World Meteorological Organization Roles of WMO and National

World Meteorological Organization Roles of WMO and National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in Implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action Dr Maryam Golnaraghi, Chief of WMO DRR Programme Expert Meeting on “National Meteorological and Hydrological Services’ Participation in Disaster Risk Reduction Coordination Mechanisms and Early Warning Systems” 26 November 2007

Global Distribution of Disasters Caused by Natural Hazards and their Impacts (1980 -2005) Loss of life Number of events Economic losses 90% of events, 70% of loss of life and 75% of economic losses are related to hydro-meteorological hazards. Source: EMDAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database - www. em-dat. net - Université Catholique de Louvain - Brussels - Belgiumc

90% of Disasters are Hydro-Meteorological (Number of Events, 1980 -2005) Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database - www. em-dat. net - Université Catholique de Louvain - Brussels - Belgium

Conclusions from 4 th IPCC Assessment Report WG II: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability Phenomenon Likelihood Increased frequency of heat Very likely waves Increased frequency of Very likely heavy precipitation events Area affected by drought increases Intense tropical cyclone activity increases Likely Increased incidence of extreme high sea level Likely Major projected impacts Increased risk of heat-related mortality Increased loss of life and property due to flooding, and infectious, respiratory and skin diseases Increased risk of food and water shortage Increased risk of deaths, injuries, water- and food-borne diseases; Disruption by flood and high winds; Potential for population migrations, loss of property Increased risk of deaths and injuries by drowning in floods; Potential for movement of populations and infrastructure

Global Coordination in Hazard Detection and Forecasting to Support MH EWS Global Observing System Coordinated Satellite System Global Data Processing and Forecasting System Global Telecommunication System

WMO Coordinated Network of Specialised Centres: Observing, Detecting, Forecasting, Warning (and Training)

Communication and Dissemination International & regional level: Global Telecommunication System National Meteorological and Hydrological Services National level: dissemination of authoritative warnings • Hazards under the mandate of NMHS • Hazards under the joint mandate of NMHS and another technical agency • Hazard for which NMHS only provides supports (information / dissemination) Media General public Private sector Government and civil defence authorities

Consultation Process for Development of the WMO DRR Strategic Goals and Action Plan Country-level, TC and Programmes surveys launched Coordinate and consult closely with Programmes, Technical Commissions, Regional Associations and Strategic Partners Regional Associations surveys launched Complete surveys & develop databases Activate all DPM focal points and Working Groups Draft WMO DPM Implementation Plan to be submitted to EC AG DPM (end Dec 2006) Analyse, develop reports and recommendations Prepare report of outcomes of EC AG DPM Prepare documentation for Congress XV Consultation for drafting and finalisation of WMO DPM Implementation Plan for submission to Congress XV Coordination Meeting with Programmes, TC, RA April 2006 Oct 2006 2 nd EC AG DPM 4 -6 Dec 2006 29 -31 Jan 2007 Congress XV June 2007

Mapping WMO and NMHS Mandates and Contributions to HFA Key Activities lead role partially lead and contributing role no role

DRR Strategic Foundation Hyogo Framework for Action 2005 -2015 (World Conference on Disaster Reduction, Jan 2005) WMO Strategic Plan 2008 -2011 (Top Level Objectives and Five Strategic Thrusts) DPM Strategic Goals in Disaster Risk Reduction

Mapping WMO and NMHS Mandates and Contributions to HFA Key Activities (1/2) HFA Five Priorities for Action have been reprioritized and classified according to WMO and NMHS mandates and contributions: 1: Risk identification, assessment, monitoring and early warning (HFA Priority 2) 2: Knowledge management and education (HFA Priority 3) 3: Preparedness for effective response and recovery (HFA Priority 5) 4: Reducing underlying risk factors (HFA Priority 4) 5: Governance: organizational, legal and policy frameworks (HFA Priority 1)

DRR Strategic Goals - Key Words 1. Strengthening and sustainability of early warning systems 2. Analyzing and providing hazard information for risk assessment 3. Delivery of timely and understandable warnings and specialized forecasts -- driven by user requirements 4. Strengthening WMO/NMHS cooperation and partnerships with national and international disaster risk reduction organizations 5. public outreach campaigns

Disaster Risk Management and Hyogo Framework for Action 2005 -2015 Governance and Organizational Coordination Risk Identification Historical hazard data and analysis Changing hazard trends Risk Reduction Sectoral planning Early Warning Systems Vulnerability assessment Emergency preparedness planning Risk quantification Education and training Knowledge Sharing Risk Transfer Cat Insurance and Bond Markets Weather Derivatives

Need for Coordination and Collaborations Among Various Stakeholders Civil Protection and Humanitarian Sectoral Planning Media Coordination Collaborations Scientific and Technical Services Financial Risk Transfer Academia and Research

Need for Effective and Harmonized Governance, Organizational and Operational Mechanisms INSTITUTIONAL ® Clarity of roles and responsibilities ® Coordination and partnerships GOVERNANCE ® Integrated planning ® Strong political will and commitment ® Disaster management plans OPERATIONAL ® Legislation and policies (all levels) ® Legal frameworks ® Processes and mechanisms ® Integration of information in decision process ® Preparedness and drills ® Training ® Effective response ® Feedback Awareness, Knowledge Sharing, Capacity development

Contributions of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services to Risk Assessment • Availability of historical and real-time hazard databases • Hazard analysis and mapping methodologies – – Severity , Frequency, Location, Timing Statistical analysis of historical data GIS/GPS mapping Probabilitic climate models – Forward looking trend analysis • Emerging technologies (factors in changing patters due to climate variablity and change)

Contribution of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services to Risk Reduction • Input into sectoral planning (zoning, development, etc) • Early warning systems – Probabilistic forecasting and warnings from next hour to longer climate timescales – Integration of risk information into warning messages – Communication and dissemination – Partnerships, joint planning and joint training with national agencies responsible of emergency preparedness and response • Meteorological Services in support of pre- and post -disaster response and relief operations

Contribution of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services to Risk Transfer products provider Government example – Crop / flood insurance – Agricultural and drought derivatives CAT Insurance/ Bonds Weather derivatives Private sector – Insurance for property and casualty – Micro-insurance – Catastrophe bonds for Tropical Cyclones, Earthquakes

WMO Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction Implementation through regional and national projects, with following end results: 1. Modernized NMHSs and observing networks. 2. Strengthened national operational multi-hazard early warning systems. 3. Strengthened hazard analysis and hydrometeorological risk assessment capacities. 4. Strengthened NMHSs cooperation with civil protection and disaster risk management agencies. 5. Trained management and staff of NMHS 6. Enhanced ministerial and public awareness

Strategic partnerships with ISDR System Partners are actively sought to leverage complementary capacities, expertise and funding for implementation of disaster risk reduction at national and regional levels.

Thank You For more information please contact: Maryam Golnaraghi, Ph. D. Chief of Disaster Risk Reduction Programme World Meteorological Organization Tel. 41. 22. 730. 8006 Fax. 41. 22. 730. 8023 Email. MGolnaraghi@WMO. int http: //www. wmo. int/disasters