What we ll learn about U S History Mistakes

What we’ll learn about U. S. History Mistakes were made We did a good job as a country because we had good leaders Some of the people were: (underline the ones you know were presidents) They had strong ideas and strong differences The United States had many new ideas -president instead of king -people made up their own rules in the constitution -More people could vote (add in –ordinary people could own land) But not everyone could vote Things were mostly done the same way they had been in England The Constitution

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Name five ways America was different from all of the other nations that had every existed. (pg 9) What limitations were placed on voting rights? (pg 9) What debate existed over the wording in the Constitution? (pg 9 -10) What is one “provision” (something you do to prepare for future possible problems) made in the Constitution? (pg 10 What is the name for the first ten provisions added to the Constitution? (pg 10) What are some examples of those rights? (pg 10) What does the last sentence on pg. 10 of the packet say is happening to the LAND ? What don’t Americans know about LAND to the west? (pg 11) How was life different from today for people living in the 18 th century(1700’s) (pg 11) What serious problem develops in America in the time period between the 18 th century and today? (pg 11) What is an indentured servant? (pg 11) What institution is similar to owning indentured servants? (pg 11) How is the American institution of slavery different from slavery in the past? (pg 11) As some African and Native Americans regain their freedom, what opportunities do they create for themselves? (pg 11) How is Europe and the rest of the world beginning to change their minds about slavery by the 19 th century? (pg 11) In what way do the southern states grow to be very different from the northern United States? (pg 12) Slavery is one of the reasons that the North and South begin to have strong feelings about each other. How do they feel? (pg 12) What is an important question America as a nation must answer? (pg 12)

Essential back Homework Vocabulary Questions Notes forward Essential questions Why would someone leave his society behind? The Social Contract If you could create your own community, what would it look like? Can the People be trusted to govern? Why did the English choose to emigrate? How did English political & religious strife Title and the page ? in your composition book influence date culture of colonial America? How did the potential to own land change the hierarchy & social contract?

Dat e The Social Contract Essential back Homework Vocabulary Questions Notes forward

back Homework Gd King Divine Right: The belief that G d granted to those of royal birth the right to rule their people. Vocabulary Essential ts Lords & their Knigh Questions Notes Clergy P. S. Did your teachers tell you the whole story? You might think the name for this system is feudalism. It isn’t! It’s call Seignorialism, (see the word for old man inside the word? ) Serfs in England, this hierarchy was known as Manorialism This is the order of power and population, but how did these people interact? What were their responsibilities to each other? forward

This is the order of power and population, but how did these people interact? Class notes No matter what a king does, he’s still the king. Even a poor lord is still a lord. A serf will never get to marry a king. What were their responsibilities to each other? It is the job of the lords and knights to rule and defend, the peasants to work and produce food. Social Pyramid of Medieval Europe What were the Commons? Tonight: (write in your planner) Leave bottom of the page blank, we’ll fill it in later Read pgs. 1 - 10 Fill in terms : Rights to House of Burgesses Complete Attribute Web for Magna Carta & English Bill of Rights Complete Compare & Contrast Serfs & Indentured Servants Essential back Homework Vocabulary Questions Notes forward

In Feudal times, all land belonged to lords by grant of the king.

Only a small amount of land was available for serfs to use for their own crops. The Commons were a very important tradition which lords were

Consider this example: The entire city of London was owned by one man. Everyone who lives in the city, in every house, has to pay a fee to his family to this day. Land ownership was important for other reasons as well. No land meant no voting rights.

Compare & Contrast Categories Comparing Serfs and Indentured Servants Living Circumstances for Serfs and Indentured Servants Serfs Features Bound to work for lord for life. Had to support manor. Obligation to work Had to give fruits of labor to lord, little education, never left manor. Living conditions Lords dependent on labor of serfs. Oversaw all aspects of their lives. Employers Indentured Servants

Compare & Contrast Categories Comparing Serfs and Indentured Servants Living Circumstances for Serfs and Indentured Servants Serfs Bound to work for lord for life. Had to support manor. Had to give fruits of labor to lord, little education, never left manor. Lords dependent on labor of serfs. Oversaw all aspects of their lives. Features Obligation to work Living conditions Employers For period of three to six years, 10 to 15 yr olds had to work until they were 21. Borrowed cost of his passage by signing a contract to work for a master. Voyage to colonies was terrible, contracts could be bought and sold, servants whipped, little food, for both men and women. Accepted situation because some were working off debts from home. When wealthy land owners contacted servant labor to grow tobacco they received additional land (50 acres) for each person whose passage they paid.

