Winston Churchill by Khoreva Maria
CHILDHOOD Sir Winston Churchill was born on 30 th November 1874 in Blenheim Palace, the ancestral estate of the aristocratic family of Marlborough, located not far from Woodstock (Oxfordshire). His father was famous politician Lord Randolph Henry Spenser Churchill.
EDUCATION Churchill's earliest exposure to education occurred in Dublin, where a governess tried teaching him reading, writing, and arithmetic. He was educated at three independent schools: St. George's School, Brunswick School in Hove, and at Harrow School. Within weeks of his arrival at Harrow, Churchill had joined the Harrow Rifle 1
MILITARY SERVICE -In 1895, during the Cuban War of Independence, Churchill went to Cuba to observe the Spanish fight the Cuban guerrillas; Churchill had two habits from Cuba through all his life: siesta and cigars. -In early October 1896 Churchill came to Bangalore. It was in Bangalore he met Pamela Plowden, daughter of a civil servant; she became his first love. Later, Churchill fought against a Pashtun tribe in the North West Frontier of India under the command of General Jeffery, the commander of the second brigade operating in Malakand. -Churchill was transferred to Egypt in 1898. He visited Luxor before joining an attachment of the 21 st Lancers serving in the Sudan under the command of General. Herbert Kitchener. While in the Sudan, he participated in what has been described as the last meaningful British cavalry charge, at the. Battle of Omdurman in September 1898. -On 12 October 1899, the Second Boer War between Britain and the Boer Republics broke out and he obtained a commission to act as war correspondent for The Morning Post with a salary of £ 250 per month. He rushed to sail on the same ship as the newly appointed British commander, Sir Redvers Buller.
EARLY POLITICAL CAREER -Churchill wins the “race” for the seat of Oldham at the 1900 general election. -On 31 th May 1904 Winston joins British Liberal Party -Churchill gets a place of Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies on 12 th December 1905 -Winston Churchill was promoted to the Cabinet as President of the Board of Trade in 1908 -On 14 th February 1910 in the age of 35 Churchill was promoted to Home-Secretary -October 1911. Prime Minister Asquith offers Churchill to take a place of First Lord of the Admiralty. Churchill accepts the offer
WORLD WAR I -On 5 th October 1914 Churchill arrives to Antwerp and heads the defense by himself -As the chief of Landships Committee, Winston Churchill participated in the development of the first tanks and the creation of Panzer troops -In 1915 Churchill becomes one of the authors of Gallipoli Campaign, which was a great fiasco for Antanta. On 15 th November Churchill rresigns and goes to the Western Front where as a Colonel he commanded the 6 th battalion of the Royal Scottish Fusiliers. - In 1917 Churchill was promoted to Armaments Minister/ Later in 1918 he was promoted to the Minister of War and the Minister of Aviation.
WORLD WAR II THE PRIME MINISTER The appointment of Churchill as Prime Minister on 10 th May 1940 was preceded by the resignation of Lord Halifax on the actual desire. Many historians and contemporaries considered the most important merit of Churchill's determination to continue the war until victory, despite the fact that several members of his Cabinet, including foreign Minister Lord Halifax, advocated attempt at reaching agreements with Nazi Germany. In his first speech, delivered on may 13 in the House of Commons as Prime Minister, Churchill said: I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat
WORLD WAR II ALLIES 12 August 1941 aboard the battleship "Prince of Wales" is the meeting of Churchill and Roosevelt. Within three days the policy has developed the text of the Atlantic Charter. 13 August 1942, Churchill flew to Moscow to meet with Stalin, and the signing of the anti-Hitler Charter. 1943 — Tehran conference. From 9 to 19 October 1944 Churchill is in Moscow for talks with Stalin, who proposed to divide Europe into spheres of influence, however, the Soviet side, judging from the transcript of the negotiations, rejected these initiatives, calling them "dirty". 1945 — the Yalta conference. 1945 — the Potsdam conference.
AFTER WORLD WAR II 1 January 1946 king George VI gave Churchill an honorary order of Merit. After the defeat in the elections on 5 July 1945 Churchill officially the leader of the opposition, but in fact was inactive and regularly attended meetings of the chamber. However, he was intensely engaged in literary activities; the status of global celebrity helped to conclude a number of major contracts with periodic publications such as Life magazine, the Daily Telegraph and The New York Times, and a number of leading publishers. On 5 March 1946 at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, USA) Churchill gave became famous it was Fulton speech, which is considered to be the starting point of the "cold war". September 19, speaking at the University of Zurich, Churchill gave a speech where he called on former enemies — Germany, France and Britain — to reconciliation and the creation of a "United States of Europe". In 1947 asked the Senator Stiles Bridge to persuade the U. S. President Harry Truman to make a preemptive nuclear strike on the USSR, which "would be erased from the face of the earth" the Kremlin and would turn the Soviet Union into a "minor problem". Otherwise, in his opinion, the USSR would have attacked the US in 2 -3 years after obtaining a nuclear bomb
DEATH AND FUNERAL Churchill died on 24 January 1965 from a stroke. Plan his burial, code-named "Hope not", has been developed over many years. The funeral of Churchill became the largest-scale state funeral in the history of the UK. Within three days were open to the coffin with the body of the deceased, erected in Westminster-hall ─ oldest part of the building of the British Parliament. In accordance with the policy wish he was buried in the family burial family Spencer. Churchill at the cemetery of the Church of St. Martin in Bladon, near Blenheim Palace — the place of his birth. The burial ceremony took place on a scenario written in advance by Churchill. Burial was made in the narrow circle of the family and a few very close friends. When entering Blaydon hearse met the boys from the surrounding villages, each of them carried a huge candle. The pastor of the parish Church of the said Liturgy, after which the coffin was lowered into the grave, on which is laid a wreath of roses, gladioli and lilies gathered in a nearby valley. The inscription made by hand on the ribbon of the wreath, said: "From a grateful homeland the British Commonwealth of Nations. Elizabeth R". In 1965 in Westminster Abbey was erected the monument to Churchill work of Reynolds Stone
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