Workshop on Satellite Data Applications and Information Extraction

Workshop on Satellite Data Applications and Information Extraction University of Wisconsin-Madison, SSEC August 20 -21, 2003 Kathleen Strabala Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies University of Wisconsin-Madison

Terra Launched: Dec. 18, 1999 10: 30 am ascending ASTER: Hi-res imager CERES: Broadband scanner MISR: Multi-view imager MODIS: Multispectral imager MOPITT: Limb sounder

Aqua Launched: May 4, 2002 1: 30 pm descending AIRS: Infrared sounder AMSR-E: Microwave scanner AMSU: Microwave scanner CERES: Broadband scanner HSB: Microwave sounder MODIS: Multispectral imager

MODIS, AIRS, AMSU, HSB are included in IMAPP AIRS- Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Measurements: Atmospheric temperature and humidity; land sea surface temperatures; cloud properties; radiative energy flux Properties: Measures simultaneously in more than 2, 300 spectral channels in the range of 0. 4 to 1. 7 µm and 3. 4 to 15. 4 µm Sponsor: NASA JPL Developer: Lockheed Martin URL: http: //www-airs. jpl. nasa. gov/ Instruments On Board Aqua CERES will not be included in IMAPP MODIS-Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Measurements: Cloud properties; radiative energy flux; aerosol properties; land cover and land use change; vegetation dynamics; land surface temperature; fire occurrence; volcanic effects; sea surface temperature; ocean color; snow cover; atmospheric temperature and humidity; sea ice Properties: Views in 36 spectral bands from 0. 4 to 14 µm Sponsor: NASA GSFC Developer: Raytheon (Santa Barbara Remote Sensing) URL: http: //ltpwww. gsfc. nasa. gov/MODIS AMSR/E- Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS AMSU-Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit Measurements: CERES- Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Measurements: Atmospheric temperature and humidity Cloud properties; radiative energy flux; Energy System Properties: Senses in 15 discrete channels in the range of 50 to 89 GHz Measurements: Radiative energy flux precipitation; land surface wetness; sea ice; Sponsor: NASA GSFC Developer: Aerojet Properties: Two sensor, one scanning cross track, snow cover; sea surface temp. ; sea surface URL: http: //www. aerojet. com/Weapon_Systems/Earth_Sensing/AMSU/ the other scanning azimuthally view in wind fields three channels per scanner: shortwave New AMSU info URL: http: //orbit-net. nesdis. noaa. gov/crad/st/amsuclimat Properties: (0. 3 to 5 µm), longwave (8 to 12 µm), and "total" (0. 3 to > 50 µm) Views in 12 channels at six discrete HSB- Humidity Sounder for Brazil Sponsor: NASA La. RC frequencies in the range of 6. 9 to 89 GHz Measurements: Atmospheric humidity Developer: TRW Space & Electronics Group Sponsor: NASDA of Japan Properties: Measures in 5 discrete channels in the range of 150 to 183 MHz URL: http: //asd-www. larc. nasa. gov/ceres/ Developer: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation ASDceres. html Sponsor: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Brazil URL: http: //wwwghcc. msfc. nasa. gov/AMSR Developer: Matra Marconi Space

MODIS Reflective Band Specifications

MODIS Emissive Band Specifications

AIRS Instrument Suite • AIRS, in conjunction with its companion instrument AMSU, provides a unprecedented suite of instruments for weather and climatologically studies – AIRS is a hyperspectral IR spectral photometer • 2378 IR channels • AIRS also has 4 Visible/NIR channels (8 x 9 pixels per AIRS spot) – AMSU-A is a MW temperature sounder with 15 channels – Combining Level-1 B data from AIRS-suite instruments you can retrieve cloud-cleared IR radiances and physical parameters including: • Cloud cover & height • Surface temperature & type • Profiles of: T, q, trace gasses

Climate Studies • EOS Satellites primary mission is to understand earth’s climate and identify the causes of climate change. • DAAC products are doing just that.

