World Religions Major World Religions Judaism

World Religions

Major World Religions

Judaism

Judaism • • • Believers are called Jews Founder of Religion: Abraham Where did it start: Canaan (modern day Israel) Sacred Book: Torah, Talmud Monotheistic Main Beliefs: Monotheism -Following God's Law -Equality and Social Justice -The Importance of Study - Do have some dietary restrictions (against pork and shellfish)

Judaism • Spread: Diaspora • Mostly practiced in Israel today.

Christianity

Christianity • • • 1. 2. 3. Believers called: Christians Founder: Jesus Christ (Jesus of Nazareth) Where is started: Modern day Israel Sacred Book: The Bible Monotheistic Beliefs: Teachings of Jesus Christ The Trinity Believe in trying to achieve salvation (go to Heaven)

Christianity • 1. 2. 3. • • Groups within Christianity: Catholics Protestants Orthodox Spread throughout the Roman Empire through missionaries and traders and by conquest. All over the world

Islam

Islam • • • 1. Believers are called: Muslims Founder: Mohammed Where it started: Mecca, in modern day Saudi Arabia Monotheistic Main beliefs: The Five Pillars (declaration of faith, fasting during Ramadan, pilgrimage to Mecca, pray 5 timers per day, give alms (money) to the poor) 2. Does have some dietary restrictions (against pork) 3. Believe in trying to achieve salvation.

Islam • The religion spread through: missionaries, traders, and through conquest.

Stoning the devil

Pilgrimage to Mecca

Hinduism

Hinduism • • • 1. 2. 3. Believers: Hindus No single founder Started in what is now India Sacred Book: Vedas Polytheistic Main Beliefs: Dharma: Law, obligation, and duty. Effect: many believe in nonviolence-every living creature has a soul. Karma: explains why dharma is important, law explains what will happen to people’s soul when they die, karma made up of good and evil. Believe in reincarnation (born again) until soul merges with Brahma.

Caste System

Hinduism and the Caste System • Social classes” Brahmins (religious class), Kshatriyas(rulers and warriors), Vaishyas (herders and merchants), and Shudras (servants, farmers, and laborers). • Also had the untouchables. • Over time, became complex. • No social mobility. Born into a certain level of society and stayed there.

Hinduism • Ethnic religion. • Mostly practice in India. • Spread through migration.

Hindu Temples

Pilgrimage to Ganges River

Buddhism

Buddhism • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. Believers: Buddhists Founder of religion: Siddhartha Gautama Where it started: India Name of Sacred Book: Tripitaka Main Beliefs: People’s self centered desires causes suffering. The Four Noble Truths The Eightfold Path When a person dies, they will be reincarnated until they hit enlightenment, nirvana.

Spread of the Religion • Monks and traders along the Silk Road

Confucianism

Founder • Kong Fu Zi

Confucianism • • 1. Practioners: Confucianists Where it started? China Name of Sacred Book: Analects Main Beliefs: Uphold traditions of the past, establish relationships and guidelines for how people should act. 2. Taught respect for parents, loyalty to the state, honesty, hard work, concern for others. 3. Believed education is important. 4. Ancestor worship.

Relationships Parents Husban d Children Wife Elder Brother Ruler Younger Subject Brother Teacher Friend Student Friend

Daoism

Daoism • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Founder: Lao-Tzu Daoists Started in China Name of Sacred Book: Daodejing Main Beliefs: Live in harmony with nature. Yin/yang: opposite forces of nature and it represents balance. Importance of honor and duty. Best government is one that governs least. Observe nature to learn how to behave. Achieve oneness with the Dao. Wuwei: action through non-action.

Daoism • Found in China.

Sikhism

Sikhism • • • 1. 2. Followers: Sikhs Founder: Guru Nanak Started in India Sacred Book: Guru Granth Sahib Started in India Main Beliefs: Faith, especially faith in one god Social reform and pursuit of justice for all people

Sikhism • Spread through migration (Diaspora).

Sikhs

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