What Is Organizational Behavior? Chapter 1 Copyright © 2015 Mc. Graw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of Mc. Graw-Hill Education.
What is Organizational Behavior? • A field of study devoted to understanding, explaining, and ultimately improving the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and groups in organizations 1 -2
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Buying the Textbook • Aside from your local bookstore, the book is available on Amazon • There is a Kindle version 1 -4
Buying the Textbook • You can also buy it through the Inkling app, which is available on the App Store for your i. Pad ๏ Can buy by the chapter ๏ Chapters are specially formatted for the i. Pad ๏ Can also use the app on your i. Phone 1 -5
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Does OB Matter? • Do firms who do a good job managing OB concepts become more profitable as a result? 1 -7
Does OB Matter? • The resource-based view of the firm 1 -8
Does OB Matter? 1 -9
Does OB Matter? Retention Sales/employee Market value Profitability 1 -10
So What’s So Hard? ๏ The Rule of 1/8: ๏ “One must bear in mind that 1/2 of organizations won’t believe the connection between how they manage their people and the profits they earn. 1/2 of those who do see the connection will do what many organizations have done--try to make a single change to solve their problems, not realizing that the effective management of people requires a more comprehensive and systematic approach. Of the firms that make comprehensive changes, probably only about 1/2 will persist with their practices long enough to actually derive economic benefits. ” 1 -11
How Do We Know Things About OB? • Where does the knowledge in this textbook come from? • Understanding that requires an understanding of how we know things, in general 1 -12
How Do We Know Things about OB? • Methods of Knowing ๏ Experience ๏ Intuition ๏ Authority ๏ Science • What are the benefits of the last one, relative to the other three? 1 -13
How Do We Know Things about OB? • Scientific method 1 -14
How Do We Know Things about OB? • Theory ๏ A collection of assertions (both verbal and symbolic) that specify how and why variables are related, as well as the conditions in which they should (and should not) be related 1 -15
How Do We Know Things about OB? • To test our theory we gather data on the variables included in our hypotheses • We then use variants of the correlation coefficient to test hypotheses, to see if they verify our theory 1 -16
How Do We Know Things about OB? • The correlation ๏ Perfect positive relationship: 1 ๏ Perfect negative relationship: -1 ๏ Strength of the correlation inferred from judging the compactness of a scatterplot of the X-Y values ๏ More compact = stronger correlation ๏ Less compact = weaker correlation 1 -17
The Correlation 1 -18
The Correlation 1 -19
The Correlation 1 -20
The Correlation • Important Disclaimer ๏ Correlation does not prove causation • Proving causation requires: ๏ Correlation ๏ Temporal precedence ๏ Elimination of alternative explanations 1 -21
How Do We Know Things about OB? • The correlations from multiple studies get averaged together using a technique called meta-analysis • Meta-analyses can then form the foundation for evidence-based management--the use of scientific findings to inform management education and practice 1 -22
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