Work Zone Safety and Mobility Issues and Mitigation Module 2
Work Zone Safety and Mobility Issues and Mitigation Why we should care about work zones n Extent of work zones n Potential negative consequences of work zones n General work zone mitigation strategies n WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 2
Why We Should Care About Work Zones n Potential economic disruption n Impair quality of life n Potential to jeopardize safety n Problem is not temporary n New reality: System management & operations n Growth in capital expenditures WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 3
Why We Should Care About Work Zones WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 4
Why We Should Care About Work Zones U. S. Freight Shipment by Mode 70 60 Truck (private and forhire) 50 Multi-modal 40 Water 30 Air (including truck & air) 20 Rail (including truck & rail) 10 0 Value Tons Ton-miles WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation Pipeline Other & unknown 5
Work Zones: Scope and Scale WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 6
Work Zones: Scope and Scale n Exposure: Numbers and Mileage from 2001 Snapshot WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 7
Work Zones: Scope and Scale n Exposure: NHS estimate from 2003 Snapshot WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 8
Work Zones: Scope and Scale Exposure: Part of the Driving Experience n Over 11 billion VMT through construction n One active WZ encountered per 100 miles driven on the NHS, representing over 12 billion hours of vehicle exposure nationally; half involve lane closures WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 9
Amount of Activity (1994 -2008) WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 10
Negative Consequences of Work Zones n Lost 60 million veh/hr capacity during 2 week period n Responsible for: 24% of non-recurring freeway delay ¨ 10% of all congestion ¨ n 2 nd leading cause of public dissatisfaction with transportation (behind poor traffic flow) WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 11
Negative Consequences of Work Zones Safety n About 40, 000 injuries annually n 720 fatalities in 2008 ¨ 667 n in 2009 More than 85% of fatalities are motorists and passengers WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 12
Negative Consequences of Work Zones Highway Worker Safety n n ~ 120 workers killed annually Occupational injury rates: 8 times all workers (average) ¨ Double (2 x) other construction workers ¨ WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 13
Negative Consequences of Work Zones US Work Zone Fatalities (1995 – 2008) WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 14
Minnesota Data n Work Zone Fatalities ¨ 2006 – 17 (494 total) ¨ 2007 – 20 (510 total) ¨ 2008 – 9 (455 total) ¨ 2009 – 20 (421 total) ¨ 2010 - ? n Fatality rate is 0. 74 compared to national rate of 1. 16 WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 15
Can we do better?
Improvement Strategies Meet the challenge systematically n Improve driver performance n Reduce work zone risk factors n Reduce mobility impacts n Reduce exposure n WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 17
Strategy: Meet the Challenge Systematically n n n Develop/implement policies Integrate policies into business procedures (SMS, design, etc) Monitor performance Collect & analyze data; make improvements Improve human capital Forge effective partnerships WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 18
Integrate Work Zone Policies into Procedures WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 19
Strategy: Meet the Challenge Systematically Improve Human Capital n Work zone value chain: o o o n Development Design Implementation Operation Inspection Enforcement Training geared toward improved decisions WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 20
Strategy: Meet the Challenge Systematically Forge Effective Partnerships n n n Major employers Advocacy groups n Neighborhood Business/merchants associations Cities/local n Transit agencies government n Transportation Emergency response management agencies associations Legislative/political n Utilities offices WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 21
Strategy: Improve Driver Performance n Driver education n Compliance WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 22
Improve Driver Performance: Driver Education n Campaigns and Slogans ¨ “Give em’ a Brake” ¨ “Slow Down, My Daddy Works Here” ¨ Newspaper, Radio, Television, PSAs WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 23
Improve Driver Performance: Driver Education Work Zone Awareness Week n n 2010 theme: Work zones need our undivided attention Raise awareness Provide drivers tips for driving safely through work zones Recognize those who have died in work zones WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 24
Improve Driver Performance: Driver Education Key messages of “Turning Point” teen driver program: n n n Know what work zone signs mean. Pay attention to other drivers. Stay focused & avoid distractions. Expect the unexpected. Keep your cool. Be patient. WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 25
Improve Driver Performance: Driver Education Work zone safety info in drivers’ manuals n Introduce work zone TTC devices n Provide guidance on proper driving techniques n WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 26
Improve Driver Performance: Compliance n n Display TTC devices visibly Improve credibility of signs Enforcement of traffic laws in work zones Increased penalties in work zones WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 27
Improve Driver Performance: Compliance Example of Increased Fines WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 28
Improve Driver Performance: Compliance Enforcement n n n Officers on general patrol Officers dedicated/assigned to project Automated speed enforcement WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 29
Improve Driver Performance: Compliance Example: Illinois Photo Speed Enforcement n n Workers present Work zone is signed No time of day restrictions Work zone fine structure applies WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 30
Strategy: Reduce Work Zone Risk Factors n n n n Confusing Information Sources Distractions Roadside Hazards Lack of Positive Guidance Queues Conflicts (construction, pedestrians, access) Inattentive Driving Aggressive Driving WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation Design Drivers 31
Strategy: Reduce Mobility Impacts Manage demand (major projects) n Maintain and augment capacity n WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 32
Strategy: Reduce Work Zone Exposure Reduce duration n Reduce number n Reduce traffic volumes n Get In; Get Out; Stay Out! WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 33
Summary n Existing facilities subject to increasingly intense use n WZs can reduce capacity, access, modal connectivity & safety n Key customer service factor n WZ management is a key element in mobility and safety strategies WZ Safety & Mobility Issues & Mitigation 34
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