Take out the three homework papers and your vocabulary terms. Turn to someone now and quiz them on one of the topics from homework. Keep “Terms” Paper out on your desk Glue papers in your composition book

Ms. Gibson, I did my homework. I can tell you everything you ever wanted to know about indentured servants and the contracts they signed. I’ve got just one question for you: why should I care about all of this political contract stuff? Because, Raulie, you signed a contract too! You were born into a society. By remaining a member of this society, you have tacitly agreed to a contract. Add this to your Vocabulary sheet: Social Contract: A voluntary agreement you enter into with other members of the society by which you give up some freedoms in order to enjoy certain protections.

Enclosure Acts Lords fenced in their fields for grazing sheep, leaving serfs with fewer jobs and no Commons. In England, it was a crime to be a vagrant. And if you were unable to return borrowed money, you were placed in a debtor’s prison.

A Gruesome Example The Crown Court at Lancaster Castle has a very long history of extremely barbarous treatment of prisoners, who for what would now be regarded as relatively trivial offences, were frequently sentenced to death or transportation. An interesting relic of this age is the branding iron in the prisoner's dock, which consists of a strap, known as a holdfast, fixed to the oak paneling of the dock which would hold the wrist and fingers, whilst a branding iron in the form of a letter M was heated red hot and applied to the brawn of the thumb, denoting the convicted person as a 'Malefactor' or 'Wrongdoer. ’

Effects of Parliament and the Enclosure Acts During this era, wealthy landowners passed 4, 000 private acts of land enclosure taking over seven million acres. Then the 1845 General Enclosure Act privatized an additional seven million acres! As many as 2/3 of white colonists in America might have arrived as indentured servants. During one period, ten thousand poor are estimated to have been sold into slavery each year in Great Britain. Even in the new world, it was difficult to own land.

The Magna Carta is a Latin term that means “Great Charter”. It is a famous legal document that was signed by King John at Runnymede in June 1215. The king was forced to sign it by a large group of rebel barons with whom he had been engaged in a civil war. The barons had come to resent the fact that the king held absolute power in the land was forcing them to pay huge taxes to finance an expensive war against the French. Any baron who could not pay the tax demanded was severely punished.

The Magna Carta Although the barons did not have the power to make laws and decisions for the nation themselves, they were rich and powerful in their own right because they had been given land by the king. They became rich from the money paid to them in rent by the peasants who lived on their land. They were powerful because they had private armies of soldiers that they used to serve the king in wartime.

The Magna Carta A group of rebel barons became dissatisfied with their situation and demanded that the king listen to their complaints. The kings ignored them so they decided to go against the king and force him to hear their story. It was not until they finally captured London that King John agreed to meet them to discuss their rights at Runnymede, a meadow by the River Thames.

The Magna Carta After a week of talks, John reluctantly agreed to sign a charter, or agreement, which outlined the rules that governed the amount of power the king and the barons would share. It ended the absolute power of the King of England. With later charters, it formed the basis of government and English law. It abolished burdensome taxes and forced the King to declare:

The Magna Carta “No free man shall be taken, or imprisoned, or deprived of his land, or outlawed, or exiled or in any other way destroyed, nor shall we go against him or send him except by legal judgment of his peers or by the law of the land. ” This quote explains that the king no longer rules the courts. You can have a jury of your peers!. Unfortunately, King John soon went back on his word and civil war broke out again. However, he died the following year, 1216, and the Magna Carta did not become official until over eighty years later when it was made law by King Edward I in 1297.

Parliament According to the English Bill of Rights, the king could not create new taxes without the permission of Parliament. Add this detail to your terms notes on Parliament: During the Glorious Revolution, without starting a war, English Parliament forced King James II to renounce throne when he would not share power.

This means they made up their own laws! Mayflower a rm b fo g to nin ed ver re o Ag lf-g se dy o Beginning of majority rules concept r ired ou Insp n nstitutio Co t nd ent ed a nm on at ny r e o e d ts. . cr ol ov se is ct c l g ba lon pa uth ivi s I co om mo a c me he C ly e Ja f t P ad er l o m nd wil u e th Ag Compact ge ree go ne d od ral to of ord pro al e m l r a ot nd e th e Promised to frame, constitute and enact just and equal laws. Th im e C or po om of gan rta pa th iz nt ct e at in w co io th as lo n a e ny n ea. d s rly uc ce ss Agreement made by Puritans in 1620 when they landed at Plymouth Mayflower Compact Answers he

The Magna Carta is an important historical document because it has come to symbolize freedom for many people. Although the Magna Carta was only the first step in the long journey towards democracy in Britain (extending over 700 years), many see it as the first declaration of the rights of the common people against the absolute power of the king. It is regarded by the English, (and people in other countries like America, Canada, Australia and South Africa that have adopted English laws) as their chief defense against unjust rule and the abuse of power.

