Verb-ing form Verb-ing phrases Tongzhou Jinsha Middle

Verb-ing form & Verb-ing phrases Tongzhou Jinsha Middle School

To get to know how a verb-ing form can be used as an adjective or adverb To learn how to use a verb-ing phrase To learn to identify the functions of a verb-ing form

Observe the sentences you have learned. 1. These feelings can be thought of as growing pains. (M 1 U 2) 2. We’re going to visit so many exciting places and do lots of extraordinary things. (M 2 U 2) 3. There a lot of amazing adventures to have and places to see in the world. (M 2 U 2)

4. Upon finishing his studies, he started traveling in China. (M 1 U 1) 5. After graduating from university, he went to China to study Chinese. (M 1 U 1) 6. Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10. 45 p. m. (M 2 U 1) 7. The Chinese led the way at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, winning 51 gold medals. (M 4 U 2)

8. By the 1920 s, he had become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. (M 2 U 3) 9. She could feel her heart beating with fear. (M 3 U 1) 10. Other types of waste flow into our water, killing river and sea life. (M 5 U 2)

Observe more sentences from this unit. 1. Having worked with many environmental consultants, I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time. 2. Asking around, I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment. 3. We are making bigger holes in the nets, hoping to avoid catching fish that are not fully grown.

to test your sense of observation to test your ability of shortterm memory to test your ability to highlight the language points Guess

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. growing 1. These feelings can be thought of as _______ (grow) pains. 2. We’re going to visit so many _______ exciting (excite) places and do lots of extraordinary things. amazing 3. There a lot of ____ (amaze) adventures to have and places to see in the world.

4. Upon _______ (finish) his studies, he finishing started traveling in China. graduating 5. After _____ (graduate) from university, he went to China to study Chinese. 6. Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking _______ (walk) towards his house at 10. 45 p. m. 7. The Chinese led the way at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, _______ (win) 51 gold winning medals.

8. By the 1920 s, he had become an explorer, searching ____ (search) for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. beating 9. She could feel her heart _______ (beat) with fear. 10. Other types of waste flow into our killing water, _____river and sea life.

Sentences from this unit. Having 1. ______ (have) worked with many environmental consultants, I know that a healthy environment and development should be possible at the same time. 2. ______ (ask) around, I find many people Asking willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment. 3. We are making bigger holes in the nets, hoping ______ (hope) to avoid catching fish that are not fully grown.

verb-ing 形式，非谓语动词的一种肯定式构成成份动名词现在分词否定式 V+ing not V + ing 主语表语宾语宾补定语状语

Can you change the following attributive clauses into verb-ing form? The verb-ing forms in these sentences are all used as the attribute. 1. A taxi which is waiting is around the corner. Go and take it. A waiting taxi is around the corner. Go and take it.

2. The boy who was smiling ran to his mother. The smiling boy ran to his mother. 3. The woman who is running works in the bank. The running woman works in the bank. 4. The young child who is crying is lost. The crying young child is lost.

Rewrite these sentences, using clauses introduced by when, after, because, as a result, and if etc. 1. Knowing that there was a dog outside, the little boy didn’t open the door. Because he knew that there was a dog outside, the little boy didn’t open the door.

2. Having plenty of money, she was able to go anywhere on holidays. Because she had plenty of money, she was able to go anywhere on holidays. 3. Lucy and Lily, looking so alike, are often mistaken for twins. Lucy and Lily are often mistaken for twins because they look so alike.

4. The couple went shopping, leaving their eldest daughter alone at home. The couple went shopping. As a result, they left their eldest daughter alone at home. 5. Time permitting, I will meet you for lunch. If time permits, I will meet you for lunch.

Rewrite the sentences, using the verb-ing form. 1. When he lay in bed, he read a book. He lay in bed, reading a book. 2. He read the newspaper while he was waiting for the bus. Waiting for the bus, he read the newspaper.

3. He wrote a letter to the professor again, for he didn’t receive a reply. Not having received a reply, he wrote a letter to the professor again. 4. After I had finished my homework, I sat down to eat my dinner. Having finished my homework, I sat down to eat my dinner.

