Who Am I World History II SOL Review

Who Am I? World History II: SOL Review

Who Am I? l. I am the founder of the world’s largest religion. l I am viewed by followers as the Son of God. l The New Testament tells the story of my life and my teachings.

I Am: Jesus Christ

Who Am I? l. I was born in Mecca. l I founded my religion in Medina on the Arabian Peninsula. l My teachings are recorded in the Qur’an (Koran).

I Am: Muhammad

Who Am I? l Asoka’s missionaries spread the religion I founded from India to China and S. E. Asia. l I am known as Buddha. l I am the founder of Buddhism.

I Am: Siddhartha Gautama

Who Am I? l. I am a scientist, inventor, artist, and humanist. l I am considered the ultimate “renaissance man. ” l I painted the Mona Lisa, and the Last Supper.

I Am: Leonardo da Vinci

Who Am I? l. I thought of myself primarily as a sculptor, not a painter. l I worked for the Pope, painting the Sistine Chapel. l I sculpted the Statue of David in Florence.

I Am: Michelangelo

Who Am I? l. I am a Dutch teacher. l My writings combined humanism and Christian ideas. l I wrote “In Praise of Folly. ”

I Am: Erasmus

Who Am I? l. I am an English writer known for my plays, sonnets, and essays. l I wrote during the Elizabethan Era. l Some of my most famous works are “Romeo and Juliet”, “Mac. Beth”, and “Hamlet”.

I Am: William Shakespeare

Who Am I? l. I am a German monk who believed that salvation can be achieved through faith in God alone; I taught that The Bible is the ultimate authority in matters of faith. l I am the founder of the first Protestant Church who was preceded by dissenters such as John Huss and John Wycliffe. l I challenged the Catholic Church when I posted my 95 Thesis on the door of the church in Wittenberg, Germany.

I Am: Martin Luther

Who Am I? l. I set up what I thought to be the ideal Protestant community in Geneva, Switzerland. l I believed in hard work and thrift, ideals that go well with capitalism. l I preached the doctrine of predestination.

I Am: John Calvin

Who Am I? l. I founded a group of Catholic missionaries. l The organization I founded was dedicated to spreading Catholicism and the conversion of indigenous peoples in newly explored areas of the world (Latin America). l The organization I founded was called the Society of Jesus (a. k. a. the Jesuits).

I Am: Ignatius of Loyola

Who Am I? l. I appropriated the lands and wealth of the Roman Catholic Church in England. l I made myself the head of the national church in England. l I broke with the Catholic Church when the Pope would not give me a divorce from my wife, whom I believed could not give me a son and heir.

I Am: Henry VIII

Who Am I? l. I am known for beginning England’s age exploration and colonization. l I was known for my tolerance of dissenters and I made the Anglican Church the official Church of England. l My navy had a great victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588.

I Am: Elizabeth I

Who Am I? invention led to the Bible being translated into numerous languages. l My invention increased literacy at a phenomenal rate. l I invented the printing press. l My

I Am: Johann Gutenberg

Who Am I? l. I am a French Cardinal (I worked for the Pope) who was the chief advisor to many French kings. l I changed the focus of the Thirty Years War from religion to politics. l I worked to insure the absolute power of the French monarchy.

I Am: Cardinal Richelieu

Who Am I? l. I am a Portuguese ruler who started a school for sailors and sea captains. l I encouraged innovations in navigation. l I am often called “the Navigator. ”

I Am: Prince Henry (The Navigator)

Who Am I? l. I am a Portuguese sailor. l I was the first to round the Cape of Good Hope (Africa) and reach India. l I returned with spices from India that sold at 3000% times their investment.

I Am: Vasco da Gama

Who Am I? l. I am an Italian sailor, although I sailed for Spain. l I was sent to find a new route to India. l I am credited with “discovering” the “New World” and the trade that occurred between the new world and Europe was named after me.

I Am: Christopher Columbus

Who Am I? l. I am the man who followed Columbus to the new world in 1520. l I am a Spanish conquistador who explored Central America. l I came for gold, and wiped out the Aztec people in what is today Mexico with European guns and diseases (smallpox & measles).