The Magna Carta is a Latin term that means ____________. It is a famous legal document that was signed by ________ at Runnymede in June of _______. The king was forced to sign it by _______. They had come to resent the king because he held ______ and he was _________. Although barons did not have the power to make laws and decisions for the nation themselves they were rich and powerful in their own right because they had been given ______________ by the king. They became rich from ____________. A group of rebel barons became dissatisfied with their situation and demanded that the king listen to their complaints. The king ignored them so they decided to _____________. It was not until they finally captured ____________ that King John agreed to meet them at ______________, a meadow by the River Thames, to discuss their rights. After week-long talks, John reluctantly agreed to sign a charter, or agreement, which outlined _______________. It ended the _____________ of the King of England. With later charters, it formed the basis of _________ and English ____________. It abolished _____________ and the king had forced the barons to pay. Unfortunately, King John soon went back on his word and civil war broke out again. However, he died in ___________, and the Magna Carta did not become official until over eighty years later in 1297 when it was made law by _______________. List three reasons why the Magna Carta is an important historical document: (include information from the quote as one of your three points. 1: 2: 3:

Extra Credit Opportunity Write a paragraph on any of the topics bellow. 1. Was the life of an indentured servant worth the possible freedom? 2. Did Bacon’s Rebellion lead to greater or less democracy in Virginia? 3. Was is reasonable for the English to tax the colonists to help pay for a war fought in their defense? 4. What rights, claimed by the Declaration of Independence to be the inalienable rights of all men, were denied to those held in slavery? Could such contradictions be justified? 5. Give a biographical sketch and judgment of the contributions of Sam Adams, Thomas Paine, Mercy Otis Warren, and Ebenezer Mac. Intosh. Guidelines for answering question: 1. Topic sentence should answer problem statement and be backed with historical evidence. 2. Paragraph should be between five-seven sentences 3. Answers can be found at www. americanhistory. nu web page. While you may use limited quotes as support, all opinions must be your own. 4. Please create a title for your research 5. Be sure to copy and paste web page sources under your paragraph. 6. Points will be decided based on your statement of your opinion and the quality of historical evidence. 7. You can also receive extra credit for offering new web pages which provided the answers. Please send your paragraph as an attachment in an email to srgibson@slzusd. org. If

What route were Europeans hoping to find as they explored the new world? Successes of Virginia Carl Sagan, Purpose of Virginia author of a cosmographer and Contact commented, Virginia was founded primarily for the creating Virginia succeeded politically in terms ofpurpose of are a of Burgesses as a a frontier. Every the profit species that needs semi-democratic “We. House by the joint-stock owned Virginia Company of London. It was also important in assembly and forcing governors turns a corner, it time humanity stretches itself, to cooperate with giving England productive vitality America to the legislature. They did this through the power receives a jolt ofterritorial claims inthat can last match Spanish and Frenchdid not control money, of the purse as governors expansion, and to give for centuries. ” England markets and on the legislature for and therefore dependedresources in the New World. their salaries. Roanoke

The Lost Colony of Roanoke Write a short story about what might have happened to the lost colony of Roanoke. Stories should include attractive visual elements and will be read aloud in class. Your story is due: _____. Rubric: 50 Story includes pertinent details about the founding of the colony, the first settlement, the second settlement and settlers. You took creative license inventing events that delayed the rescue and describing what happened to the colonists in the meanwhile. You followed writing conventions, including correct grammar, spelling and dialogue. You included a compelling illustration with a caption from your story. 30 Story has some information about the colony. You invented a story about the fate of the colony. Your story has some grammar and spelling problems. You included a rough illustration. 10 Story does not have historical information about the colony Your story does not adequately explain the colony’s disappearance Mistakes in grammar seriously interfere with meaning. No illustration

Add this detail to your terms notes on Puritans: Puritans sought to purify the Church of England. When they met with resistance, they considered moving their community to America to create a model community based upon their ideals. They hoped their utopian “City upon a hill, ” would be admired and copied Utopia: an ideal or perfect community

Are you ready for a game?

ENLIGHTENMENT THINKING

Enlightenment Thinking If the universe is designed by divine order, then through careful stud and hard thought, you may come to understand all things. You can figure out how the clock works if you watch it carefully and think about its mechanisms.

Enlightenment Thinking And if G d isn’t causing each thing to happen…then he didn’t pick the king! There isn’t any “divine right” ! We just agreed (through a social contact) that the king could rule us. That means…if we don’t like the king…we don’t have to do what he says. We can rebel against

What does it feel like to be at a Revival ?

