World Trade Organization Made by Kuzmicheva Ann
Agenda The WTO. Who are They? Members of the WTO What do they do? 10 benefits of the WTO trading system
Who are they? The WTO is an organization for trade opening. It is a forum for governments to negotiate trade agreements. It is a place for them to settle trade disputes and try to sort out the trade problems they face with each other.
History of the WTO The WTO was established in 1995 as a result of the Uruguay Round of negotiations (1986– 1994) and earlier negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
Members of the WTO Today 96% of the countries in the world have joined the WTO, including big fast growing economies like Brazil, Russia, India and China.
What do they do? The WTO`s overriding objective is to help trade flow smoothly, freely, fairly and predictably. It does this by: Administering trade agreements Acting as a forum for trade negotiations Settling trade disputes Assisting developing countries in trade policy issues, through technical assistance and training programmes Cooperating with other international organizations
Trade negotiations The WTO agreements cover goods, services and intellectual property. They spell out the principles of liberalization, and the permitted exceptions. They include individual countries’ commitments to lower customs tariffs and other trade barriers, and to open and keep open services markets. They set procedures for settling disputes.
Implementation and monitoring WTO agreements require governments to make their trade policies transparent by notifying the WTO about laws in force and measures adopted. Various WTO councils and committees seek to ensure that these requirements are being followed and that WTO agreements are being properly implemented.
Dispute settlement The WTO’s procedure for resolving trade quarrels. Countries bring disputes to the WTO if they think their rights under the agreements are being infringed. Judgements by specially appointed independent experts are based on interpretations of the agreements and individual countries’ commitments.
Building trade capacity WTO agreements contain special provision for developing countries, including longer time periods to implement agreements and commitments, measures to increase their trading opportunities, and support to help them build their trade capacity, to handle disputes and to implement technical standards. The WTO organizes hundreds of technical cooperation missions to developing countries annually. Aid for Trade aims to help developing countries develop the skills and infrastructure needed to expand their trade.
Outreach The WTO maintains regular dialogue with non-governmental organizations, parliamentarians, other international organizations, the media and the general public on various aspects of the WTO with the aim of enhancing cooperation and increasing awareness of WTO activities.
10 benefits of the WTO trading system 1. The system helps promote peace 2. Disputes are handled constructively 3. Rules make life easier for all 4. Freer trade cuts the costs of living 5. It provides more choice of products and qualities 6. Trade raises incomes 7. Trade stimulates economic growth 8. The basic principles make life more efficient 9. Governments are shielded from lobbying 10. The system encourages good government
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Kuzmicheva - N 2-3 - WTO.pptx