Winston Churchill 30 11 1874 — 24 01

Winston Churchill 30. 11. 1874 - 24. 01. 1965 BELSKIY S. PNB-101

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Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill -was a British politician, best known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War.

Biography The Right Honourable Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1874 -1965), the son of Lord Randolph Churchill and an American mother, was educated at Harrow and Sandhurst. After a brief but eventful career in the army, he became a Conservative Member of Parliament in 1900. He held many high posts in Liberal and Conservative governments during the first three decades of the century. At the outbreak of the Second World War, he was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty - a post which he had earlier held from 1911 to 1915. In May, 1940, he became Prime Minister and Minister of Defence and remained in office until 1945. He took over the premiership again in the Conservative victory of 1951 and resigned in 1955. However, he remained a Member of Parliament until the general election of 1964, when he did not seek re-election. Queen Elizabeth II conferred on Churchill the dignity of Knighthood and invested him with the insignia of the Order of the Garter in 1953. Among the other countless honours and decorations he received, special mention should be made of the honorary citizenship of the United States which President Kennedy conferred on him in 1963. 


Childhood Winston Churchill was born November 30, 1874 at the family estate of the Dukes of Marlborough Palace Blenheym. Otets Churchill - Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill, the third son of the 7 th Duke of Marlborough, was a prominent politician, MP for the Conservative Party, he served as Chancellor of the Exchequer. Mother Lady Randolph Churchill, née Jennie Jerome (born Jennie Jerome), was the daughter of a wealthy American businessman. As a father, a busy political career, and his mother, absorbed in secular life, paid little attention to his son. Since 1875 child care was given to the nurse Elizabeth Ann Everest (born Elizabeth Anne Everest). She truly loved pupil and was one of the closest people to Churchill. [4] When Churchill was eight years old, he was sent to prep school in St. George. The school practiced corporal punishment, and Winston, constantly violated discipline, they are often subjected to. After regular visits to the nurse on the body of a boy found traces of a crime, she immediately told his mother, and was transferred to the school nurses Thomson in Brighton. Academic success, especially after the transfer had been satisfactory, but the behavior of certification reads: Number of students in the class - 13. Place - 13 th.

Literary career Churchill's literary career began with campaign reports: The Story of the Malakand Field Force (1898) and The River War (1899), an account of the campaign in the Sudan and the Battle of Omdurman. In 1900, he published his only novel, Savrola, and, six years later, his first major work, the biography of his father, Lord Randolph Churchill. His other famous biography, the life of his great ancestor, the Duke of Marlborough, was published in four volumes between 1933 and 1938. Churchill's history of the First World War appeared in four volumes under the title of The World Crisis (1923 -29); his memoirs of the Second World War ran to six volumes (19481953/54). After his retirement from office, Churchill wrote a History of the English-speaking Peoples (4 vols. , 1956 -58). His magnificent oratory survives in a dozen volumes of speeches, among them The Unrelenting Struggle (1942), The Dawn of Liberation (1945), and Victory (1946).

Portrayal in film and television Churchill has been portrayed in film and television on more than 100 occasions. Portrayals of Churchill include Dudley Field Malone (An American in Paris, 1951); Peter Sellers (The Man Who Never Was, 1956); Richard Burton (Winston Churchill: The Valiant Years, 1961); Simon Ward ("Young Winston", 1972); Warren Clarke (Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill, 1974); Wensley Pithey (Edward and Mrs Simpson, 1978); William Hootkins (The Life and Times of David Lloyd George, 1981); Robert Hardy (War and Remembrance, 1989); Timothy West (Hiroshima TV film 1990); Albert Finney ("The Gathering Storm" 2002); Ian Mune ("Ike: Countdown to D-Day", 2004); Rod Taylor (Inglourious Basterds, 2009); Brendan Gleeson (Into the Storm, 2009); Ian Mc. Neice (Doctor Who "Victory of the Daleks "The Pandorica Opens"; "The Wedding of River Song" in 2010 and 2011); Timothy Spall

Retirement and death In the 1959 General Election Churchill's majority fell by more than a thousand, since many young voters in his constituency did not support an 85 -year-old who could only enter the House of Commons in a wheelchair. As his mental and physical faculties decayed, he began to lose the battle he had fought for so long against the "black dog" of depression. There was speculation that Churchill may have had Alzheimer's disease in his last years, although others maintain that his reduced mental capacity was merely the result of a series of strokes. In 1963, US President John F. Kennedy, acting under authorisation granted by an Act of Congress, proclaimed him an Honorary Citizen of the United States, [222] but he was unable to attend the White House ceremony. Despite poor health, Churchill still tried to remain active in public life, and on St George's Day 1964, sent a message of congratulations to the surviving veterans of the 1918 Zeebrugge Raid who were attending a service of commemoration in Deal, Kent, where two casualties of the raid were buried in the Hamilton Road Cemetery. On 15 January 1965, Churchill suffered a severe stroke that left him gravely ill. He died at his London home nine days later, at age 90, on the morning of Sunday 24 January 1965, 70 years to the day after his father's death.

Interesting facts He took up painting during WW 1 and became an accomplished artist. He wrote 3 books, saw 4 wars on 4 continents and was elected to the House of Commons - all by the age of 26! He was almost killed in New York City in 1931 when he was hit by a car. During the Boer War (1899 -1902) he was captured and escaped. The Boers put a bounty of only 25 pounds on his head. In the House of Commons, he switched party affiliations - twice! On this he said, "Anyone can rat, but it takes a certain amount of ingenuity to re-rat. " He was Lord of the Admiralty at the beginning of WW 2. FDR at that time was Assistant Sec of the Navy in the US.

Churchill in military uniform, 1895. A young Winston Churchill on a lecture tour of the United States in 1900.

The River War was published in 1899. Churchill's election poster for the 1900 general election. He contested Oldham and won one of the seats.

Churchill's grave at St Martin's Church, Bladon

Statue of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Churchill in New Bond Street, London

Statue in Parliament Square, London