. An invoice (No. 679) for a photocopier—in bad order when the goods arrives • 2. A meeting you had with the addressee on Jan. 16 th— give a special offer • 3. an advertisement in The Times (《泰晤士报》) newspaper • 4. An application for a post as secretary in your company • 5. A fax order for six computers that you received today —out of stock
5. 告知好、坏消息： • Good news： I am pleased delighted happy to • Bad news: I regret to am sorry We regret that … tell inform advise you that …
Practices • a. _________ your order for some cupboards, _____we have had to increase the price. • b. ______your application for a post as secretary， ________ that we would like you to start work as soon as possible. • c. ______ your application for a post as secretary, _____ that you were not successful. • d. _____ our telephone conversation this morning, _____ that your car is now ready for you to collect.
6. 说明你所能做的和不能做的： • We are unable to … • We are able to … • We have been forced to… • Practices: • 1. You cannot lower your prices. • 2. You have had to raise your prices because the government has increased the sales tax. • 3. However, you can give them a discount of 5% if their order is for more than $8, 000. • 4. With regard to their second question, you cannot accept payment in Egyptian pounds but you can accept US dollars or Euros.
7. 说明原因： This is owing to … due to … a result of … because of … 注意： 如果想在表述原因时使用动词，则加上 the fact that的从句。
Practices • 1. increase prices— fall of the dollar • 2. Delay the delivery of the goods— strike by airline pilots • 3. Increase all salaries by 10%— rise in sales • 4. Cut all salaries by 10%— fall in sales • 5. Cannot deliver your new order— we have not received your payment for the last order • 6. Cancel the meeting— a lot of staff have been ill
8. 请求采取行动： Please could you … as soon as possible. We would be grateful if you could … without delay. We would appreciate it if you could immediately. …
Practices • 1. You have seen an advertisement in the newspaper for a post as office manger. You want an application form. • 2. The photocopier in your office has broken down. You want to have it repaired, quickly. • 3. You have moved your office and you want the post office to forward your letters to your new address. • 4. You want the telephone company to put another telephone in your office. You need it urgently. • 5. You have written to a company and you want them to reply quickly.
9. 抱歉： We must apologize for … We are extremely sorry for … 注：以上句型后请使用动词ing形式。 以上句型中的for可以换成that，用从句表达。 解释问题的原因后在信的结尾处再次表达歉意。 再次抱歉用语： Please accept our apologies once again. We hope that this has not caused you any inconvenience. With apologies once again.
10. 要求提供信息： Please could you We would be grateful if you give us further details about. . could…… inform us (about/if) … We would appreciate it if you let us know ( about/if ) … Could…… We would like to know ( about/if ) …
Practices • 1. You wrote a letter to someone and they haven’t replied. You want to know if they received the letter. • 2. A businessman is going to your country. He wants you to get a visa for him. You need all the details about his passport (his nationality, date of birth, where his passport was issued, and when it expires). • 3. You want to know about the same businessman’s flight (flight number, date and time of arrival).
11. 轻度抱怨 • Unfortunately, something is wrong. • Practices: • 1. A company has sent you a bill for the wrong goods. • 2．Your new photocopier has broken down. You have to write to the company who sold it to you. • 3. Two temporary secretaries do not speak English. You have to write to the agency who sent them to you. • 4. You keep receiving letters for someone else. You have to write to the post office.
12. 提醒某人对某事的注意 I should like to draw your attention to (the fact that)… I should like to point out that … • 如果你提醒的事情对方已经知道（你想表达 你的生气）： I should like to remind you that… I hope that it is not necessary to remind you that …
Practices • 1. One of your staff keeps parking his car in front of the main door, the space which is reserved for the MD (managing director 总经理). • 2. Someone is interested in purchasing a large quantity of your cameras. Tell him about 25% discount for large orders. • 3. One of your staff arrives half an hour late for work every day. (She should start at 9. 30. ) • 4. Someone is interested in your products. Tell him that you guarantee that your prices are the lowest in the country.
13. 要求某人采取行动 • We must insist that …DO… （ DO指 动 词 原 型 ） e. g. We must insist that you deliver the goods immediately.
