Vitamins Ass. prof., Ph.D. Eugeniy V.

Vitamins Ass. prof. , Ph. D. Eugeniy V. Khomutov

General BB alanced diet Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Minerals ? By the end of XIX century it was known : • Nevertheless the specific disorders (beri-beri, scurvy , pellagrs etc. ) were developing 1911 Funk obtained the substance that prevent beri from brane of rice and gave it’s the name — Vitamin (vita – life ) 5 th element

Metabolism and functions intestine absorption blood cell transport Coenzyme. Regulators, protectors (A, D, E, K) modification The two main functions: 1. Serve as the coenzyme for the composite enzymes 2. Serve as regulators (D, A), protectors (A, E) and other specific functions (vision) Active form

Vitamin B 1 В 1 (T hiamine ) Formation of active form 2 АТ P 2 АД P Thiamin В 1 T hiamine pyrophosphate ( TPP )

Витамин B 1 Biological role: • Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate Acetyl-Co. A (Metabolism of CH and energy) α -ketoglutarate Succinyl-Co. A (Metabolism of energy ) CH 3 C=O COOH pyruvate + CO 2 + ТПФТПФC H 3 C -O H • Interconversions of pentoses (транскетолазная реакция)

Vit. B 2 В 2 (Riboflavine) B 2 has 2 coenzyme forms: FMN и

Vitamon B 2 Biological role: • Transfer of hydrogen atoms Desorder: Dermatitis stomatitis, glossitis angular stomatitis Seborrhea. F А D + S H 2 F А D · H 2 + S F МН + NAD H 2 ФМ D· H 2 + NAD +

Vit. B 3 В 3 or РР (Niacin) Niacin 2 coenzyme forms: NAD + NADP +

Biological role: • Hydrogen atoms transfer NAD + + S H 2 NAD · H + S NADP + + S H 2 NADP· H + S Витамин B 3 Desorder : pellagra (3 « D » ) • Dermatitis of the exposed to sunlight sites of skin • D ementia • D iarrhea

Биологическая роль : Витамин B 5 • Перенос ацильных групп (Цикл Кребса, обмен ВЖК и пр. ) Заболевание : • Понос • Дерматит • Остановка роста • Поседение шерсти, аллопеция • Повреждение нервной ткани, почек, надпочечников, сердца Pantos!!!

Vit. B c В c ( Folic acid ) Coenzyme form: T etrahydrofolic acid (THFA)

Vit. B c Biological role: • Переносчик одноуглеродных фрагментов : • Main source of 1 -С units — serine Serine Glycine THFA Methylene-THFA Methyl-THFA H omocyst in. Methionine В 12 Purine nucleotide d ТМФ