b28aee24fb3844f96195c069c832c109.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 77
Vaccines and Vaccine Delivery Systems of the Future Bruce G. Weniger, MD, MPH Assistant Chief for Vaccine Development Immunization Safety Branch Epidemiology and Surveillance Division National Immunization Program, CDC Course: Vaccines and Immunization - 2004 (IH 591 B / EPI 591 V) Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, 19 November 2004
Vaccines and Vaccine Delivery Systems of the Future 1. Rapidly expanding basic science knowledge 2. Fruits of biotechnology: new and improved vaccines 3. Future vaccine constructs and technologies 4. Future (and re-emerging) vaccine delivery technologies
Journal Citations in National Library of Medicine* to Search Terms “Vaccines” or “Vaccination”, 1951 - 2002 * NLM MEDLINE Gateway: http: //gateway. nlm. nih. gov/gw/Cmd 2003 -Dec-02
NIH Jordan Reports on the Vaccine Development Pipeline
Maurice Hilleman ! ! ! Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Merck and Company Shepherded many cell culture products from the laboratory to commercial availability, including:
2. The Fruits of Biotechnology: New and Improved Vaccines ! ! Newly Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Recent/Expected Improvements on Existing Vaccines
Newly Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Recent/Expected Improvements on Existing Vaccines U. S. Licensed ! Hepatitis B, recombinant 1986 ! Haemophilus influenzae B, conjugated 1990 for use in infants ! Polio, inactivated, enhanced potency 1990 ! Pertussis, acellular 1992 ! Streptococcus pneumoniae , conjugated 2000 for use in infants
3. Future Vaccine Constructs and Technologies ! Genetically-engineered live vectors ! Nucleic acid vaccines ! Recombinant plants and plant viruses ! Synthetic immune-stimulating complexes ! Microencapsulation of antigen ! New adjuvants
Traditional Vaccine Type Classifications - I
Traditional Vaccine Type Classifications - II
Newer Vaccine Type Classification(s)
Future Vaccine Constructs and Technologies – Recombinant Live Vectors
Future Vaccine Constructs and Technologies – Recombinant Live Vectors
Future Vaccine Constructs and Technologies – Nucleic Acid Vaccines
Bioengineered Plant Vaccines - 1
Bioengineered Plant Vaccines - 2 Source: Charles Arntzen, Arizona State Univ. , www. hhs. gov/nvpo/meetings/dec 2003/Contents/Friday. AM
Bioengineered Plant Vaccines - 3 Source: Charles Arntzen, Arizona State University
Bioengineered Plant Vaccines - 4
Synthetic Virus-like Particles as Vaccine Constructs ! ! “Virosomes™” ! “Phage T 4 Display” Cath U. Am. ) “ISCOMS®” (Berna Biotech) (CSL, Pty) “Proteosomes™” (ID Biomedical) “Alphavirus-like particles / VEE replicons” (Alpha. Vax) (Walter Reed AIR,
Synthetic Virus-like Particles - 1
Synthetic Virus-like Particles - 2
Future Vaccine Constructs and Technologies – Microencapsulation
“Cochleate” Encapsulation
Future Vaccine Constructs and Technologies – Adjuvants
4. Future (and Re-emerging) Vaccine Delivery Technologies
Why Needle-syringe Alternatives Are Needed - 1
Why Needle-syringe Alternatives Are Needed - 2
Smallpox mass campaign, New York City, 1947 ! ! ! 12 cases (2 fatal) of smallpox >5 million persons vaccinated in 1 -2 weeks Required “ 1, 000 s” of MDs, RNs
Polio Vaccine (POL IPV) Mass Campaigns, 1950 s
Vaccine Doses Distributed in the U. S. , 1962 -2000 Millions of Doses, Net Swine “flu” campaign MEA MUM RUB MEA-RUB MUM-RUB
Jet injectors for Mass Campaigns
Immunogenicity of Jet-injected Vaccines www. cdc. gov/nip/dev/jetinject. htm#bibliography
Safety Concerns over Multi-use-nozzle Jet Injectors
Archives of Internal Medicine 1990; 150: 1923 -1927