14. 警告 • Unless…/If…(not)…, we will be forced to … • Practices: • 1. A company that has not paid your bill • 2. Another company that is using your company’s car park • 3. An employee who always arrives late for work • 4. A builder who has left a lot of their tools in your office
15. 强烈抱怨 • a. 阐述发生的问题： e. g. It is now over nine months since we placed this order and we are still waiting for the cabinets. • b. 使用句型12： e. g. I should like to point out that we have already paid for these cabinets. • c. 使用句型 13： e. g. We must insist that you deliver them immediately. • d. 使用句型14： e. g. Unless we hear from you within 7 days we will take legal action.
火眼金睛 • 1. When your machine breaks down, please tell us we’ll send our workers to your house to have it repaired as soon as possible. • 2. If there is anything I haven’t made clear, please contact us. • 3. I was so sorry when I heard that your delivery arrived late.
火眼金睛 • 4. We are looking forward to hearing more from you. • 5. We are sorry that quality is not good enough but we don’t think it’s our fault. • 6. I can’t get the report to you because I’m so busy these days.
BEC中级写作—题型集锦 • Part 1 • Business correspondence: • Functions: Giving instructions, explaining a development, asking for comments, requesting information, agreeing to requests. • Response: note, message, memo, e-mail. (40 -50 words) neutral and informal • 考生首先要明白题目赋予写作者的身份，然后确 定短文中必须包含的题目指定的要求; 最后考虑语 言是否流畅，是否有语法错误、拼写错误等。
具体评分标准 • 1. 是否完成题目要求 • 所有内容点是否包含在文章内 • 语言是否规范、自然；错误的多少 • 是否灵活运用语言，词汇量 • 问题是否组织得当，逻辑性、格式是否适当 • 2. 给读者的感觉 Band 5: 极佳 Band 4：良好 Band 3: 较好 Band 2: 不佳 Band 1: 极差
提高写作技巧 • 1. 写作的基本模式和框架是怎样的，结构是 怎样安排的，应该写什么不该写什么。 • 2. 动笔写，养成数字数的习惯， 每写完一段 /一句， 粗略估计一下字数。 。 • 3. 把历年真题和模拟卷子上的所有作文题目 都写了（大约有二三十篇）。每一篇写作的 过程中，不翻看任何参考范文或资料，独立 完成。写完之后，再对照范文进行比照，找 出自己的不足，进行修改。 痛苦
称呼与结束语之间的对应 Dear Sir or Madam Yours faithfully Dear Mr/ Ms/ Mrs/ Miss Smith Yours sincerely Dear John Best wishes/ regards
日期规范 • • • 12 06 2003 BE： 6月12日 AE： 12月6日 CORRECT: 12 June, 2003 或 June 12, 2003 月份使用大写字母 天后不用加th, rd, nd 或st.
1． Memo • Memo 格式(养成习惯， 全部左对齐) • To: Mike Lee, Account Manager（客户经理） (title， optional) • From: the same as above • Date: 21 May, 2010 (不要用数字表示月份) • subject: 1. no more than 5 words 2. n. +n. Changes of Meeting/ Apologies for Delay/ Announcement of Christmas Party/ Promotion of Staff/ Participation in Training Programmes adj. + n. E. g. personal mobile • body
审题顺序 • Ask yourself the following questions: • Who are you? • Who do you write to? Subordinate，superior, colleague, or a customer. • What is it about? Bad/good news, expressing gratitude or scolding… • How many key points should be presented? • Point sequence—logic
注意事项 • 1．尽量不要抄题干的单词， 请换词。如announce that可替换为notify you that/ inform you that/ tell you that/ let you know that等。 • 2. 在商务写作里， 可以用we的地方， 尽量用we。 • 3．用被动表示更正式， 而主动是更偏向意愿。 • 4．具体到几点时，一定要说明am or pm或者用 24 小时制。 • 5. 一定要控制好字数，不要多，也不要少！！！
Practice 1 You are the training manager of a company which has won a large export order. You have been asked to organize foreign language training for some of your staff. · Write a memo to staff · Explaining why the courses are necessary · Saying which members of staff should attend · Announcing when the course will start
Practice 1 MEMO To: Sarah Peterson From: Brian Mc. Keethy Date: 28 September 2008 Subject: Language Training
Key to practice 1 Memo To: Sarah Peterson From: Brian Mc. Keethy Date: 28 September 2008 Subject: Language Training As you know, we have received a large export order for our major product, and servicing that order is going to require international communication. I am therefore organizing courses in Business Correspondence and Telephone English for the staff in Marketing, Sales, and Shipping. Courses begin next Monday from 4 pm to 6 pm. Your attendance is required.
