Vikas Nath Founding President The Digital Governance Initiative

Vikas Nath Founding President The Digital Governance Initiative www. Digital. Governance. org Vice-President, Commonwealth Centre for Electronic Governance, India E-Government: International Experiences, Trends and Perspectives Digital Development Initiative Uzbekistan 27 May 2004

in simple terms E-Government is. . . ‘ Use of Information Technology by government agencies to deliver government information and services. ‘ Governments may use IT for its internal and external operations: Internal Operations Interactions within the government agency (G 2 G) Interactions with other government agencies - local, central, national government agencies (G 2 G) External Operations Interactions with citizens (G 2 C) Interactions with businesses (G 2 B)

The 4 Key Goals of E-Government n One-stop, 24/7 service (high quality citizen-focused services) n Efficient government (cost-effective, paperless) n n Transparent and responsive Government Improved decision-making (Knowledge Government)

More than 1 reason for EGovernment ? n USA Part of market-oriented government reform process, to maintain national competitiveness, realize in-depth democracy and enhance citizen satisfaction UK To enhance administrative efficiency, effectiveness, and responsiveness n Korea Part of new growth engine after exponential economic growth n Australia Reduce gaps between service standards between cities in the vast country n Singapore Means to become the number-one country in the 21 st century by taking advantage of its superior workforce and excellent economic environment n Malaysia Transform government from bureaucracy to government for common n

Who leads E-Government within a country? Separate organization under Office of President or Prime Minister USA Korea France Malaysia Under organization responsible for National Informatization Organization under an existing department UK Canada Japan Italy Singapore Azerbaijan

Some Lead Agencies Australia: Australian Government Information Management Office -AGIMO (formerly NOIE) and the former Office of the Government Online (now part of AGIMO) n Canada: Chief Information Office Branch of Treasury Board (under Ministry of Finance) n Italy Ministry of Information Technology, Informatization Cabinet Member Committee n Korea: Special Committee on E-Government n Malaysia: Malaysian Administrative Modernization and Management Planning Unit- MAMPU (agency within Prime Minister's department) n Singapore: Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA) (formerly National Computer Board –NCB and Telecommunication Authority of Singapore -TAS) n UK: e-Envoy and the Central IT Unit –CITU in the Cabinet Office n USA: Office of Electronic Government and Information Technology Services under the Office of Management and Budget (Executive office of the President) n

USA: Office of E-Government and Information Technology (formerly the Office of Information Technology and Electronic Government) n Statutory office under the Office of Management and Budget -OMB (OMB is the part of Executive Office of the President) n Primary tasks: Overseeing implementation of IT throughout the Federal government, and development of enterprise architectures within and across agencies Management of government information scattered throughout each department Effective and innovative application of information technology within the government as emphasized by the Paperwork Reduction Act

UK: Office of E-Envoy n Part of the Prime Minister’s Delivery and Reform team based in the Cabinet Office n Primary tasks: Improve the delivery of public services and achieve long term cost savings by joining-up online government services around the needs of customers Ensuring that all government services are available electronically by 2005 with key services achieving high levels of use. 2 principle work areas: policy and delivery Policy: e-Government Group, e-Communications Group, e. Economy Group Delivery: Brings out UK Online Annual and Monthly Report, updates UK Online Action Plan, manages e-Champions

Australia: Australian Government Information Management Office (formerly the National Office for the Information Economy, NOIE) n Separate office within the federal Communications, Information Technology and the Arts portfolio n Primary tasks: Research on e-government issues- security, authentication and investment Assist government agencies in new contractual arrangements for ICT services Develop benchmarks for e-government activity to assess egovernment performance Improve access to Australian Government information by providing simplified web sites, online information and printed

Legal basis for developing EGovernment Only a few countries have prepared integrated legal measures for e. Government. Most countries drive e-Government under current informatizationrelated laws. USA e-Government Act of 2002 (Accessibility, usability, and preservation of government information) December 2002 Korea Laws related to the promotion of computation in the administrative project for e-Government March 2001 Japan Three laws for bringing the administrative process online December 2002 UK Electronic Communication Act May 2000 Some form of e. Signaturesigning law in over 60 countries. March 2001 Germany Electronic law adopted Source: Development Gateway Foundation- Korea Training Center