U. S. -licensed devices filled by end-user “off-tool” single- or multi-dose vial: Biojector® 2000 Antares Pharma Vitajet® Injex® Entire device 1 -use disposable: J-Tip® Some investigational devices intended for manufacturer pre-filling: Entire device 1 -use disposable (high speed? ): Mini-Imojet® Intra. Ject® Pen. Jet™
Biojector® 2000 Customer Location Applications No. Injections Oct. 2003 through Oct. 2004 Naval Hospital Great Lakes, USS Red Rover Great Lakes, IL Mass immunization, Healthcare operations for military recruits Over 350, 000 US Coast Guard Training Center Cape May, NJ Mass immunization, Healthcare operations for military recruits 35, 000 Naval Hospital and associated outpatient medical clinics Pensacola, FL Immunization for adult and pediatric patients 50, 000 Naval Ambulatory Care Clinic Port Hueneme, CA Immunization for adult patients, Mass immunization for service members Naval Hospital Bremerton, WA Immunization for adult and pediatric patients Naval Hospital Guam, Pacific Islands, USA Immunization for adult and pediatric patients, Mass immunization for service members 20, 000
JI-SC JI-IM NS-IM JI-SC: JI-IM: NS-IM: Source: Jackson, et al. Vaccine 2001; 19: 4703 -4709
Lectra. Jet® – Motorized Model
Lectra. Jet ® Cartridges
Demonstration of Lectra. Jet® Jet Injector, High-speed Model
Convenient Intradermal Injection by Jet Injection Older MUNJI models ID nozzle IM nozzle
Convenient Intradermal Injection by Jet Injection Newer DCJI models
Future (and Re-emerging) Vaccine Delivery Technologies
Live, trivalent, attenuated influenza vaccine
Virosome intranasal influenza vaccine
Internal anatomy of nose
Intranasal Delivery of “Proteosomes™” ! ! Nanoparticles from bacterial outer membrane protein ID Biomedical, Canada Source: Louis Fries, ID Biomedical Corp. ; www. hhs. gov/nvpo/meetings/dec 2003/Contents/Friday. PM/
Source: Louis Fries, ID Biomedical Corp. ; www. hhs. gov/nvpo/meetings/dec 2003/Contents/Friday. PM/
Source: Louis Fries, ID Biomedical Corp. ; www. hhs. gov/nvpo/meetings/dec 2003/Contents/Friday. PM/
Optinose “Bi-directional” Nasal Delivery Device - Video http: //www. optinose. no/technology/optinose_bidirectionalvideo. asp
Future (and Re-emerging) Vaccine Delivery Technologies
Aerosol measles vaccination Bulletin W HO ©October 2002 Infectious Diseases in Children ©May 2000
A New Device for Measles Mass Vaccination by Aerosol Low Thermal/Mechanical Stress on Virus Compatible with Nasal Prong or Mask
Aerosol inhalation measles vaccination
Future (and Re-emerging) Vaccine Delivery Technologies
Cutaneous Immunization - I
Source: Powder. Ject plc
Cutaneous Immunization - II
“Epidermal Powder Immunization” - 1
“Epidermal Powder Immunization” - 2 Human trial: trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine
On. Vax™ Microenhancer Arrays, Becton-Dickinson Mikszta, et al. Nature Medicine April 2002; 8(4): 415 -19
Other pathways through stratum corneum ! ! 3 M Corp. - “Microstructured Transdermal Systems” Alza Corp. ! Altea Therapeutics Macroflux® “Electroporation” via Pass. Port™ ! GA Tech - “microneedles” ! Many, many others
Laser “Ablation” of Stratum Corneum Norwood Abbey, Ltd. Victoria, Australia www. norwoodabbey. com
Cutaneous Immunization - III
Iomai, Inc. , Gaithersburg, MD, USA
Source: Iomai, Inc.
Cutaneous Immunization - IV
Future (and Re-emerging) Vaccine Delivery Technologies
Aerosol Anthrax and Plague Vaccines Source: Jim Eyles, Dstl, MOD, www. hhs. gov/nvpo/meetings/dec 2003/Contents/
Spiros® Powder delivery system Dura Pharmaceuticals, Inc. San Diego, CA (Elan)
Future (and Re-emerging) Vaccine Delivery Technologies
Oral vaccines
Live Oral Cholera Vaccine Source: Myron Levine, University of Maryland
Live Oral Typhoid Vaccine Source: Myron Levine, University of Maryland
Future (and Re-emerging) Vaccine Delivery Technologies Thank you.