Practice 2 You are a director of a manufacturing company. A foreign delegation will soon be visiting the company. You are responsible for supervising arrangements for the visit. Write a memo to the office manager of your company: · saying when the delegates will arrive · explaining what he should show them · telling him the arrangements for lunch
Key to practice 2 Memo To: Jerry Carter From: Susannah Cowley Date: 11 September 2010 Subject: Foreign Delegation The delegation is due at 9: 30 next Friday morning. They’ll be interested in seeing the production plant, and I suggest you also take them to the R&D section. We’ll have lunch at the Shuntai Hotel at 1 pm, and of course you are invited to join us.
Practice 3 You are Head of Research for an international car manufacturer. You have to make an urgent trip tomorrow to visit Pierre Blanco, a colleague who works for a subsidiary. • Write a memo of 40 -50 words to your secretary: • telling her who you are going to see and when • asking her to book flight tickets and accommodation • telling her what work you would like her to do in your absence.
Possible answer to practice 3 I need to have an urgent meeting with Pierre Blanco of our Paris office tomorrow. Please book a return ticket to Paris and a hotel room for me as soon as possible. During my absence, please keep me informed of the progress of the project. If there is anything urgent, give me a phone call.
2. Note Message To: Date: ______ Message
Telephone Message For: From: Tel. : Message: Action required: Please call back Caller will call back later No action required Message taken by: Date Time________
Practice 1 You are the factory manager of a car company. You are waiting for urgently needed components from your purchasing department. Write a note to Mr Grayson, the Assistant Purchasing Manager: • enquiring about the reason for the delay; • stating when the components are needed; • suggesting a meeting to discuss future deliveries.
Key to practice 1 Message To: Grayson Date: 21 November 2009 Message I am writing to enquire about the reason of the late delivery of the components in order NO. 123. We need the components by next Monday. We appreciate you will deliver the components before Monday. In order to smooth our cooperation, I suggest that we have a meeting to discuss future deliveries.
Practice 2 You are a manager in a large retail company. The directors have recently decided to introduce a staff suggestion scheme (员 建议计划). You have been asked to organize the introduction of the scheme. Write a note to your assistant: • saying when the scheme will begin • explaining the purpose of the scheme • asking him to inform staff about the scheme
Key to practice 2 Notepad To: Shaun From: Carol We’re introducing the new staff suggestion scheme on 1 May. We want all staff to think about improvements to working conditions, productivity, customer relations, etc. Could you please email everyone about it, and tell them that suggestions should be put in the box in reception.
3. E-mail To: From: Date Subject cc Attachment: (Attached you will find the agenda. /Please find attached the agenda/I am attaching the agenda Dear/to whom it may concern main body best wishes signature (electronic signature) name title
Practice 1 You are the CFO for a multinational company. You have been asked to go to a senior staff meeting at your company’s head office in New York to make a keynote speech on management accounting. You cannot go, but you have prepared a presentation for the meeting. Write an E-mail to Mary King, who is organizing the meeting: • apologizing for not being able to go to the meeting • explaining why you cannot go • saying what you propose to do Write 40 -50 words.
Key to practice 1 To: Mary King CC. Subject: keynote speech Dear Ms. King Thank you for inviting me to make a keynote speech at the company’s senior staff meeting. However, I must apologize for the fact that I will be unable to attend the meeting since I have to (fly to London to) attend an international conference. I have prepared a presentation (on management accounting) and my assistant, Mr. Johnson, has been delegated to (attend the meeting in my place and) make the presentation. I wish the meeting a whole/great success. Yours sincerely James Spencer
Practice 2 You would like to go to a seminar on presentation skills. Write an email to your line manager: • requesting time off work to go to the seminar • saying when the seminar is • explaining why you want to go Write 40 -50 words on a separate sheet.