1. 作定语 Verb-ing可用作定语，修饰名词，作用相当于一个定语从句。 In the following years he worked even harder. = In the years that followed he worked even harder. The man talking to the teacher is our monitor’s father. = The man who is talking to the teacher is our monitor’s father.

2. 作表语主语的性质、 Verb-ing作表语多表示主语所具有的特特征、多表示主动，征或属性，这时通常可以把其看作形容词。主语多为物 The news was really exciting. The story he told us was really terrifying. Compare: 接近名词，表示动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性 Our work is serving the people. 的动作，有时可以用it作 My hobby is collecting stamps. 形主语，作表语时可以和主语互换位置 Her uncle’s job is designing new machines.

I saw him playing on the playground at this time yesterday. He was seen playing on the playground at this time yesterday. Can you get the machine going again?

3. 作宾语(主语)补足语 Verb-ing作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上的主谓关系，一般为宾语所做的动作；它所表示的动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行，强调动作的过程。在英语中，常见的能使用verb-ing作宾语补足语的动词有： feel, smell, watch, see, hear, notice, catch, leave, find, keep, have等。

直接用现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主谓语动词 4. 作状语的主语保持一致！！！ Verb-ing作状语。 Having finished my homework, I sat down to eat my dinner. Realizing that it was a big mistake, the little girl try her best to save it. The factory keeps giving off smoke, making the air dirty.

“名/代词 + verb- ing”，独立(主格)结构如果verb-ing的主语与主谓语动词的主语不一致 ? Weather permitting, we will have a football match tomorrow. The weather being fine, we went for a walk. There being no bus, we had to walk home.

一些独立结构： speaking 1. Generally _____ (speak), we have learnt a lot in this school. Judging 2. ____ (judge) from/by his appearance, he is somebody.

特殊结构： 1. Considering his age, he has done a good job. 2. Concerning your request, we have talked about it at the meeting. 3. Supposing/Suppose it rains, what shall we do?

Time for reflection 1. We can use a verb-ing as: ______, the attributive the predicative the adverbial _______, ______ and the object complement __________. 2. The perfect form of a verb-ing is having + verb-ed ________. time 3. Verb-ing phrases can express: ______, reason result condition ____, _______, and ____.

verb-ing 形式，非谓语动词的一种肯定式构成成份动名词现在分词否定式 V+ing not V + ing 主语表语宾语宾补定语状语

Quiz I: Multiple choice. 1. ____ the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found 2. ____ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known

3. The sun began to rise in the sky, _____ the mountain in golden light. A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. have bathed 4. Lionel Messi , _____ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe. A. set B. setting C. to set D. having set

5. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ____ for her. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting 6. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner. A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood

7. _____ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not 8. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _____ me stories till I fell asleep. A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell

9. Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized 10. _____ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New i. Pad. A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand

11. The lecture, ___ at 7: 00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. starting B. being starting C. to start D. to be started 12. He got up late and hurried to his office, ____ the breakfast untouched. A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left

13. I looked up and noticed a snake ____ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 14. ______ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it soon or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base

Quiz II: Use verb-ing in your writing. 1. 因为不知道怎样去公园，他向警察求助。 Not knowing how to go to the park _______________, he turned to the police for help. 2. 整天忙着做饭，她看上去有些疲倦。 Cooking all day long _________, she looked tired. 3. 从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。 Judging from his face __________, he must be ill.

4. 家长们不应该让孩子们整天学习。 Parents should not ________ have their children studying all day _______. 5. 当我在街上走时，我看到他了。 _________, I saw him. Walking in the street 6. 只要你努力学习，就会成功。 Working hard, you will succeed ______________.

7. 他的父母去世了，给他留下一大笔钱。 His parents died, _________ leaving him a lot of _______. money 8. 请用另外一种方法回答这个问题。 Please answer the question using _______________ another way ________. 9. “The trees were planted three years said the farmer happily pointing 10. ago, ”_____________ __ at the hills 11. _____(这位农民指着小山高兴地

1. Review the use of “verb-ing 2. form”. 2. Do the exercises A, B on Page 29, and the exercise on Page 31.