The Catholic Church

The Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation encouraged democracy. It stressed that all people were equal in the eyes of Gd. The king’s power was not absolute because people had two responsibilities: first to obey Gd, and then to obey the king. The reformation emphasized the idea that you have your own conscience and the ability to figure out right and wrong

King Henry VIII The Anglican Church

Separatists

Puritans

Why did they come to the “New World”?

How did colonists acquire land? Use Page 20 (79) Why was land important?

Make A Poster of Reasons to Move to the Colonies Use a piece of blank paper to write an advertisement for a ship which takes people to the colonies. Use Information from the letter on pgs 20 -21 (76 -77)to give reasons why peo should travel. Before you begin writin stain the paper with coffee or tea to make it look authentic. Use your best large cursive writing.

Rubric: 5 Uses many details from reading to explain why life is better in t colonies, includes cost of living, jobs, land, prices of wheat (corn taxes, religious freedom, women’s rights and other details Uses similar styles of writing and abbreviations as seen in the s Uses an engaging voice that excites the reader to the possibilitie May describe the voyage ahead or give instructions on how to p king or governor. Employs excellent writing conventions. 3 Includes some details from the reading Gives the reader some general reasons for traveling to the “New May have some grammar or spelling errors 1 Tells the reader to come to America Does not include information from the reading Contains serious mechanical errors Due: _______

To dowould youyouof likebe part of thishere? other? How. Note: Are any likethese happeningscene? Sketch the What would it feel think is people more important you think these to to are this scene? Who What do most peoplebe inrelated to each or more powerful some. Democracy of what this Living the others? character and draw thanspeech bubbles person might Sugaring others. Could. Look at say to the Off by Grandma one. Moses. or this activity be completed by Ma person by one family?

The Crisis of Democracy Problems worsen Cultural & Structural barriers grow Hopelessness Spreads Public life becomes more repellent A Cycle of Disengagement More people disengage

Living Democracy Five features of Living Democracy 1. Ownership Create widespread ownership of the problem-solving process by those directly affected. Each one of us in the classroom must say to himself, “How will I be affected by this problem? ” 2. Make a commitment Focus on capacity building (learn the “arts of democracy” –not just short-term victory). “I care about this. This is my problem too. I will have something important to contribute to the problem solving process. ” 3. Build new contract Build new power by many means, and especially through collaborative relationships 4. Go beyond righting specific wrongs Create widely recognized, ongoing roles for citizens in public problem solving. 5. Award new roles, change your expectations. Create visibility for the new roles citizens are playing throughout public life. Change expectations about what citizens can do to solve public problems

Ethnic Groups in the Thirteen Colonies

The Great Awakening was a reaction to: v. Ministers who were trained in England, and gave Sermons entirely in Latin v. Ministers who claimed the right to preach to others, but had not had personal conversion experiences

v. Itinerant Preachers like George v. One of the first Whitefield and truly national Jonathan Edwards events insermons gave fiery colonial history. Doctrine intended to prompt v. The Great conviction among played down Awakening listeners. Thousands differences people encouraged of colonists came between sects. in to seek to confess freedom forward theirsins and resolve their religious and political lives. to lead blameless lives in the future.

What do you think? Is this the work of a bad artist or is it accurate ? Should Whitefield sue the artist?

Judeo-Christian traditions encourage democracy. They stressed that people were created equal in the eyes of God. The power of the state was not absolute because Jews and Christians believed they owed an important part of their allegiance to “the kingdom of G d. ” The Protestant Reformation had emphasized the importance of individual conscience. Some congregations were even set up according to democratic models of government.

Whitefield Satirized George Whitefield acquired many enemies, who assailed evangelicalism as a distortion of the gospel and attacked him and his followers for alleged moral failings. The evangelist endured many jibes at his eye disease; hence the epithet "Dr. Squintum. " This satire shows an imp pouring inspiration in Whitefield's ear while a grotesque Fame, listening on the other side through an ear trumpet, makes accusations on two counts that have dogged revivalists to the present day: sex and avarice. The Devil, raking in money below the podium, and the caption raise charges that Whitefield was enriching himself by his ministry. At the lower left, Whitefield's followers proposition a prostitute, reflecting the line in the caption that "their Hearts to lewd Whoring extend. "

A Cycle of Disengagement Few organized opportunities for citizen engagement Culture devalues the role of citizen and assumes only top-down decision making works Contentious public life repels people Citizens lack public life skills Citizen lack a vision of democratic alternatives Thus: citizens feel powerless and hopeless Concentration of wealth and power (top 1 % control more wealth than the bottom 90%) Corporate control of the media Money in politics

Groupwork: Can the People be Trusted to Govern?