Key to practice 2 To: Jason@hotmail. com Subject: Presentation Seminar Dear Mr. Jason, For the increasing workload concerning/about presentation, I sense the need to join a related seminar. This seminar is hosted by New-Oriental and composed with/of details of presentation, which is believed to be valuable to my future work. May I ask your permission for a day off to attend this event? Best wishes, Jorvik
BEC中级写作—题型集锦 • Part 2 • Correspondence: e. g. explaining, apologizing, reassuring, complaining • Report: describing, summarizing • Proposal: describing, summarizing, recommending, persuading • Neutral and formal • 写信时要注意信的格式，适当地分段会使得看 时感觉更好。一般一个主题成一段。
1. Letter • To start: Dear Sir or Madam: / to whom it may concern: / VERY IMPORTANT use Ms for women unless asked to use Mrs or Miss • The reference: (如果之前有联络， 一定要提出， 不然不礼貌) Thanks for your email/ thank you for writing to us/ With reference to your advertisement/ your phone call today, / as per our call/
• Main body • The Reason for Writing I am writing to enquire about/ apologize for/ confirm /request • Requesting Could you possibly…? I would be grateful/ thankful if you could… We would greatly appreciate it if… • Agreeing to Requests I would be delighted to… announce that… I would be glad to offer…/ grant • Giving Bad News Unfortunately, we are sorry to It is regretful to learn of. .
• Enclosing Documents/attachment Please find enclosed…… Enclosed you will find…… • Reference to Future Contact I look forward to hearing from you soon/ meeting you next Friday/ seeing you next Thursday. • The Finish Please contact us again if we can help in any way. Please don’t hesitate to contact us again if any problem arises. 这个特别对客户的信， 多数都有。 • Yours faithfully/regards/best regards • Signature
Enquiry letter • • 常用句型： I am writing to enquiry about … I am interested in your … I would be very grateful if you could send me … • I would like further information about …
Practice 1 • The company you work for is expanding rapidly and is looking for new premises. Your Managing Director is interested in Waterside Industrial Park, and has asked you to write a letter to find out more information. • Read Waterside Industrial Park’s advertisement below, on which your Managing Director has already made some notes. • Then, using all your Managing Director’s handwritten notes, write your letter to Rosemary Brown at Waterside Industrial Park. • Do not include postal addresses. • Write 120 -140 words on a separate sheet.
Who could qualify? Which other firms are in the area? WATERSIDE INDUSTRIAL PARK üA variety of large and small units available. Sizes ? üFinancial help available for many companies moving to the area. üExcellent road and rail links with all parts of the country. üSkilled labor force for manufacturing or service sector business. Labor costs compared with other areas? For an information pack, please contact: Rosemary Brown Waterside Industrial Park Ask for this? Phone (11) 8008866 Fax (11) 323 6644
Key to practice 1 • Dear Mrs Brown • With reference to your advertisement in the local newspaper, I would like to have more information about the Waterside Industrial Park. • Could you tell us which other firms are in the area, and what are the sizes of the units available for rental. • Regarding the financial help mentioned, could you inform us who would qualify for it and how to apply. • Another point to clarify is the skilled labor costs compared with other areas. • Finally, we would be grateful if you could send us the information pack to our address. • We look forward to hearing from you soon. • Yours sincerely • Alya Maideen
Reply letter • Dear Mr Yamaguchi, • Thank you for letter dated 27 July 2005, in which you put forward some suggestions for the proposed visit to our company. • There are, however, a few changes which I would like to make to your suggestions. • * * • In order to confirm the above arrangements, I suggest that we discuss these over the telephone at your earliest convenience. • I look forward to your early reply. • Your sincerely,
Letters of complaint • • 常用句型： I am writing to complain about … I am not satisfied with … I must therefore insist that …
Practice 1 • You recently attended a one-day training course on health and safety. You were disappointed with the course and you have decided to write a letter of complaint to the training company. • Read the advertisement below, which gives details of the course. You have already made some notes on the advertisement. • Then, using all your handwritten notes, write your letter to Moira Geddings at GBG Certification Services. • Do not include postal addresses. Write 120 -140 words on a separate sheet.
