Vehicles — An Integral Part of the Io

Vehicles - An Integral Part of the Io. T In 2015, almost 1/3 of new vehicles in developed countries had internet connectivity In 2020, more than 3/4 of new vehicles in developed countries are expected to have internet connectivity Pg 2 | Applications Toll collection Telematics Remote diagnostics Navigation Infotainment Fleet management Point number one to be discussed ADAS (advanced driver assistance systems) and automated driving EVs - smart charging, power management V 2 X - safety, congestion management Intermodal communication Parking management Mobility services Insurance

Communications for Connected Vehicles Connected vehicles communicate with all segments of the Io. T ecosystem Back-end servers "Fog (edge-or-the-network) services Storage and processing located between clouds and end-points for faster interactions Communications traffic hubs End-point devices such as toll gates, parking meters, key fobs, and phones Pg 3 | Communications with different devices require different technologies Bluetooth Cellular Wired DSRC Wi-Fi

Emerging Communications Technologies IEEE 802. 11 p for DSRC is 15 -year-old technology The workaround to enable fast device connections disabled standard IEEE 802. 11 authentication and data confidentiality Needs special IEEE 1609 standards for limited security Increases equipment costs LTE-V is the logical replacement of IEEE 802. 11 p Uses existing infrastructure for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V 2 I) communications Low latency LTE Direct well suited to dedicated short-range communications for vehicle-to-vehicle (V 2 V) communications Pg 4 |

Over-the-Air (OTA) Updates: Necessary for In-Vehicle Software The complexity of in-vehicle software for highly automated driving makes updates of software necessary Correct issues Add capabilities Other vehicle software can benefit from OTA updates Bridge the difference between automotive and other product lifecycles Enable continued security and functionality OTA software updates require unfailing cybersecurity If cybersecurity is fail-safe for OTA updates of in-vehicle software, it can also handle data for automated driving and less challenging applications Pg 5 |

ITU Work on OTA Updates ITU is taking the lead on cybersecurity for OTA software updates Draft ITU-T Recommendation in progress Regularly updated list of ITS-related work items in ITU: http: //www. itu. int/en/ITUT/extcoop/cits/Documents/ITS%20 work%20 i tems. xlsx Pg 6 |

UNECE WP. 29: The World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations Develops vehicle regulations that are adopted by contracting parties (many nations and the European Union) Intro: http: //www. unece. org/trans/main/wp 29/introduction. html Homepage: http: //www. unece. org/trans/main/welcwp 29. html Pg 7 |

UNECE WP. 29 ITS/AD: Informal Group for Intelligent Transport Systems - Automated Driving Session 8 held on 9 March 2016 ITU presented three contributions on cybersecurity at session 8 ITU activities on secure vehicle software updates Secure Over-the-Air Vehicle Software Updates: Operational and Functional Requirements Draft Recommendation ITU-T X. itssec-1: Secure software update capability for intelligent transportation system communication devices See documents ITS/AD-08 -08, ITS/AD-08 -10 at https: //www 2. unece. org/wiki/pages/viewpage. action? page. Id=29884809 Pg 8 |

Thank You 4 -5 July Tokyo TTC ITU Workshop on ITS Communications ITU CITS Meeting Pg 9 |