E-Government acts legislated by different countries Public Access to Electronic Information (under Right to Information Act) Citizens will be afforded access to government information in electronic form that is not less than access afforded to government information in other forms n Recognition of Electronic Documents and Electronic Signatures Provides for the Creation of Certification Authorities to issue digital signatures. Makes electronic signatures and documents legally binding n n Cyber Crimes Act Makes misuse of computers and Internet a criminal offence Consumer Protection Act Consumers who participate in electronic transactions should be afforded transparent and effective consumer protection that is not less than the level of protection afforded in other forms of transactions n Consumer Privacy Act Personal information collected over Internet should be acquired, disclosed, and used only in ways that respect an individual’s privacy n Amendment of Copyrights, Intellectual Property (IP) Act Making it illegal to transmit copyrighted works over the Internet n n E-Procurement Laws

E-Government at a Glance Source: UNPAN http: //unpan 1. un. org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpa

E-Gov Readiness Index (top 10) capacity of public sector to use ICT Web Measure Index, Telecommunication Infrastructure Index & Human Development Index E-Participation Index (top 13) willingness to provide information and communication tools 6 Areas: Education, Health, Finance, Employment, Social United and General 1. 000 welfare Kingdom USA 0. 927 Sweden 0. 840 United States 0. 966 Australia 0. 831 Canada 0. 828 Denmark 0. 820 Chile 0. 828 UK 0. 814 Estonia 0. 759 Canada 0. 806 New Zealand 0. 690 Norway 0. 778 Philippines 0. 672 France 0. 638 Switzerland 0. 764 Netherlands 0. 638 Germany 0. 762 Australia 0. 621 Finland 0. 761 Mexico 0. 603 Argentina 0. 586 Source: UNPAN Uzbekistan was considered as a http: //www. unpan. org/egovernment country with no online presence in the 3. asp

Ranking of Municipalities Online (84 Cities) CRITERIA: Security and Privacy, Usability, Content, Services, Citizen Participation Among the top 20 cities: 4 cities are from developing countries: Shanghai (China), Tallinn (Estonia) 14 th, Dubai (United Arab Emirates) 18 th, and Jakarta (Indonesia) 20 th 1 Seoul 2 Hong Kong 3 Singapore 4 New York 5 Shanghai 6 Rome 7 Auckland 8 Jerusalem 9 Tokyo 10 Toronto Taskent (Uzbekistan) ranks 76 out of 84 cities Beirut Karachi Almaty, Tashkent La. Paz Lima Source: Survey done by Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey- Newark, USA http: //newark. rutgers. edu/~egovinst/Website/summary. htm

E-Government at a Glance Source: Taylor Nelson Sofres 2003 Survey of 32 Countries

People find E-Government useful for… The major Government Online use continues to be Information Seeking Source: Taylor Nelson Sofres Survey 2003 of 32 Countries

Common E-Government Strategies across countries n Identify key e-Government priorities and the limits of e-Government in the area of G 2 B, G 2 C and G 2 G. n Adopt customer-centred approach n Develop appropriate and affordable architecture: infrastructure, technological and legislative n Foster public-private partnerships n Create robust implementation and monitoring plan

Companies / Vendors undertaking EGovernment Projects: a glimpse Wipro Technologies Dubai (Municipality E-Government) n Siemens Technologies Latvia (Border control), Hungary (Digital archive of notarized documents), Ukraine (Border Authority), South Africa (Department of Labour) n Compu. Search USA (Federal e-procurement) n Booz Allen Hamilton USA (Electronic tax products and services) n IBM Brunei, Austria (Ministry of Justice) n Sigma Indonesia (E-commerce applications) n

E-Government Where Are We? Politically Relevant Customer Centred Desired Model Not. Customer Centred Will not find users or become popular Not Politically Relevant Will not renovate government processes or enhance efficiency Will not make any difference

For more information: Vikas Nath Founder, The Digital Governance Initiative Vice-President, Commonwealth Centre for Electronic Governance, India http: //www. Digital. Governance. org A network of over 2800 individuals with National Networks in India, Ghana, Nigeria and Nepal. Vikas @ Digital. Governance. org Vikas @ Electronic. Gov. India. net