GBG Certification Services Good for business, good for you. Regardless of whether you are in a manufacturing or service industry, you are required by law to operate your business in a manner which is safe and healthy for your workforce. Our courses will help you provide a safe and legally sound working environment for your staff. trainer was sick replacement poor Our one-day courses include: Experienced and highly-qualified trainers pile of loose photocopies! High-quality information packs not true! Small groups (maximum 8 people) explain what was Price includes lunch and refreshments wrong with lunch All one-day courses run Monday-Friday from 9. 30 -17. 00. For more information contact: Mora Geddings GBG House Summerfield Road Oxford OX 8 4 DN started late
Sample letter Dear Mrs Geddings, I write regarding a training course on health and safety which I attended 27 November. When I booked this course, I chose your company as it came highly recommended and the courses seemed to be of a high standard. I was promised an experienced trainer but unfortunately he was sick and the replacement was not as good as expected. Regarding the information packs these were only a pile of loose photocopies, which was not promised. The class was supposed to be about 8 people but in mine there were about 15. Finally, I should make it clear that the class started 1 hour late, and the lunch that was served, was cold. I am sure you can understand my disappointment. I would therefore be glad if you could investigate this matter. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Lisa Kostevska Cabin Attendant
Letters of apology • • • 常用句型： I am writing to apologize for/about This was due to … Unfortunately, we have been unable to … I am sorry for any inconvenience this has caused. • I can assure you that we will…
Practice 1 • You are the secretary in a company which makes plastic tableware. Your boss has left the letter below for you to answer. • Write a letter of 120 - 140 words to Ms. Jerome, explaining the reason for the damaged goods. Use the information in her letter and the notes from your boss. • Do not include addresses.
Chris: please write back to Ms Jereme with regrets, etc. We mustn’t lose this customer Thanks - Hugh. QUALITY CAFETERIAS INC. NEW ROAD MELBOURNE 6 October 1997 The Manager Plastic – A – Plenty Co. Gough Industrial Estate Melbourne
5 years to be exact. Dear Sir or Madam PLASTIC TABLEWARE-Product nos. 0821 (forks) and 7234 (bowls) We have used your company as a supplier to our restaurants for several years, and until recently the quality of your products has always been good. However, on 2 September this year, we took delivery of some plastic tableware which was of extremely poor quality. Many of the bowls were chipped and several of the forks were broken. We cannot use them in our cafeterias. We will replace them free of charge. I do hope that such a delivery will not be repeated, and that your supplies to us in the future will again be of high quality. If, however, we receive any further faulty plastic tableware from you, we will be obliged to find another supplier to provide us with goods which meet our own high standards I am sure you will be able to provide us with a satisfactory explanation. So do I! It was the faulty packing machine ( now repaired. ) Tell her it won’t happen again – she’s an excellent Customer, so please offer our apologies. Yours faithfully, Ann Jereme Restaurants Director
Sample letter • Dear Ms Jeremy • Thank you for your letter of 6 October. After supplying your restaurants for 5 years, I was extremely sorry to hear that the batch of bowls and forks which you received on 2 September was not of usual quality. • After careful investigation, we found that the cause of the problem was a faulty packing machine. It has now been repaired. I can promise you that this type of problem will not happen again. • According to the sales contract between us, we will, of course, replace your faulty delivery free of charge. • I would like to offer our apologies once again and thank you being an excellent customer. • Yours sincerely
Collection letter • • 三步走： 1．a friendly reminder e. g. I am writing to remind you that your bill for ￥ 5000 is now 30 days past due. • If you have any problem, we'll be willing to help. We would, however, appreciate hearing from you so we can work out a mutually agreeable payment schedule. • Please use the enclosed envelope or call me at 12938434.
Collection letter • 2. it’s time to pay • e. g. • Your account has been over due for 6 months. Considering your financial situations, which we realize have not been good recently, we have not pressed you for payment. By now, however, you should be able to make this long-delayed payment. • Please send your check in the enclosed envelope, or let us hear from you today to make a payment arrangement.
Collection letter • 3. final warning -- legal action • e. g. • You have not responded at all to our many attempts to collect the ￥ 9999 you have owed us since 31 st July, 2006. Our next step is to take legal action to collect the money due us. • This is certainly unpleasant for both of us and is no doubt damaging to your credit rating. Therefore, we will delay any action for 7 days from the date of this letter. Please let us have your check on or before 31 st December, 2006. • Whether or not we take legal action is now your decision. • If you have already sent your payment, please disregard this notice and accept our thanks for your payment.
