World Environment Day Roundtable Forests: Nature at Your Service Geneva, 6 June 2011 Paola Deda UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Outline • Modern Wood Energy • Current Status & Trends • Outlook Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Outline • Modern Wood Energy • Current Status & Trends • Outlook Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Modern Wood Energy Carbon Neutral Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Modern Wood Energy Clean & Efficient Efficiency of biomass boilers CO Emissions of biomass boilers Source: FJ-BLT Wieselburg; Bioenergy 2020+ Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Modern Wood Energy Green Jobs & Rural Development Wood chips, Pellets, Logs Biomass district heating Wood energy contracting Heating oil Natural gas Source: Austrian Biomass Association Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Modern Wood Energy technology automatic pellet heating modern firewood boilers automatic wood chip boilers district heating combined biomass heat & power stations fuel pellets firewood chips whole trees typical installed capacity 5 -15 k. W 20 -40 k. W 50 -150 k. W 100 k. W-3 MW >1 MWel > 10 MWth users, customers single-family homes farm buildings public and commercial buildings domestic, public and commercial buildings fuel supply bulk delivery by a large number of fuel distributors usually harvested from own forest often by local farmers – forest owners partly by the cooperative members, partly form sawmills farmers & sawmills & other channels Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Outline • Modern Wood Energy • Current Status & Trends • Outlook Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Role of Wood Energy Source: UNECE/FAO, IEA Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Wood Energy per Capita Rural Population Source: UNECE/FAO, Forest Europe Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Wood Fuel Sources Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Wood Energy Sources Source: UNECE/FAO, IEA Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Wood Energy Uses Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Wood Energy Uses Source: UNECE/FAO, IEA Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Key Findings • Woody biomass is the most important single source of renewable energy in Europe, accounting for almost as much as hydro, wind, solar, geothermal and other biomass put together. • Direct wood fibre supply is the most important in the Balkan region, Russia and France. • Co-products and residues account for the bulk of wood energy supply patterns in Finland, Sweden, Slovakia, Austria. • Processed wood-based fuels important in UK, Netherlands, Italy. • Post-consumer recovered wood relevant in Germany, Ireland Switzerland. Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Outline • Modern Wood Energy • Current Status & Trends • Outlook Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
EU National Renewable Energy Action Plans • EU Member States were requested to submit National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) defining measures and strategies in order to reach their renewable energy 2020 binding target. • National targets are set for the share of renewable sources in three sectors: – Electricity – Heating and cooling – Transport • In the EU 27 Solid biomass will represent: – 11% of total final energy consumption (electricity, H&C) by 2020 – or 42% of renewable energy consumption (electricity, H&C) by 2020 Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
EU 27 Share of solid biomass in 2005 and 2020 Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
EU 27 Wood energy consumption: past trends and targets Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood – team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N. : Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J. : Landscape care wood; SAAL, U. : Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K. : Policy options; JONSSON, R. EFSOS calculations) Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
EU 27 Wood Demand Balance For energy use For material use 2030 2020 2010 Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood – team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N. : Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J. : Landscape care wood; SAAL, U. : Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K. : Policy options; JONSSON, R. EFSOS calculations) Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Wood biomass demand supply, 2010 -2030, EU 27 Source: MANTAU, Wood resource balance, EUwood – team 2010 (VERKERK/LINDNER/ANTTILA/ASIKAINEN: EFISCEN forest resources and constraints; LEEK, N. : Post -consumer wood; OLDENBURGER J. : Landscape care wood; SAAL, U. : Industrial residues; MANTAU/SAAL: Wood industry; PRINS, K. : Policy options; JONSSON, R. EFSOS calculations) Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
EUWood Conclusion EUWood has shown that with a high mobilisation scenario, it is difficult, but not impossible, to supply, on a sustainable basis, enough wood to satisfy the needs of the industry and to meet the targets for renewable energy. On a medium mobilisation scenario, there would be enough wood to meet demand for 2020, but not for 2030. However, even to achieve the medium mobilisation will require long term commitment and investment, a comprehensive approach, numerous specific policy measures, and favourable framework conditions, many in areas not directly controlled by the forest sector policy makers. Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
A comprehensive approach is needed SUPPLY • Mobilise more wood from existing forests – Raise harvest levels – Use more parts of the tree (above ground and below ground biomass) • Increase supply of wood from outside the forest – Industry residues – Landscape care wood, trees outside the forest – Post consumer recovered wood • Expand forest area (short rotation coppice) • Increase imports from other regions DEMAND • Promote energy efficiency • Promote use of all renewables • Use wood more efficiently, in industry and for energy Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Challenges for Policymakers • Sustainably mobilise enough wood to reach renewable energy targets • Balance carbon sequestration with substitution of non-renewables with wood-based materials and energy • Maintain wood supply for other forest sectors (pulp, paper, panels, furniture) • Respect biodiversity while increasing mobilisation • Define sustainability criteria for local and imported wood energy Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
European Forest Sector Outlook Study (EFSOS) • EFSOS analyses the complex, international and long-term consequences of four policy choices and their trade-offs • Policy Scenarios: – – Promoting Wood Energy Maximising Carbon Priority to Biodiversity Fostering Innovation and Competitiveness • Launch of EFSOS at the joint TC/EFC session in Antalya, Turkey (1014 October 2011) together with the Action Plan on the Role of Forests in the Green Economy Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
Thank You! Paola Deda Chief email: paola. deda@unece. org tel: +41(0)22 917 2553 UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section Palais des Nations CH-1211 Genève www. unece. org/timber Paola Deda, UNECE/FAO Forestry & Timber Section
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