I Am: Hernando (Hernan) Cortez

Who Am I? l. I followed Cortez (Cortes) to the “New World. ” l I am a Spanish conquistador who was particularly brutal in the way I treated the indigenous American peoples in the Andes Mountains of South America. l My conquest resulted in the death of most of the Incas in what is now the country of Peru.

I Am: Francisco Pizarro

Who Am I? l. I am a Portuguese captain. l I was killed shortly before my famous voyage ended. l I was credited with being the first captain to circumnavigate (sail around) the globe.

I Am: Ferdinand Magellan

Who Am I? l. I am an English sailor. l I was the first famous English sailor, and began the age of British dominance on the high seas. l I was the first Englishman, second captain, credited with circumnavigating (sailing around) the globe.

I Am: Sir Frances Drake

Who Am I? l. I am a French sailor. l I opened up a huge fur trade between the “New World” and France, and set up the trading colonies of Quebec and Montreal. l I navigated the St. Lawrence River and am credited with establishing a French presence in the “New World. ”

I Am: Jacques Cartier

Who Am I? l. I am a Polish scientist. l I was criticized and threatened by the Pope for going against the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. l I developed the heliocentric (sun centered) theory of the universe.

I Am: Nicolaus Copernicus

Who Am I? l. I am an English scientist. l I validated many new ideas in the fields of physics and calculus, and began the scientific age in doing so. l I discovered the Laws of Gravity.

I am: Sir Isaac Newton

Who Am I? l. I was an English scientist who studied the heart and circulatory system. l I was the personal physician to the King of England, despite my controversial views on how the human body functioned. l I discovered and documented the circulation of blood in the human body.

I am: William Harvey

Who Am I? l. I was an Italian scientist. l I used the telescope to support new ideas about the universe (most notably the heliocentric theory). l I recanted my work when I was put on trial by the Pope for heresy.

I am: Galileo Galilei

Who Am I? l. I am a scientist from what is today called Germany. l I am chiefly remembered for discovering the laws of planetary motion. l I am called the “Father of Modern Astronomy. ”

I am: Johannes Kepler

Who Am I? l. I was a French absolute monarch who called myself the “Sun King. ” l I was quoted as saying “The state, it is I. ” l I built a grand palace at Versailles as a symbol of my royal power.

I am: Louis XIV (the 14 th)

Who Am I? l. I was a Russian absolute monarch. l I was a Romanov Czar, who built my “window to the west” at St. Petersburg). l I sought to westernize Russia as my top priority ( including warm water ports).

I am: Peter the Great

Who Am I? l. I was the leader of the Roundheads during the English Civil war. l I led a rebellion against the Stuart King (Charles I), and eventually had him executed. l I was the leader of the Puritan government called the Commonwealth of England.

I am: Oliver Cromwell

Who AM I? l The Puritans led by Oliver Cromwell fought with me over taxes. l I signed the Petition of Right. l I lost my throne and my head in the English Revolution (Civil War).

I am: Charles I of England

Who Are We? l We were from the House of Stuart (Scotland/ England) and from the House of Orange (Holland). l We signed the English Bill of Rights. l We became the first limited monarchs who took the throne in what came to be called the Glorious Revolution.

We are: William and Mary

Who Am I? wrote the book Leviathan. l I believed that humans exist in a primitive “state of nature” and consent to government for self-protection. l I believed that government must have strong central authority to manage behavior. l. I

I am: Thomas Hobbes

Who Am I? wrote Two Treatises on Government. l I did not believe in divine right, rather, I believed that the people were sovereign. l I believed in the natural rights of life, liberty, and property, and greatly influenced Thomas Jefferson’s writing of the Declaration of Independence. l. I

I am: John Locke

Who Am I? l. I greatly influenced the way the US government was set up in the U. S. Constitution. l I wrote The Spirit of Laws. l I believed that the best form of government involved three branches and a separation of powers.

I am: Baron Montesquieu

Who Am I? l. I was a French philosophe who wrote the The Social Contract. l I believed that the best government is a direct democracy. l I believed that government is a contract between the rulers and the people, and could be broken if the terms of the contract were violated.

I am: Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Who Am I? l. I was a French philosophe who wrote Candide. l I believed that religious toleration should triumph over religious fanaticism, and that there should be a separation of church and state. l My ideas of freedom of speech and freedom of religion influenced the U. S. Bill of Rights.

