World Regions Introduction
Learning about the World • Despite differences in appearance, language or ways of life, the people of the world share basic needs for food, clothing, shelter.
What is Social Studies? ★Civics and Government ★History ★Economics ★Geography ★Culture and Society
Why Geography Matters • By studying geography, you can find answers to questions about Earth and the people who live on it. • Geographers, the people who study geography, try to understand relationships between people and places on Earth and between different places.
Remember: MR HELP • Movement • Regions • Human Environment • Location • Place
Location • Everything on Earth has its own location, or where it can be found. The relative location of a place tells where it is in relation to other places. • The Absolute location, or exact location, of place is its “global address” where it is on the whole Earth.
Place • Every location on Earth has a place identity made up of unique features. • Landforms, bodies of water, climate, plant and animal life are some of the physical features. Buildings, roads, and people are some of a place’s human features.
Regions • Areas on Earth that differ from each other because of their features are called regions. • Such features can be physical, human, economic, cultural, or political.
Movement • People, products, and ideas move from place to place by transportation and communication. • Geography helps you understand how people came to live where they do.
Movement Continued • It also helps you understand the causes and effects of movement. • A cause is an action that makes something else happen. • An effect is what happens as a result of that action
Human-Environment Interactions • Humans and their surrounding affect each other. • People modify, or change, their surroundings by building cities, for example. • Surroundings can affect people, causing them to adapt, or change to fit, the way they act, such as wearing warm clothing in cold places.
Why History Matters • Many things contribute to the way people live, and one of the most important is history, or what happened in the past. • History affects all people. • Some beliefs and customs, or ways of doing things, have been passed down from generation to generation.
Relating Events in Time • In history, time is the main subject of concern. • The time order in which events in history take place is called chronology. • Historians, the people who study history, analyze the chronology of events to find links between the past and the present.
Finding Evidence • Historians look for evidence, or clues, about the past in the objects and records that people have left behind. • Historians analyze buildings, works of art, photographs, and everyday tools, not just books and papers. • They listen or read the stories people tell about their pasts.
Finding Evidence Cont. • A story told aloud by a person who did not write down what happened or who did not have a written language is an Oral History.
Identifying Perspective • By reading the words and studying the objects of people in the past, historians begin to understand perspectives. • Perspectives are different points of view.
Understanding Frames of Reference • Historians have a frame of reference, their own perspective, as they study their past. • People need to be careful not to judge the actions of people in the past based on the way people act today
Frames of Ref. cont. • Historical empathy is the ability to understand people of the past in their own frame of reference.
• Drawing Conclusions To understand an event in the past, historians need to analyze its causes and effects. • When you analyze something you break it into its parts and look closely at how those parts connect with one another • Then you can summarize and draw a conclusion about how or why it happened.
Why Culture and Society Matter • As you study world regions, you will compare and contrast how people live. • The ways people act, speak and what they believe make up a culture. • Each human group, or society, has a culture that is unique in some ways.
Why culture & Society matter cont. . . • Their heritage is the wealth of ideas that have been passed down through their history.
We will be studying. . . • The United States • Canada • Middle (Central) America • South America • Australia
Why Civics and Government Matter • To keep order and resolve conflicts in a society, people need a government. • A government is a system of leaders and laws that helps people live safely together in their community, state, or country.
• Why Civics and Government Matter There a different kinds of Cont. . . government in the world. • Citizens rights and responsibilities vary from one kind of government to the next. • Civic participation means being concerned with and involved in issues related to your community, state, or country, or the entire world.
Why Economics Matters • To support its people, a society must have an economy. • Economics is the study of the way that goods and wealth are produced, distributed, and used in the world. • The people must be able to make, buy, sell, and trade goods and services to get what they need and want.
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