Little did King Charles realize, his little colonies in the new world would turn the medieval world on its head. The seeds of democracy and capitalism began because the Virginia Company wanted more laborers for tobacco production in order to increase profits. They would create a new understanding of the social contract.

By the way, don’t forget the continent wasn’t a blank slate… Look at this image by Blackbear Bosin, entitled Prairie Fire. What do you see? Describe the mood of each element.

Gd Cle Governors rgy & Who is missin g? Middle Class Lower Class Poor Indentu Africa red

What is the biggest draw back of using indentured servants for labor? New World plantation owners sought labor that was abundant and inexpensive. Native Americans were the obvious choice, but they died rapidly from such diseases as smallpox, mumps, and measles, which the Europeans introduced into the region and to which the Native Americans lacked immunity. They also could run away with ease: Their homes were usually close by, they were familiar with the land, and they knew how to survive on indigenous plants and animals. European indentured servants—criminals sentenced to labor or men obligated to work for a set time in exchange for ocean passage—also fell victim to diseases, mostly tropical malaria and yellow fever. They could also escape and easily blend in as members of the colony’s white ruling class.

What is the biggest draw back of using indentured servants for labor? • But Africans were different: They came from an environment where those who survived into adolescence acquired some immunity to such “Old World” diseases as smallpox, mumps, and measles, as well as to such tropical maladies as malaria and yellow fever. This meant they lived three to five times longer than white laborers under the difficult conditions on plantations, and longer still than Native Americans. Also, when Africans ran away they could neither go home nor be mistaken for members of the planters’ society. Through most of the years of the Atlantic trade, prices for Africans remained favorable in relation to the price of the crops they produced. They were, thus, the best economic solution for plantation owners seeking inexpensive labor. • The Atlantic slave trade began as a trickle in the 1440 s and grew slowly through the 17 th century. By 1700, 25, 000 slaves, on average, were crossing the Atlantic every year. After 1700 the trade grew much more rapidly to a peak in the 1780 s, when an average year saw 80, 000 African slaves arrive on American shores. Then the trade fell off more slowly and after 1850 quickly declined.

Less organized resistance was both more widespread and more successful. This included silent sabotage, or foot-dragging, by slaves, who pretended to be sick, feigned difficulty understanding instructions, and “accidentally” misused tools and animals. It also included small-scale resistance by individuals who fought back physically, at times successfully, against what they regarded as unjust treatment. . The most common form of resistance, however, was flight.

Venn Diagram Purpose: To demonstrate similarities and differences between : using different sources of labor They survived diseases they lived three to five times longer than white Ma de Came from prisons as laborers pas a sag diffi vagrants, debtors or acr cul Also, when Africans ran away they could oss e t neither go home nor be mistaken for members malefactors At lan of the planters’ society. tic Can own their own land after contract ends European Indentured Servants p sca e ed plantation owners want abundant & Africans inexpensive labor All people want Were not treated freedom with same level of m respect as other colonists icti s ll v ase fe e dis to a local source of labor Native Americans • By 1700, 25, 000 slaves, on average, were crossing the Atlantic every year. • After 1700 the trade grew much more rapidly to a peak in the 1780 s, when an average year saw 80, 000 African slaves arrive on American shores.

Slaves did, however, challenge control through active resistance, even if their ability to resist was limited. Unlike slaves in Saint-Domingue, who rebelled against their French masters and established the black republic of Haiti in 1804, slaves in the United States faced a balance of power that discouraged armed resistance. When it occurred, such resistance was always quickly suppressed and followed by harsh punishment designed to discourage future rebellion. In some instances, planned slave rebellions were nipped in the bud before an actual outbreak of violence. Like other slave uprisings in the United States, it caused enormous fear among the whites, but it did not seriously threaten the institution of slavery.

1. What did slaveholders call slavery? 2. What are some reasons why colonists preferred using slaves over indentured servants? 3. Why were slaves given food, clothing and shelter and rarely beaten to death? 4. What is the most important difference between all European colonists & slaves? 5. What were some of the things

Compare & Contrast Categories Comparing Feudalism and Enlightenment Views World View Feudalism View derived from the Old Testament: Man is innately corrupt. Only in the afterlife will the world be better Rigid class system with no possibility to “move up”. Features Human Nature Social Hierarchy Enlightenment Through proper education, humanity itself could be altered, its nature changed for the better. Praised America, where there were “no distinctions of class” and where property was secure and hard work encouraged.