I am: Voltaire

Who Am I? l. I was a writer during Spain’s Golden Age. l I pioneered a new art form called the novel, that made fun of Spanish tradition and the nobility. l I wrote Don Quixote, the first modern novel.

I am: Miguel de Cervantes

Who Am I? l. I am a German composer. l I was known for my moody compositions, which were considered the epitome of the Baroque era. l I wrote many church compositions with religious themes.

I am: Johann Sebastian Bach

Who Am I? l. I am an Austrian composer. l I am widely considered the greatest composer of all time… I began composing major works before the age of 10. l By the age of 21 I had written over 300 works, and I died at the age of 35.

I am: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Who Am I? l. I am a famous French Painter. l I painted in the baroque style and was a master of French Romantic art. I included real topics and public events in my art. l I painted Liberty Leading the People.

I am: Eugene Delacroix

Who Am I? l. I am the most radical leader of the French Revolution. l I led the Committee of Public Safety which conducted the Reign of Terror. l My execution by guillotine marked the end of the radical phase of the French Revolution.

I am: Maximilian Robespierre

Who Am I? l. I am a French leader who became famous as a general. I rose to power as emperor after the French Revolution. l I tried (unsuccessfully) to unify Europe under French domination and the legal code which bears my name. l I was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo by the Duke of Wellington.

I am: Napoleon Bonaparte

Who Am I? l. I am the Austrian prince and diplomat who dominated the negotiations at the Congress of Vienna. l I worked to restore the balance of power and to Europe after the defeat of Napoleon. l I wanted to return the “legitimate” monarchs to their thrones after the defeat of Napoleon.

I am: Klemens von Metternich

Who Am I? l. I was greatly influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment and the American and French Revolutions. l Under my leadership, Haiti became the first colony in Latin America to win independence from Europe. l I led a slave revolt to win Haiti’s independence from France.

I am: Toussaint L’ Ouverture

Who Am I? l. I was greatly influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment and the American and French Revolutions. l I led several revolutions in Spanish colonies in South America. l The country of Bolivia was named in my honor. l I am called “the Liberator. ”

I am: Simon Bolivar

Who Am I? l. I was a Mexican priest. l I started the Mexican independence movement. l I am known as the “Father of Mexican Independence. ”

I am: Father Miguel Hidalgo

Who Am I? l In 1823, I issued a document warning the European powers that Latin America should not be considered for future colonization. l I declared that the Latin American countries were independent. l I stated that the U. S. would regard any attempt by the Europeans to colonize Latin America as a threat to U. S. peace and safety.

I am: President James Monroe

Who Am I? l. I served the Sardinian King Victor Emanuel and his chancellor Count Cavour as I unified the Italian states. l I am considered to be one of the greatest Italian patriots, because I gave up control of southern Italy once my “Redshirts” had taken control from the Hapsburgs. l I joined southern Italy to northern Italy.

I am: Giuseppe Garibaldi

Who Am I? l. I provoked the Franco-Prussian war because I wanted to take French land power. l I was the master of “realpolitik, ” which justifies all means to obtain and keep power. l I led Prussia in the unification of Germany through war and by appealing to nationalist feelings.

I am: Otto von Bismarck

Who Am I? l. I was an English industrialist. l I took another man’s invention and made it better. l I invented the new and improved steam engine that powered the first Industrial Revolution.

I am: James Watt

Who Am I? l. I was a British carpenter, who got the idea for my invention when I saw a spool of thread roll across the floor. l My invention could do the work of eight people. l I invented the spinning jenny.

I am: James Hargreaves

Who Am I? l. I was an American and one of the key inventors of the Industrial Revolution. l I hoped that my invention would reduce the demand for slave labor, but it greatly expanded the demand for cotton and slaves. l I invented the cotton gin.

I am: Eli Whitney

Who Am I? l. I was an English industrialist. l I developed the first process for massproducing steel inexpensively.

I am: Henry Bessemer

Who Am I? l. I was an English scientist. l I invented the idea of vaccination when I sought to cure cow pox. l I invented the vaccine for smallpox.

