Word formation 1 Lesson 5 B CLASSIFYING

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Word formation 1 Lesson 5 B

CLASSIFYING GRAMMAR

CLASSIFYING MORPHOLOGY

THE OVERALL PICTURE

swim • CONVERSION • when a word changes its word class to swim (verb) a swim (noun)

CONVERSION • to rain • to bicycle a bicycle • to cheat a cheat

CNN, NATO • ACRONYMS • initials which are pronounced as single words

ping-pong, teeny-weeny • REDUPLICATION • a lexeme with two identical, or very similar, constituents

motel, brunch, heliport • BLENDING • when a word is made out of shortened forms of other words • BR-eakfast + l-UNCH = BRUNCH

BLENDING • motel • mo-tor? + ho-tel • heliport • heli-copter + air-port

gas • CLIPPING • when a word of more than one syllable is reduced to a shorter form gasoline gas

CLIPPING hamburger delicatessen deli microphone mike

edit, televise, demo • BACK FORMATION • When a word of one type is reduced to form a word of a different type editor edit

BACK FORMATION • television televise • demonstration demo

Aussie • HYPOCORISM • A longer word is reduced to a single syllable and then -y or -ie is added • Australian Auss + -ie Aussie

HYPOCORISM • moving picture move + ie movie

quack, woof • ONOMATOPEIA • When a word is created to sound like thing it names

Darwinian • EPONYM • when a word is derived from the name of a person

EPONYMY • Buzz Lightyear is derived from Buzz Aldrin the astronaut • Garibaldi biscuits were marketed in England after Garibaldi’s visit (and you can still buy them)

nylon, aspirin • COINAGE • the invention of a totally new word This often occurs with scientific names and trade names of new products

Quiz (1) • • vet = clipping fantabulous = blending (fantastic + fabulous) Google = coinage (a new invention) to Google (vb) = conversion from Google (noun) doc = clipping (from doctor) zig-zag =reduplication fahrenheit = eponym

Quiz (2) • • ‘Sob!’ = onomatopeia hankie = hypocorism AIDS = acronymy to biograph = back-formation from biography (noun) • infotainment = blending (information + entertainment) • to party = conversion from party (noun)

INITIALISMS Acronomy • When the form is pronounced as a single word (NATO, AIDS) Alphabetism • When the form is pronounced by its letters (BBC, CNN)

INITIALISMS IN TEXT MESSAGES (1) • Initials used as WORDS N no G grin Q queue Y yes

INITIALISMS IN TEXT MESSAGES (2) • Initials used for elements in COMPOUND WORDS GF girlfriend DL download W/E weekend

INITIALISMS IN TEXT MESSAGES (3) • Initials used for words in PHRASES CWOT complete waste of time IMO in my opinion NP no problem

INITIALISMS IN TEXT MESSAGES (4) • Initials used for words in ELLIPTICAL or WHOLE SENTENCES JK Just kidding SWDYT So what do you think? CMB Call me back

INITIALISMS IN TEXT MESSAGES (5) • Initials used for words in EXCLAMATIONS OMG Oh my God! YYSSW Yeah, yeah, sure, whatever !

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