• • • • Magna Carta 1215 Glorious Revolution Enclosure acts (check this date!!!!!!) 1700 25, 000 Africans brought every year Protestant reformation Roanoke First slaves Mayflower compact Great awakening Enlightenment thinkers Bacon’s rebellion French Revolution Plus anything in reading packet

Compare & Contrast Categories Comparing Feudalism and Enlightenment Views World View Feudalism Alchemy, superstitions, ignorance and low levels of literacy Only available for the wealthy classes Features Science The Good Life Enlightenment Science to progress toward a future that was perfection Each individual pursued his or her own happiness and individual sense of the good life—as long as in doing so they did not interfere with other people’s lives, liberty, or pursuit of happiness. Or as Jefferson put it, as long as “it neither picks my pocket, nor breaks my leg. ” individual’s quest for happiness at the heart of politics.

Compare & Contrast Categories Comparing Feudalism and Enlightenment Views World View Feudalism First born inherits everything. Women are property. Tithing required. Don’t question the status quo Features Economic Knowledge Enlightenment Free market and individual right to own property Immanuel Kant thought the motto of the age should be “Dare to know. ”

Two sides to every story • Make a perspective folded picture with two sides

Bacon’s Rebellion

Lord of the Flies scenario for essay but on a ship We like to rebel What would you rebel from How would you establish law Use sample essay

Unit Summary Virginia had more political freedom through a representative legislature which was the House of Burgesses and more economic freedom through private ownership of land. The House of Burgesses became the model for the U. S. House of Representatives. (Burgess is an English word meaning “free citizen”). You compared philosphers

Reading Packet Pgs. 1 -37 Magna Carta to Albany Plan of Union

Attribute Web Terms • Enlightenment • Bacon’s Rebellion

Resources: Essential Questions? FIND THEM Wrist bands for: What events and ideas gave birth to the Declaration of Independence (Socratic method? ) Land Quaker girl (2) Social Pyramid of England Socrates Feudal Commons Parliament Magna Carta English Bill of Rights Types of government (make posters of personalities) Apostoles Enclosure System John Rolfe English colonist and farmer who greatly aided the colony. Rolfe is credited with introducing tobacco as a crop for export, which ensured the colony of profits as well as bringing eight years of peace between Indians and colonists through his marriage to Pocahontas. Roanoke Debtor’s Prison Indentured Servant George III Puritan Girl Pilgrim Lassie Miles Standish Thespis William Penn William Pitt George Fox John Carver Vasco Nunez de Balboa Spanish explorer who is best known for being the first to reach the pacific ocean in 1513. While attempting to escape debt, he joined an expedition lead by martin Fernandez de Encisco where he took control of the party and led it across the isthmus of Panama to the pacific ocean, which he claimed for the Spanish monarchs George Calvert Salutary Neglect John Cabot Explorer sent by Henry VII in 1497 who explored and claimed Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and the Grand Banks for England. Cabot was originally sent by Henry in violation of the reaty of Tordesillas to find a direct route to Asia. Cabot, like Columbus thought he had reached Asia, unaware he was exploring a new continent. Religious Tolerance San Salvador Great Awakening House of Burgesses Bacon’s Rebellion French Indian War Proclamation of 1763 Protests, massacres, acts Utopia/ Disutopia Lord of the Flies scenario for essay but on a ship Edmund Burke

by L. D. Rich. Franklin Watts Ltd. , 1972 An account of the war between New England colonists and the native peoples. New Amsterdam Days and Ways by Dorothy N. Hults. Harcourt Brace, 1963 A history of new Amsterdam, from its original inhabitants to the end of Dutch rule. Night Journeys by Avi. Pantheon, 1979 oung boy is caught between duty and morality when he helps two indentured servants esca Roger Williams: Defender of Freedom by C. P. Edwards. Abingdon Press, 1957 The life of Roger Williams, founder of Rhode Island. The 13 Colonies Series by Dennis Fradin. Children's Press, 1986 -1989 Each of the thirteen books in the series chronicles one of the thirteen colonies. CHALLENGING Colonial American Holidays and Entertainment by Karen Helene Lizon. Franklin Watts Ltd. , 1993 An exploration of colonial entertainment and pastimes. Colonial American Home Life by John F. Warner. Franklin Watts Ltd. , 1993 details of the everyday life of colonists, Native Americans, and enslaved Africans is present Colonial North Carolina by Eugenia Burney. Thomas Nelson, Inc. , 1975 Chronicles North Carolina's history, from its colonization to its part in the Civil War. Kings, Commoners, & Colonists

