Wind Turbines Power for a House or City

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Wind Turbines: Power for a House or City *many slides from L. Sankar

Ready to Become a Significant Power Source Installed capacity = 35, 000 MW as of Dec 2009 (<1% national electricity). Source: Energy Information Agency With annual growth rates of ~30%, wind could generate 20% of nation’s electricity by 2020.

Wind is Growing Worldwide end 2007 MW new 2008 total MW Source: AWEA’s Global Market Report

Global Electricity Consumption: 5, 000 GW

U. S. Wind Power Capacity Growth: is the rollercoaster over?

Advantages of Wind Power • • Clean Flexible Large Potential for Growth Economically Viable (most of the time – peak opportunity)

Benefits of Wind Power Environmental • • No air pollution No greenhouse gasses Does not pollute water with mercury No water needed for operations

Benefits of Wind Power Economic Development • Expanding Wind Power development brings jobs to rural communities • Increased tax revenue • Purchase of goods & services

Benefits of Wind Power Fuel Diversity • Domestic energy source • Inexhaustible supply • Small, dispersed design reduces supply risk

Benefits of Wind Power Cost Stability • Flat-rate pricing can offer hedge against fuel price volatility risk (fuel is “free”!) • Electricity is inflation-proof

Wind Power Economics

Wind Power Cost of Energy Components Cost (¢/k. Wh) = (Capital Recovery Cost + O&M) / k. Wh/year – Capital Recovery = Debt and Equity Cost – O&M Cost = Turbine design, operating environment – k. Wh/year = Wind Resource

Construction Cost Elements

Cost Nosedive Driving Wind’s Success

Turbine Technology Constantly Improving • • Larger turbines Specialized blade design Power electronics Computer modeling produces more efficient design • Manufacturing improvements

How big is a 2. 0 MW wind turbine? This picture shows a Vestas V-80 2. 0 -MW wind turbine superimposed on a Boeing 747 JUMBO JET

Improved Capacity Factor • Capacity Factors Above 35% at Good Wind Sites – Performance Improvements due to: – Better siting – Larger turbines/energy capture – Technology Advances – Higher reliability Examples: Project Performance (Year 2000) Big Spring, Texas • 37% CF in first 9 months Springview, Nebraska • 36% CF in first 9 months

Offshore wind: a controversial gold mine of energy

“CAPE WIND”: stay tuned…

All offshore wind farms plagued by NIMBY concerns

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