Report • • report 格式 report on……(title) introduction 目的，主要内容， 对结果的预示 findings/ summary of data/discussion 有逻辑性 bullet point/numbering • conclusion/ recommendation 得出结论和建议
关键句型 • introduction句型： The aim/purpose of this report is to … The report I am submitting is to … This report sets out to… This report aims to …… As requested by……, I am submitting the following report about …… Upon request of ……， As ……requested on November 12, I am submitting the following report on …… Here is the report concerning…… We have done a survey showing that ……
• Findings句型 • • • as might have been expected the key findings are outlined below the table clearly shows that… It was decided/agreed/felt that… No conclusions were reached regarding… According to the recent market research / investigation / survey / the chart above / the table above / undertaken, …… , The recent visit/investigation/survey showed that …… The table/chart above tells us that …… From the chart shown, we find/learn/notice that …… The table/chart above is showing that……
• Conclusion 句型 According to the findings above, it can be concluded that …… From the table shown, it can be concluded that…… Therefore, it can be concluded that ……
• Recommendation 的 句型： based on/following the discussion above (summaries above), it is wise for our company to do sth. it would be advisable to do sth. it is proposed that we should do sth. We would recommend that… It is suggested that… With reference to the advantages stated above, the following recommendations can be made, ……
题型分析 • 根据不同的写作目的，商务报告分类： (1) 提供信息(Information) (2) 分析归纳(Analysis & Conclusion) (3) 提出建议(Recommendation) • 题目分类： （1）文字类的题目 （2）图表类的题目图表的分类： • 表格分类： 曲线图（line chart），柱状图（bar chart），饼状 图（pie chart），和表格（table）
A．表格(Table) • 市场调查结果表(含本公司和Shikei的产品) A Tomatsu Value for money Reliability After-sales service Availability Advertising * * * * * * B Shike * * * * * * * * *
B．饼状图(Pie Chart) 1999年终各地区的销售总量(单位：百万美元)
C．柱形图(Bar Chart) 1999年终各地区的销售总量(单位：百万美元)
D．曲线图(Line Chart) 1988— 1995三个地区的销售总量(单位：百万美元)
注意事项： • 1 内容上，要选取重要信息，要导入数据 • 2 结构上，要按照上面的套路，不要写流 水账 • 3 语言上，要多变，句式和选词都要多变 • 4 语法上，要注意时态，一般现在时、一 般过去时和现在完成
商务报告与建议书的语言 • • • • 1 常用词语 常用的概括图表信息的词组和表达方式 上升趋势 to increase / an increase to go up to grow / a growth to jump / a jump to leap / a leap to reach a peak / a peak to soar / a soar to rise / a rise to upsurge / an upsurge to upswing / an upswing
• • • B. 下降趋势 to collapse / a collapse to decline / a decline to drop / a drop to decrease / a decrease to fall / a fall to go down to reach a low point / a low point to reduce / a reduction
• c. 程度 • a) 升降程度较大 a great deal /big/a lot; apparent/apparently; clear / clearly; considerable / considerably; important / importantly; dramatic/dramatically; great /greatly; drastic / drastically; marked / markedly; much; obvious/obviously; fast; quick / quickly; rapid / rapidly; remarkable / remarkably; sharp /sharply; significant / significantly; strong / strongly; sudden / suddenly
• b) 升降程度较小 a bit; a little; fractional / fractionally; gentle / gently; gradual / gradually; hardly; little; slight / slightly; slow / slowly; small; steady / steadily • c) 平稳状态 to be hardly changed; to have little change; to keep steady; to level off; to remain constant; to remain unchanged
2 句型模版 描述饼图 1. x% of the 比较主体 is / has / are / have …… 2. 比较主体 中的一部分 is / constitutes / accounts for ? ? % in the whole pie chart. 3. 比较群体中的一部分 is / are ? ? % in the pie chart 做出比较 1. The 比较主体 doubled / tripled in 时间 compared with those in 时间. A在XX期间增长了一倍/两倍。 2. The 比较主体 in 地点 in 时间 is …… in contrast to …… in 地点 in 时间. A在XX期间的数量是XX，然而/同时，B在XX期间的数量是XX 3. A is in direct proportion to B=A is directly proportional to B. AB成正比 4. A is in inverse/reciprocal proportion to B=A is inversely/reciprocally proportional to B. AB成反比。 5. A has 倍数 as many 可数的比较主体 as B. A是B的多少倍 6. A has 倍数 as much 不可数的比较主体 as B. 同上 7. A has the same 比较主体 as B. AB相同，相等
Examples Truck sales rose steadily from October to December.