• • • • • EASY Can't You Make Them Behave, King George? by Jean Fritz. Coward, Mc. Cann & Geoghegan, 1977 The rebellious colonists from the perspective of King George III, and his lack of understanding as to why the colonists wished for independence. David Bushnell and His Turtle by June Swanson. Atheneum, 1991 Highlights David Bushnell's ingenuity and persistence in building the Turtle, the first submarine, during the early days of the Revolutionary War. Phoebe the Spy by Judith Berry Griffin. Coward, Mc. Cann & Geoghegan, 1977 Phoebe, daughter of an African American freeman who owns a tavern Washington frequents, goes undercover to help foil an assassination. Samuel's Choice by Richard Berleth. Albert Whitman, 1990 After much agonizing, Samuel courageously risks his owner's wrath and even his own life to help Washington's troops cross the water safely. The Secret Soldier: The Story of Deborah Sampson by Ann Mc. Govern. Four Winds Press, 1975 Deborah Sampson, a clever and restless young servant, disguises herself as a man and joins the army, where she serves for a year and a half. The Story of the Green Mountain Boys by Susan Clinton. Childrens Press, 1987 Beginning with the Green Mountain Boys' taking of Fort Ticonderoga, the book traces the story of Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain Boys. AVERAGE The American Revolution: War for Independence by Alden R. Carter. Franklin Watts, 1992 Straightforward account of the origin of the conflict with England followed by comprehensive descriptions of the battles and their outcomes. Colonial People by Sarah Howarth. The Millbrook Press, 1994 Art and text provide a view of the people who made up colonial America. The Fighting Ground by Avi. Lippincott, 1984 In one action-packed day, Jonathan matures from a wide-eyed child to a young man, as he answers the call to arms as enemy soldiers near. Fireworks, Picnics, and Flags by James Cross Giblin. Clarion Books, 1983 Describes in detail events that led to the writing of the Declaration of Independence, and then discusses the symbols of the Fourth of July. Guns for General Washington by Seymour Reit. Harcourt Brace, 1990 Fictionalized account of true story of how a group of patriots, led by Col. Knox and aided by his brother, transported desperately needed weapons during the brutal winter. If You Were There in 1776 by Barbara Brenner. Bradbury Press, 1994 A lively tour of the major cities and settlements of 1776 with a close look at what people wore, ate, drank, and what they did. The Many Lives of Benjamin Franklin by Mary Pope Osbourne. Dial, 1990 Engagingly captures the multiple dimensions of Franklin's character and accomplishments, and highlights his goals and beliefs. The Story of the Boston Massacre by Mary Kay Phelan. Thomas Crowell Jr. , 1976 Present-day narrative of the causes leading to the Massacre, the Massacre itself, and the subsequent trial is based on John Adams's diary. CHALLENGING George Midgett's War by Sally Edwards. Charles Scribner's Sons, 1985 The hardy, stubborn fishermen of North Carolina remain aloof from the Revolution until British troops murder a local woman. My Brother Sam is Dead by J. L. & C. Collier. Scholastic, Inc. , 1974

Terms Rights _________________________________________________________________________________ Petition _________________________________________________________________________________ Enclosure Movement _________________________________________________________________________ Northwest Passage __________________________________________________________________________ Joint-stock companies _________________________________________________________________________ Parliament _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________ Headright System ___________________________________________________________________________ House of Burgesses __________________________________________________________________________P uritans ___________________________________________________________________ Protestant Reformation _________________________________________________________________________ Political Equality ___________________________________________________________________________ Peculiar Institution __________________________________________________________________________ Middle Passage ____________________________________________________________________________

Terms Albany Plan of Union _________________________________________________________________________ Social Contract ___________________________________________________________________________ Divine Right _________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Utopia _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________

Jeopardy Answers Feudalism: A steeply graded hierarchy that correlates status with landed wealth. Rights: powers or privileges that belong to people as citizens and that cannot or should not be taken away by the government. Petition; to make a formal demand or request Enclosure Movement: Lords fenced in their fields for grazing sheep, leaving serfs with fewer jobs and no Commons Northwest Passage: A rumored waterway that would connect Europe with a fast, direct route to the far east. Joint-stock companies: Individual investors pooled their money into travel and settlement companies that spread out losses. Parliament; Composed of the House of Lords, the House of Commons, with the power to approve laws and taxes proposed by the king or queen Headright System: Settlers received 50 acres of land for every paid passage, whether they paid their own way or paid for someone else. House of Burgesses: A regular assembly of elected representatives that developed in the Virginia colony in the 1630’s. The House of Burgesses was split into two chambers in 1650, creating the House of Burgesses and the Governors Council. The House was a bicameral legislature that was a model for our congress. Settlers who owned land could be elected to guide the government of the colony in Virginia Puritans Protestant Reformation Political Equality Peculiar Institution Middle Passage Albany Plan of Union; Colonial confederation based on the ideas of Benjamin Franklin, calling for each town to have independence in a large whole, known as the Grand Council. It was used for military defense and Indian policies and set a precedent for later American unity. Social Contract: A voluntary agreement you enter into with other members of the society by which you give up some freedoms in order to enjoy certain protections. Divine Right: The belief that G d granted to those of royal birth the right to rule their people. Virtual/Actual representation: Parliament felt colonists had virtual representation because every member of parliament considered the right of all subjects; the House of Commons was responsible for protecting the rights of all British and colonists. Because the British elected members, they enjoyed actual representation, but colonists

