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What is Judaism? • Judaism is the world’s first monotheistic religion. • Monotheism is What is Judaism? • Judaism is the world’s first monotheistic religion. • Monotheism is the belief in one god.

Where Judaism Started • The religion was born in modern day Israel and Palestine. Where Judaism Started • The religion was born in modern day Israel and Palestine. • Canaan – Biblical name

Who are the Hebrews? • Ethnic group that founded Judaism. • Tribe of pastoral Who are the Hebrews? • Ethnic group that founded Judaism. • Tribe of pastoral nomads from Mesopotamia. • Speak the language of Hebrew. • Later became known as the Jews

Abraham • “Father” of the Hebrew People • Led the Hebrews from Mesopotamia to Abraham • “Father” of the Hebrew People • Led the Hebrews from Mesopotamia to Canaan. • First of the Hebrews to interact with God.

Abraham’s Journeys Abraham’s Journeys

Abraham’s Geneaology HAGAR ABRAHAM Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes SARAH Isaac Jacob 12 Tribes of Abraham’s Geneaology HAGAR ABRAHAM Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes SARAH Isaac Jacob 12 Tribes of Israel Esau

Moses Led the Hebrews out of Egypt during their period of being enslaved. (Exodus) Moses Led the Hebrews out of Egypt during their period of being enslaved. (Exodus)

Route of the Exodus Route of the Exodus

Ethical Monotheism • The belief in one allpowerful God (Yahweh) • Yahweh is the Ethical Monotheism • The belief in one allpowerful God (Yahweh) • Yahweh is the source of truth, justice, and love. • He demands good behavior from people.

The Ten Commandments • How do the Ten Commandments reflect the idea of ethical The Ten Commandments • How do the Ten Commandments reflect the idea of ethical monotheism?

Holy Book • The Torah (The Law) – First 5 books of the Hebrew Holy Book • The Torah (The Law) – First 5 books of the Hebrew Bible – Christians refer to the Jewish bible as the Old Testament. – It contains 636 Jewish laws - marriage, diet, animals, business, etc.

Mount Sinai Mount Sinai

10 Commandments • Laws given to Moses by Yahweh. • What are the types 10 Commandments • Laws given to Moses by Yahweh. • What are the types of behavior demanded by Yahweh?

St. Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai St. Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai

The Covenant • Yahweh’s contract or agreement with the Jewish people. • What are The Covenant • Yahweh’s contract or agreement with the Jewish people. • What are terms of the contract?

Promised Land • Yahweh promises the Jews that Canaan/Palestine will be their land. Promised Land • Yahweh promises the Jews that Canaan/Palestine will be their land.

Inside the Temple Tabernacle The Arc of the Covenant Inside the Temple Tabernacle The Arc of the Covenant

King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan The First Temple King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan The First Temple

The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall

Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem Recreation of Ancient Jerusalem

Israelites in Captivity Israelites in Captivity

Jewish Diaspora The “dispersion” of the Jewish people away from their historical homeland of Jewish Diaspora The “dispersion” of the Jewish people away from their historical homeland of Palestine.

Areas of Jewish Settlements Areas of Jewish Settlements

What institutions allowed Jews to maintain their religious and cultural identity outside of their What institutions allowed Jews to maintain their religious and cultural identity outside of their homeland?

Jewish Traditions • Synagogue • Jewish Laws regulating religious, social, and personal behavior. – Jewish Traditions • Synagogue • Jewish Laws regulating religious, social, and personal behavior. – Dietary Restrictions – Sabbath – Ban on marrying non-Jews • The Hebrew Bible • The Hebrew Language • Strict Monotheism

Zionism • Belief that Jews should return to their historical homeland, Israel. • Israel Zionism • Belief that Jews should return to their historical homeland, Israel. • Israel should be a nation-state of the Jewish people. • Jerusalem should be its capital.