What is programming Steps to solve a

What is programming? • Steps to solve a problem. • Repeatable by executing or “doing” the steps again. UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 1

Write a program 1. Problem solve phase 2. Implement phase (Maintenance phase) Program VCR to tape American Idol UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 2

Problem Solving • Solve the problem before writing any program • Pseudo Code If score is positive Add score to Total Else Display an error message UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 3

Algorithm • Instructions on how to do something – Details – If you leave out steps… Can you write an algorithm to set an alarm clock? UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 4

What is a programming language? • Set of instructions, rules, and symbols known by a computer that can be interpreted by the computer to solve a problem. UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 5

High Level Programming Languages C++ BASIC Java COBOL English Like Easy to Read and Write (Compared with low level) C++ Code Example Total = Total + Score; UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 6

Low Level Programming Languages Total = Total + Score; Machine Code 10010110 0000 10100101 Assembly Code Add AX, Score UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 7

Programming Steps • • Create source code file: Lab 0. cpp Compile to machine code: Lab 0. obj Link to executable program: Lab 0. exe Run Lab 0. exe UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 8

What is a computer? Network CPU Input Output MEMORY Storage UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 9

Hardware • • • CPU Memory Keyboard Monitor Disk … UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 10

Problem-Solving Techniques • ASK for HELP!!!! • Look for things that are familiar – Given salary, compute a 10% salary increase. – Given the price of a product, compute a 10% price increase • Solve by analogy – I know how to rollerblade. – This is similar to ice skating. • Means/Ends Analysis – If I’m on one side of the river, how can I get to the other side? UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 11

Problem-Solving Techniques • Divide and conquer – Build a house with electrician, carpenter, plumber etc. • Building-block approach – Components of a sound system • Merging solutions – What things can be done at the same time? UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 12

Mental Blocks • Fear of starting – Just do it • Algorithmic problem solving – Not always easy – May fail (it will make you stronger) UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 13

How to Store Data in Computer Bit Electronic Device On / Off Value: 1 / 0 Byte 8 bits Possible combinations 256 28 UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 14

How to Store Data in Computer Binary Number 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 1 27 128 0 0 0 1 1 + 23 + 22 + 21 + 20 +8 +4 +2 +1 Decimal Number: 143 UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 15

How to Store Data in Computer 0 1 0 0 0 1 Binary Number 65 Character ASCII (EBCDIC) ASCII Character is See Appendix D pp. 695 -696 UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 16

How to Store Data in Computer Word 2 bytes (16 bits) Double Word 4 bytes (32 bits) Integers Binary Numbers Characters ASCII Unicode (p. 34 footnote) Float Numbers? Negative numbers? UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 17

How to Store Data in Computer KB 1024 Bytes 210 MB 1024 * 1024 Bytes 220 GB 1024 * 1024 Bytes 230 TB… UWP - Landgraf Some slides are from Dr. Qi Yang's notes 18