A Continuum Scale of by

Thematic Spiral of by

Spiral Instructions Pick four of the following themes you’d like to use for the rows of dots Conflicts Religious developments Political Developments Freedom Attempts to control colonists Increased Democracy

Venn Diagram Purpose: To demonstrate similarities and differences between : Subject Labels:

Venn Diagram Purpose: To demonstrate similarities and differences between :

Attribute Web Display words and ideas related to a central topic

a ced lim on e kin th e dd o Attribute Webs Magna Carta Ga ve t le eop ep th en Ev in ess of law e: th ion me e ac eti p iss erm tp ou ith f oll ow roc ep du o eep yi n rm an a w es tax dt gh a se ai tr no he k ld ou gc in ek e: th Th n’t k g cou ld Ki n English Bill of Rights kin g gc ou l o: t ht rig tt h e th wh a n wo its le op Pe of: of Both of these events caused English to desire more self-government Pl Pe op ad le h th e t to ist al rig h ded clu In Signed in : Provided for trial by jury of peers Signed in : Parliament held free elections

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Pe opl ew on t he rig ht t o: Provided for trial by jury of peers Attribute Webs the t a wh n o its im d l ld do e lac cou P g kin Magna Carta en Signed in : p he t ve Ga law of e l eop r ep du Ev s ces o th ek in gh ad to fol low Both of these events caused English to desire more self-government th e:

Attribute Webs Both of these events caused English to desire more self-government Mayflower Compact Great Awakening

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Survivor style

Additional Resources In Binder Outline notes on colonization Make a sextant Outline notes on Early Discoveries Columbus to Revolution Test

Three ring circus Talking hand Pirate Hobo See page

Which of the following is not true about the Magna Carta? A. Gave the people due purpose of law B. Placed limits on the king’s power C. Signed in 1215 D. Provided for trial by a jury of one’s peers E. Caused serfs to loose their land Which of the following is not true about the English Bill of Rights? a. It included a list of rights for the people b. The king could not raise taxes without permission of the parliament c. King may keep an army in peacetime D Parliament held free elections Which of the following is not true about the Mayflower Compact? a. Was important in the early success and organization of the colony b. Agreed to form a self governing body c. Beginning of majority rules concept d. Made in 1620 at the landing in Plymouth e. Was made at Roanoke Matching A. Enclosure Acts B. Social Contract C. Glorious Revolution D. Enclosure acts (check this date!!!!!!) E. Roanoke F. Enlightenment thinkers Charter, A. Proprietary B. Royal Colony C. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness A ____ may be given to a colony that wants to run their own form of government. A colony is put under a ____ form of government when management of the colony is given to one man. A colony under the direct control of Britain was known as a ______. In the Declaration of Independence, American citizens are “endowed with certain unalienable rights” which include ____________. Directions: Fill in the blanks. 1. Democracy first appeared in ________. 4. The founders of Plymouth Colony wrote a document that first created self-government in America called the __________. Age of Reason/ Enlightenment A period of history from about 1650 -1800, marked by great advances in science and the idea that mankind could be improved by developing institutions that foster the use of reason rather than superstition. compact A formal agreement or contract compromise - to make changes acceptable to both sides. democracy Government by the people. Judeo-Christian Traditions and beliefs shared by Jews and Christians that derive for the Old Testament of the Bible. Magna Carta "Great Charter" was signed in 1215 by King John of England. By doing so, he agreed to abide by feudal laws and share his power with his noblemen. Mayflower Compact An agreement signed by the men who founded Plymouth Colony gave rise to the first self-government in America philosopher A person dedicated to the study of ideas; the pursuit of wisdom. Republic/Representative Democracy A nation in which supreme power is held by the people or their elected representatives. representative A person elected to represent a certain community, state, or nation. 1. A document written in 1215 called the _________ ended up giving rise to England's Parliament. 3. A nation where citizens elect people to represent them in government is called a ______.