I am: Edward Jenner

Who Am I? l. I was a French scientist. l I developed a cure for rabies. l I discovered how to increase the world food supply (with milk, cheese, and other dairy products) by discovering and killing bacteria through a heating process that bears my name.

I am: Louis Pasteur

Who Am I? l. I am a British economist who stressed the importance of self-reliance and freedom. l I was considered the father of capitalism. l I wrote Wealth of Nations.

I am: Adam Smith

Who Am I? I was a German economist who worked with my partner Friedrich Engles. We predicted a conflict between the haves (bourgeoisie) and the have nots (proletariat). l I wrote The Communist Manifesto and Das Capital. l I am considered the father of communism, a political philosophy that is a reaction to the injustices of capitalism. l

I am: Karl Marx

Who Am I? l. I was the Kaiser of Germany during WWI. l I was the German leader who fired Otto von Bismarck, and tried to compete with England other European powers for colonies and military power. l My militaristic and nationalistic policies led to WWI, and I was forced to flee Germany after the armistice.

I am: Kaiser William II

Who Am I? l My assassination was the spark that started WWI. l I was the Archduke of Austria. l I was shot in Sarajevo.

I am: Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Who Am I? l. I was the President of the U. S. during WWI. l I proposed “peace without victory” in my Fourteen Points for Peace. l I urged the U. S. to enter the League of Nations after the war.

I am: Woodrow Wilson

Who Am I? l. I was the leader of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. l I came to power in Russia during World War I and ordered the execution of Czar Nicolas II. l I allowed some small-scale capitalism under my New Economic Policy as communism failed to produce a prosperous economy.

I am: Vladimir I. Lenin

Who Am I? l. I was Lenin’s successor as communist dictator of the USSR (Soviet Union). l I implemented 5 Year Plans that involved collectivization of farms, industrialization, and secret police terror. l I implemented the Great Purge which killed millions of my own countrymen.

I am: Joseph Stalin

Who Am I? l. I was the Italian leader who invaded Ethiopia. l I was the fascist leader of Italy. l I sought to restore the “glory of Rome” to a depressed Italy.

I am: Benito Mussolini

Who Am I? l. I led Germany out of a great depression that was the result of out of control inflation. l I was the leader who stirred German nationalist anger at the terms of the Treaty of Versailles (ended WWI) and I also stirred anti. Semitic feelings among Germans. l I was the leader of the National Socialist Party (Nazi) in Germany, and led Germany into WWII.

I am: Adolf Hitler

Who Am I? l. I came to power in Japan in 1926 and ruled until 1989. I was worshipped as a God. l I was the Emperor of Japan, who supported the attack on the United States.

I am: Emperor Hirohito

Who Am I? l. I was the military dictator of Japan during World War II. l I was the Japanese leader who saw conflict in Europe as an opportunity to grab land in Asia and the Pacific. l I am the Japanese General who ordered the attack on the American Navy base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.

I am: Hideki Tojo

Who Am I? l. I was the US President who persuaded Congress to sign into law the Lend-Lease Act, and I was the US representative at the Yalta Conference. l I was the US President who led the during the Great Depression. l I was the US President who led the US during WWII. I called the bombing of Pearl Harbor a “date that will live in infamy. ”

I am: Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)

Who Am I? l. I was a the man who described the Communist rule of Eastern Europe as an “Iron Curtain. ” l I was the British representative at the Yalta Conference. l I was the British Prime Minister during World War II.

I am: Winston Churchill

Who Am I? l. I took over the US Presidency after FDR died in office. l I formulated a policy that bears my name. It was a policy of “containment” of communism and aggression. l I am the only man ever to order the use of atomic weapons.

I am: Harry S. Truman

Who Am I? l. I was the Allied Commander in Europe during World War II. l I commanded the D-Day invasion of France. l I became president of the United States after the war.

I am: Dwight D. Eisenhower

Who Am I? l. I was U. S. general who served as the Supreme Commander of the Pacific during World War II. l I was ordered to retreat from the Philippines at the beginning of the war, but I vowed, “I shall return. ” l I oversaw the rebuilding of Japan during the U. S. occupation after WWII. l I was the commander of the United Nations forces in the Korean War.

I am: Douglas Mac. Arthur

Who Am I? l. I came up with an idea of how to stop the spread of communism in Europe after WWII. It bears my name. l My plan involved rebuilding European nations and giving them aid if they promised to reject communism.

