Wind Farm Technology Is it the Answer National

Wind Farm Technology: Is it the Answer? National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA) 30 th Environmental and Energy Symposium & Exhibition 7 April 2004 Mike Hicks Vice President, Environmental Programs BMT Designers & Planners 1

Wind Industry Overview l Global wind power capacity grew from 7, 600 MW in 1997 to 31, 000 MW in 2002 l Targeted wind electric capacity of 100 GW in the U. S. by 2020 l Current wind energy generating cost is at 3 -5 cents per k. Wh BMT Designers & Planners 2

Worldwide Wind Energy Generation World Wind Leaders: 1. Germany 2. Spain 3. U. S. 4. Denmark 5. India BMT Designers & Planners 3

Why Wind Power? l Federal mandates l Energy security l Environmental benefits l Good wind resources l Cost competitive l Do. D opportunities BMT Designers & Planners 4

Federal Mandates and Initiatives l E. O. 13123 mandates a 35% cut in energy usage by 2010 and a 30% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions between 1990 and 2010. l E. O. 12902 mandates that Federal agencies implement renewable energy programs where practical. l Renewable energy assessment – a road map for Do. D to develop renewable energy resources “on or near” military bases in the U. S. BMT Designers & Planners 5

Do. D Wind Energy Assessment l Lead by Air Force for Do. D. l Approximately 20 sites have been selected for detailed wind data collection. l Assessment due to Congress in Summer 2004. BMT Designers & Planners 6

U. S. Wind Resources BMT Designers & Planners 7

Top 17 States with High Wind Energy Potential 1 North Dakota 11 Colorado 2 Texas 12 New Mexico 3 Kansas 13 Idaho 4 South Dakota 14 Michigan 5 Montana 15 New York 6 Nebraska 16 Illinois 7 Wyoming 17 California 8 Oklahoma 9 Minnesota 10 Iowa BMT Designers & Planners 8

Driving Costs Down Further l Advancement in turbine technology l Increasing demand for advanced wind systems BMT Designers & Planners 9

Do. D Opportunities for Wind Power l Emerging security requirements l Isolated locations l Emission reduction goals l Diversify fuel portfolio l Reduce fuel price volatility risk l Save money BMT Designers & Planners 10

Criteria for Developing Wind Energy l Sites with good wind resources l Facilities with high cost of electricity l Diesel oil and fuels are currently being transported to the site for power generation l Current power generation systems result in noncompliance with environmental regulations BMT Designers & Planners 11

Applications l Communication equipment l Navigation aids l Special military operation requirements l Pumping and irrigation systems l Desalination and water treatment systems BMT Designers & Planners 12

Environmental Benefits l Reduction in air emissions l Reduction in fuel consumption for power generation l Renewable and clean energy source BMT Designers & Planners 13

Environmental Concerns l Visual/aesthetic impact l Bird and avian mortality l Recreational activity impacts l Archaeological site impacts l Noise pollution l Potential effects on seabeds (offshore wind farms) l Navigation and oil spill risk l Marine mammal activity BMT Designers & Planners 14

San Clemente Island, CA • Navy Auxiliary Landing Field • U. S. Navy Island 52 miles off San Diego BMT Designers & Planners 15

San Clemente Island, CA l Total generating capacity of 675 -k. W (three 225 k. W NEG Micron turbines) l Provides 17% of the island’s electricity demand l Annual energy saving of $112, 000 l Electricity generating cost of 3 -4 cents/k. Wh l Reduction in diesel fuel usage of over 140, 000 Gal l Reduction in green house gas emissions: – Over 3 million lbs of CO 2 – Over 18, 000 lbs of CO – Over 85, 000 lbs of Nox – Over 5, 600 lbs of SO 2 – Over 6, 000 lbs of PM 10 BMT Designers & Planners 16

Ascension Island • U. S. Air Force installation on British Island • Located 500 miles south of the Equator in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean BMT Designers & Planners 17

Ascension Island l Four 225 -k. W wind generators l Electrical generation at a reduce output (0 -40 k. W) l Displacing 287, 000 Gal of diesel fuel l Annual saving of $350, 000 l Reduction in air emissions: – 2. 8 million lbs of CO 2 – 98, 000 lbs of NOx BMT Designers & Planners 18

Summary Wind energy presents a cost saving option when the price of fuel currently used is high and the wind resource is good. The remote location on many Do. D facilities validates the use of renewable energy in reducing the cost of fuel transportation. The benefits of environmental protection and long-term price stability will increase the utilization of wind farms by Do. D. Wind farms will definitely be part of the future Do. D energy solution. BMT Designers & Planners 19