A steady fall in sales during November and December followed the sharp increase in October.
Truck sales dropped during November but increased again in December to exceed October sales.
• Truck sales hardly changed throughout the period, except for a slight increase in November
• A slow but steady increase was followed by a sharp fall and an increase towards the End.
• Truck sales dropped down in October, but remained unchanged for the rest of the period.
Recommendation notice • • 注意建议的合理性与层次性 (1)言之有据，前后呼应。 (2)言之有理，言之可行。 (3)数码标段，层次分明。
Practice • You work for Tomatsu, a company which produces video recorders. You are responsible for Product Development. • Read the following table showing the results of a survey of video recorders. The recorders are rated from * (POOR) to * * * (EXCELLENT). Column A shows the ratings for your company’s products. Column B shows the ratings for the products of Shikei, your main competitor. • Use the information in the table to write a short report (about 100 - 120 words) recommending ways of improving the quality and the marketing of your company’s video recorders. • Write on your Answer Sheet.
A Tomatsu Value for money Reliability After-sales service Availability Advertising B Shikei * * * * * * * * * * * * *
![• [题解] • 该题首先假设考生是一家录像机公司的产品开发 部负责人，接着考题提供了一张调查结果表，该表 格比较了本公司产品与竞争对手的产品在性能价格、 质量稳定性、售后服务、市场份额及广告宣传等方 面的优势与不足，考题最后要求根据这张表格所反 映的信息，撰写一份报告，就提高产品的质量，加 强市场营销等问题提出建议。 • 在动笔前一定要认真仔细地阅读考题提供的原始图 表，力求看懂并吃透原文精神，然后准确地把图表](https://present5.com/presentation/32c266443473f152e4d0bb40936c7490/image-99.jpg "• [题解] • 该题首先假设考生是一家录像机公司的产品开发 部负责人，接着考题提供了一张调查结果表，该表 格比较了本公司产品与竞争对手的产品在性能价格、 质量稳定性、售后服务、市场份额及广告宣传等方 面的优势与不足，考题最后要求根据这张表格所反 映的信息，撰写一份报告，就提高产品的质量，加 强市场营销等问题提出建议。 • 在动笔前一定要认真仔细地阅读考题提供的原始图 表，力求看懂并吃透原文精神，然后准确地把图表")
• [题解] • 该题首先假设考生是一家录像机公司的产品开发 部负责人，接着考题提供了一张调查结果表，该表 格比较了本公司产品与竞争对手的产品在性能价格、 质量稳定性、售后服务、市场份额及广告宣传等方 面的优势与不足，考题最后要求根据这张表格所反 映的信息，撰写一份报告，就提高产品的质量，加 强市场营销等问题提出建议。 • 在动笔前一定要认真仔细地阅读考题提供的原始图 表，力求看懂并吃透原文精神，然后准确地把图表 信息转换成语言文字，在分析数据的基础上再根据 考题要求，有的放矢地提出建议。此题的难度相当 大，因为它要求首先应该具有阅读和解释视觉信息 的能力，并在此基础上发表观点，提出建议。
Report • The results of the market survey are dissatisfying. Therefore effective measures must be taken immediately. • Discussion of Facts • From the table shown, it can be concluded that our efforts in such fields as ‘Value for Money’, ‘Reliability’, ‘After-sales Service’ and ‘Advertising’ are less successful than those of Shikei. • Recommendations • On the basis of the results, I have the following recommendations: • 1. To organize quality circles to study and supervise every sector in our production so that any quality problems can be discussed and solved in the course of production. • 2. To give the marketing manager more power to make his own decisions so that he can respond to the changing business situation timelier.
• ★ 图表题 • 1 曲线图、柱状图 注意语言多样性、导入数据 • 2 饼状图 注意顺序、抓住重点
Practice 1 • You are Marketing Director of a supermarket. You have been asked to prepare a short proposal for your board of directors on the restructuring of your supermarket. • Look at the information below, on which you have already made some handwritten notes. • Then, using all your handwritten notes, write your report. • Write 120 -140 words.