TERRA MODIS NIGHTTIME 4 mm SST MODIS/OCEAN GROUP GSFC, RSMAS -2 5 MAY 2001 10 15 o 20 25 30 35 V 3. 3. 1 C

Cloud Optical Thickness (M. D. King, S. Platnick, M. Gray, E. Moody, et al) Level-3 Monthly April 2001 tc 20 16 12 8 4 0

Cloud Effective Particle Radius (M. D. King, S. Platnick, M. Gray, E. Moody, et al. ) Level-3 Monthly April 2001 re(µm) 40 34 28 22 16 10 4

NH summer 2001 NH winter 2001/02 Seasonal percentage high clouds (<400 mb) from Terra MODIS

Terra MODIS global water vapor product Sliding 8 -day mean

Near Real-time Data and Products • Direct readout Terra and Aqua data and products have proven useful too. • IMAPP (International MODIS/AIRS Processing Package) allows users with X-band receivers to calibrate, geolocate and create science data products in near-real time. • Current suite: MODIS data Calibration, geolocation, cloud mask, cloud properties (height, temperature, emissivity, phase), atmospheric profiles (T, q, total precipitable water vapor, stability indices. )

EOS Direct Broadcast at SSEC Objective: Routine acquisition and processing of EOS direct broadcast data (NASA HQ funding). Accomplishments: • System installed August 5, 2000. • Level-1 B data and browse images have been produced automatically since January, 2001 and made available via anonymous FTP, DODS server, and Web. • IMAPP software package for processing MODIS direct broadcast data now in use in USA, UK, Germany, Russia, Japan, China, Korea, Singapore, Australia. Level-2 algorithms (cloud mask, atm. profiles, cloud height).

EOS Direct Broadcast Groundstation Tera. Scan SX-EOS 4. 4 m antenna: First data acquired 2000/08/18 Overpass prediction 2000/10/13

International MODIS/AIRS Processing Package Goal: Transform direct broadcast Level-0 data (initially from MODIS) to calibrated & geolocated radiances (Level-1 B) and science data products (Level-2). Features: • Ported to a range of platforms (IRIX, Sun. OS, AIX, HPUX, Linux), • The only required tool kit is NCSA HDF 4, • Processing environment is greatly simplified, • Downlinked or definitive ephemeris/attitude data may be used, • Passes of arbitrary size may be processed, • Available at no cost; licensed under GNU GPL, Available from: http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/~gumley/IMAPP/

http: //eosdb. ssec. wisc. edu/modisdirect/

CIMSS Near-Real Time IMAPP automated processing applications: · MODIS L 1 B and science product validation · Testing of MODIS algorithm product changes · Quick look true-color images for identifying regions of spectral or meteorological interest · Support for field experiments

Example IMAPP Aqua Quicklook Image: Southwest US 19 Aug. 2003

Global Community MODIS IMAPP applications: · MODIS calibration validation over Lake Tahoe, USA. · Providing USA Weather Service forecasters with near real-time high spatial resolution imagery and products (SPORT). · Aiding the Canadian Ice Service in monitoring the amount of ice on Hudson Bay for shipping concerns. · Supplying cloud information from IMAPP as part of the European CLOUDMAP 2 project.

Simon Hook’s (JPL) Mk. IV Raft on Lake Tahoe with Radiometer, Meteorological Station and Temperature Loggers MODIS radiances are sent automatically for every Tahoe pass

Near Future IMAPP applications: MODIS products SST Aerosol Snow cover/Lake Ice Surface reflectance Scene classification Cloud optical properties AIRS Sounding System Software: • L 1 B AIRS (Release end of October), AMSU, HSB, AMSR-E • AIRS L 2 products release beginning of 2004 • Utilities to collocate MODIS/AIRS pixels • Eventually combined MODIS/AIRS products

MODIS Cloud Mask (left) & Phase (right) MODIS Cloud Top Pressure MODIS Total Precipitable Water CIMSS/SSEC DB Coverage AIRS IR Window BT Images AIRS Water Vapor BT Images MODIS True Color Image

Enough Talking. Let’s look at Data!! http: //wwwghcc. msfc. nasa. gov/sport_observations. html http: //eosdb. ssec. wisc. edu/modisdirect/ http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/db_products/