World War II Quotes Never in the

World War II Quotes • “Never in the field of human conflict have so many owed so much to so few. ” (200 pilots defended Britain from the German Luftwaffe) • Winston Churchill, British Prime Minister • “If Hitler had invaded Hell, I would at least give a favorable mention to the Devil in the House of Commons. ” • Winston Churchill, 1941 • Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it. ” • George Santayana • “I shall return. ” • General Mac. Arthur, 1942

World War II in Europe

I. World War II • A. Poland • 1. Aug 1939: Nazi Soviet nonaggression pact: Stalin & Hitler agree not to attack each other & split Poland in ½. • 2. Sept 1 1939: Germs invade Poland, Brit & Fr help Poles (end of appeasement)

B. Blitzkrieg: lightning war • 1. Germ attacks Norway, Denmark & Be. Ne. Lux nations • 2. France • a. June 14, 1940: Germ troops march in Paris • b. June 22: Fr surrenders • c. June 1940: France divided into 2 parts • 1. N: occupied by Nazis • 2. S: Vichy Fr: puppet govt

Hitler in Paris Adolf Hitler visits Paris with architect Albert Speer (left) and artist Arno Breker (right), June 23, 1940

German troops in Paris

C. July 1940: Battle of Britain • 1. Prime Minister Winston Churchill vows to “never surrender” to Nazis high Brit morale • 2. Brits have radar, Germs don’t • 3. June 1941 • a. Hitler gives up, ends B. of Britain • b. Invades Sov Union & shifts war to Eastern Front

"Forgive me Comrade" On June 23, 1941, the day after Nazi Germany attacked the Soviet Union, the London Daily Mail published this cartoon depicting Hitler's betrayal of his 1939 pact with Stalin. Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Random & Useless Operation Barbarossa • June 22, 1941: 3 mill Germs cross a 2, 000 mile front • Stalin had purged military ldrship • 900 days seige of Leningrad: 900, 000 civilians died (1/2 children) • “General Winter” prevented Germs from taking Moscow • Battle of Stalingrad: Stalin orders it held, Hitler order it taken even though it has no military value • An urban battle in which the Soviets lose 500 K before encircling the Germans • Out of 250 K Germs, 5 K made it back to Germ

Operation Barbarossa

D. Japanese aggression • 1. 1931: Invaded Manchuria & declare it an independent state • 2. “Asia for the Asians: ” free Asian colonies from Euros • 3. 1940: Tripartite Pact (w/Germ & Italy): Japan hoped to divide S. Union w/Germs

Pacific Theater

II. Allies Advance • A. Teheran conference • 1. Stalin demanded a 2 nd front • 2. Soviets would liberate E. Europe & GB & US would invade Fr

• B. D-Day : June 6, 1944: Anglo Am forces invade Normandy, France & create a Euro front against Germs • C. Battle of the Bulge: Germans launch final attack on Allies

Lgst amphibious invasion, w/in 3 mos: Allies CRUSH Germ resistance in Eur

D. Feb 1945: Yalta conference • 1. Poland: Stalin will support freely elected Pro-Soviet govt (compromise) • 2. Allies will divide Germany & Soviets will help US in war w/Japan

The Big 3 at Yalta, Feb 1945

E. Final Solution • 1. Germans killed 12 million ppl (6 mill Jews) • 2. began in 1939 with death camps run by SS; millions died in gas chambers

Hitler’s Berlin Bunker

Mussolini & Clara Petachi

Random & Useless • April 30: Hitler, Eva & dog die in Berlin bunker • Soviets enter Berlin • May 8, 1945: Germs surrender (V-E Day) • Dec 7, 1941: Pearl Harbor • Js wanted to wkn US presence in Pacific & estab control over islands • 2400 die, 1200 in Arizona alone

Soviet flag atop the Reichstag

Battleship Arizona

Albert Einstein

F. July 1945: Potsdam Conference • 1. Truman notified of Trinity test • 2. Js offer conditional surrender (want to keep emp), but Allies demand uncond surrender

Japan invaded this country in 1931 Manchuria

The Tripartite Pact included Japan, Germany, & this country Italy

In 1939, the Soviet Union signed a nonaggression pact with this country Germany

This policy prevailed in Western European nations until Poland was invaded Appeasement

High morale & this were the reasons the British won the Battle of Britain Radar

The Allied landing in this country created a European front against the Germans France

This German leader came to power through legal means Adolf Hitler

The last German offensive Battle of the Bulge

In 1940, this country was divided in two, part Nazi occupied, part puppet govt France

Germany’s war effort was based on this concept Blitzkrieg

This was the capital of the Nazi puppet regime in France Vichy

In 1941, Germany invaded this country Soviet Union

Yalta, Potsdam & this were WW 2 conferences between the Allied powers Tehran

Which people were sent to death camps? (three groups)

G. The Atomic Bomb • 1. Aug 6: Enola Gay drops Little Boy on Hiroshima (80, 000 die instantly) • 2. Aug 9: Bock’s Car drops Fat Man on Nagasaki (40, 000 die) • 3. Aug 15: J surrenders uncond, keep emp

Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima

Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki

Hiroshima

Describe the territorial results of World War II for Germany, Japan & Eastern Europe

III. Decolonization • A. India • 1. WW 2 • a. Indian National Congress said they would support Brits in WW 2 if they could have indep after the war

• b. Churchill said no • c. Brits arrest ppl; Gandhi & Nehru imprisoned • d. Muslim League supptd Brits in WW 2 • e. 1943 -1944: famine in India- bitterness against Brits

Gandhi & Nehru Jan 30 1948: Gandhi assass by a Hindu extremist

2. After WW 2 • a. 1945: Brits elect Labour Party which suppts indep India • b. Brits estab 2 countries • 1. India, a secular country domin by Hindus (Congress Party) • 2. Pakistan: Muslim rule (Jinnah) • 3. 10 million ppl move, lots of rioting & refugees, villages destroyed

B. Palestine • 1. Jews immigrate to Palestine 1880 -1930 • 2. 1930 s: Jews try to flee Nazi Germany more immigration • 3. Arabs resist immigration w/violence

• 4. Brits restrict Jewish immigration • 5. Zionists respond with violence • 6. 1948: UN partitions Palestine: ½ is Palestine, ½ is Israel • 7. Arabs attack Israel, Israel wins

C. Algeria • 1. Algeria wants indep from France • 2. White settlers, military & OAS are against independence • 3. Algeria becomes independent & 1 mill ppl leave

While the Indian National Congress opposed the war effort & leaders were jailed, this group supported the British Muslim League

This group became violent against the British when the British limited immigration to Palestine Zionists

The British were more closely allied with this nationalist party in India than any other group Muslim League

The war in the Pacific was ended when the US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima & this city Nagasaki

This group turned to violence in response to British attempts to stop immigration to Israel Zionists

The indepence in this country became violent when white settlers, supported by military groups, resisted Algeria