Table 1 Present Distribution of Stock Clerks Food & Grocery 20% Jewellery & Watches 10% Consumer Durables 25% Clothing 5% Footwear & leather 5% Basically satisfactory Over staffed More stock clerks needed Table 2 segments with fastest growing consumer needs over the past 2 years Food & grocery 91% 55 % Clothing 43 % Consumer durables 35 % Footwear & leather Furniture Still to be expanded Increased from 3% 18 % Pharmacy 18 % Jewellery & watches 18 % (% respondents who chose)
• Sample letter: • This proposal provides some suggestions for the redistribution of our supermarket stock clerk. • Table 1 indicates that our staffing levels at Food & Grocery and Jewellery & Watches are basically satisfactory, but that more stock clerks are needed in two other departments: Clothing and Footwear & Leather. Sales of shoes and other leather goods have increased more than tenfold over the last two years, while consumer needs for clothing have risen to 55% and will keep expanding. The present distribution of stock staff in these two departments (5% each) is clearly out of proportion, especially when compared to staff levels in Consumer Durables. • Based on the fact that Consumer Durable is clearly overstaffed, it is suggested that some 50% of these stock clerks be transferred to the Clothing and Footwear & Leather Departments so as to double their present numbers.
Practice 2 • You work for a European beverage dealer. The following table shows the consumption of four types of soft drinks over the past 15 years, revealing the current trend of the drink industry in your country. • Using all your handwritten notes, write a short report, emphasizing the main business changes for your company. • Write 20 -140 words.
Table 1 What people drank in 1990 and 2005 For convenience 1990 (%) 2005 (%) Mineral water 6 19 Juice 35 27 Soda 38 41 Iced tea 21 13 Total 100 Mostly sugared Great increase in sports drinks; Decrease in fresh juice and squash Still popular with older people Diet soda: nearly half
Reports on Consumption of Different Beverage • Report This report describes trends in the consumption of different types of beverage over the past decade and half. • Findings 15 years ago, the most popular drinks were juice (35% ) and soda (38%), but by 2005, consumption of mineral water had more than tripled from 6% to 19% because of its convenience, whereas the consumption of iced tea had shrunk by a third, despite its unshaken popularity among the older population. • Conclusions No dramatic changes occurred for soda as a whole, but diet soda has almost caught up with its sugared twin and taken over nearly half of the soda sales. Similarly, we find a rapid increase in sports drinks but decreases in fresh juice and squash which take the juice family, down by 8 percentage points. In general, juice and soda remain the major products in the market, with mineral water catching up rapidly.
文字类题目 • You work for a company that sells electrical goods. You have recently visited a potential supplier in Slovakia. Look at the memo and your handwritten notes. • Write a 120 - 140 word report recommending whether your company should deal with the supplier or not.
• • • • To: Alan From: Georgina Date: 16 February 2000 Re: Your visit to Ludova Technologies Slovensko Alan Here’s the information about Ludova Technologies. It isn’t much, I’m afraid, but it’s all we have. The company is 15 years old and employs about 20 people. It’s located in the south west of Slovakia, on the Austrian border. They make electrical goods such as pocket radios, but we’re not really sure what else. Can you find out the following and write a report recommending what we should do? The factory What are the production facilities like? What is the production capacity? Products What is the product range like? Production times How quickly can they deliver? Don’t forget to make a final recommendation Old equipment, modernization planned but Quite low due to old machines Wide range, good quality Your flight and hotel are booked and Mr pavol Kukura will meet you at the airport on Friday. Good luck! Long delivery times-explain why
Report on suitability of Ludova Technologies Slovensko (LTS) • Introduction • This report aims to assess whether the Slovakian company Ludova Technologies would be a suitable supplier of electrical goods. • Findings • A recent visit to the company showed that its facilities are quite old, resulting in a limited production capacity. Despite this, LTS produces an extensive range of high-quality products including radios, cassette recorders and CD players. • However, out-of-date machinery means delivery times of up to three months. This may change when the planned modernization takes place. • Conclusion • LTS would not be suitable for large orders that require quick delivery • Recommendations • It is recommended that we remain in contact with LTS and reconsider a supply contract once the factory modernization is completed.
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