I am: George Marshall

Who Am I? l. I led the communist revolution in Cuba. l I allowed the Soviet Union to begin to place nuclear missiles in Cuba, resulting in the Cuban Missile Crisis.

I am: Fidel Castro

Who Am I? l. I led the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis. l I attempted to install nuclear missiles in Cuba, giving the USSR the ability to strike United States. l I negotiated an end to the Cuban Missile Crisis with U. S. President John F. Kennedy.

I am: Nikita Khrushchev

Who Am I? I was the president of the United States during the Cuban Missile Crisis. l I ordered a naval quarantine of Cuba as the world feared nuclear war. l I was able to negotiate a peaceful end to the crisis with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. l

I am: John F. Kennedy

Who Am I? l. I was the leader of Nationalist China. l I was supported by the U. S. against the communist Chinese. l I was forced off mainland China to the island of Taiwan.

I am: Chiang Kai-shek

Who Am I? l. I led the communist revolution in China. l My quotations were organized into a “little red book” and quoted by my supporters who came to be known as the “Red Guard. ” l I advocated modernization through a “cultural revolution” and a “great leap forward. ” l I tried to create a communist society in which all were equal.

I am: Mao Zedong

Who Am I? l. I was the communist leader of North Vietnam during the Vietnam War. l I defeated the US forces in the Vietnam War using guerilla warfare as well as conventional warfare. l The South Vietnamese capital of Saigon was re-named after me.

I am: Ho Chi Minh

Who Am I? l. I am a Cambodian dictator. l I am responsible for the genocide in Cambodia that resulted in the death of 20% of the Cambodian population. l I led the Khmer Rouge in its genocidal policies in Cambodia.

I am: Pol Pot

Who Am I? l. I said, “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down that wall. ” l I was the U. S. president credited with the fall of Soviet communism. l I negotiated nuclear arms control treaties with the Soviet Union.

I am: Ronald Reagan

Who Am I? l. I was president of Egypt who established a relationship with the Soviet Union during the Cold War. l I nationalized the Suez Canal. l I built the Aswan High Dam.

I am: Gamal Abdul Nasser

Who Am I? l. I was the only female to ever serve as prime minister of Israel. l After initial setbacks, I led Israel to victory in the Yom Kippur War. l I sought a close alliance with the United States.

I am: Golda Meir

Who Am I? l. I was the last communist leader of the Soviet Union. l I allowed glasnost (openness) in speech, religion, and the press. l I instituted perestroika, small-scale capitalism in an attempt to save my government.

I am: Mikhail Gorbachev

Who Am I? l. I was the British Prime Minister during the last years of the Cold War and I rebuilt the United Kingdom’s military power. l I fought for free trade and less government regulation of business. l I formed a close relationship with the United States during the Cold War and supported U. S. foreign policy.

I am: Margaret Thatcher

Who Am I? l. I am the father of the African Nationalist movement. l I was a leader in the fight against British colonialism. l I served as the first president of the Republic of Kenya.

I am: Jomo Kenyatta

Who Am I? l. I was a leader in the struggle against apartheid in South Africa. l I was the first freely elected president of South Africa after apartheid ended.

I am: Nelson Mandela

Who Am I? l. I led the Indian National Congress which worked to end British rule in India. l I encouraged the Indian people to use civil disobedience and passive resistance in their fight for independence. l I worked to ease poverty and discrimination in India.

I am: Mohandas Gandhi

Who Am I? l. I was a leading figure in the Indian independence movement and I served as the first prime minister of India after India became independent from Britain. l I supported the western style industrialization of India. l I supported the end of discrimination by caste in the 1950 constitution.

I am: Jawaharlal Nehru

Who Am I? l. I was the female prime minister of India during the Cold War. l I established a closer relationship between India and the Soviet Union. l I supported the establishment of India’s nuclear weapons program.

I am: Indira Gandhi

Who Am I? l. I reformed the communist economy of China by allowing free market economics. l Under my Four Modernizations program (industry, science, technology, and agriculture), China experienced rapid economic growth. l I maintained communist control of the government, and ordered the Chinese military to attack democratic protesters in Tiananmen Square.

I am: Deng Xiaoping