Using Entrepreneurship for social change Dr Shailendra Vyakarnam

Using Entrepreneurship for social change Dr Shailendra Vyakarnam

Entrepreneurship – EU definition • Ideas into action (so not just about starting businesses) • OK – Entrepreneurship for social change? • What social change • Where do the ideas come from • What do we mean by action?

What are the drivers for social change?

The drivers for change…. Socio-political India Berlin Wall Hasselhof China Completely new markets Migrations Within and into Europe Is there a shift in economic centre of gravity? Single Economic system

The pyramid – Humans in a free market view? Empowering growth Just another market

What social objectives do we have? • Affordable healthcare? • Job security • Sense of opportunity in local areas • Educational infrastructure • Other…. Next – looking at action…. .

Action needs entrepreneurs Nascent Novice Serial Habitual Corporate Social Civic Academic High growth Necessity based Tribal or community

Some examples of major societal change through entrepreneurship Sir Frank Whittle (left) Dr. Hans von Ohain Technology push or market pull…. The Jet Engine story

More examples. . Making a united Europe a reality Transforming lives of the poor Democratising knowledge Creating breakthrough technology enterprises

Fig 2 Time and money Acorn Top Express ARM ANT CDT ESI Virata n. Cipher Net Channel Solexa Abcam Adaptive Broadband • Raised £ 161 m at start-up • Trade exit valuations £ 1. 76 bn • IPO valuations £ 1. 08 bn CSR Element 14 Plastic Logic Tenison Trigenix Arakis C Broadband Teraview Artimi Level 5 Network Nujira Bango Daniolabs Cellcentric 78, 79 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07

Real. VNC Virtual Network Merged with Andy Hopper Level 5 Network Computing Globespan Andy Hopper Steve Pope Andy Hopper Ubisense Peter Warton Andy Hopper Cambridge Andy Hopper Andy Ward Broadband Acquired by IPV (Telemedia Hermann Hauser Acquired by American Pete Western Acquired by AT &T Systems) Andy Hopper Microwave Virata(ATML) Steggles Multiplex Adaptive Simon Elliott Hermann Hauser Corp Broadband Terra. Prise David Cleevely Amadeus Capital Partners VBN Olivetti Hermann Hauser Tensails n. Cipher online Research Lab Alex van Someren Mike Muller Splashpower Richard Green Andy Hopper Acquired by Tudor Brown Acquired by Nicko van Someren Broadcom ARM Jamie Urquhart Lily Chang GE ANT Element 14 Icera Acquired by Richard Green Small Alex van Someren James Hay Olivetti Stan Boland Authur Chance World Nicko van Someren Simon Knowles Dick Newell Cambridge Interactive Systems Part of DAKO Dako. Cytomation John Snyder Dick Newell, Tom Sancha Diagnostics Merged with Webtop Acorn Charles Lang Hermann Hauser, Chris Keightley Cytomation Inc Hermann IQ Bio Shape Data Peter Duffett-Smith Smartlogik CAD Hauser Netchannel Acquired by CPS Hermann Hauser Acquired by Dialog Hermann Hauser NTL Top Jack Lang Cambridge Jack Lang Electronic Share Jack Lang express University Information Fig 1 Laser-Scan Analysys Muscat John Snyder Martin Porter R. O. Frisch David Cleevely Enterprise Accelerator John Snyder Cambridge Adam Twiss Zeus Semiconductor David Reeves Technology Gehan Amaratunga Florin Udrea Pilgrim Beart Active. RF Saviso Group Adam Twiss Bryan Amesbury Pilgrim Beart Richard Friend Plastic Logic 1986 -1990 Daniel Hall Antenova Richard Friend Until 1985 ART David Cleevely Cambridge Hermann Hauser Network Alec Broers 1991 -1995 Collin Ager Garraint Davies Innovia Polight Technologies 1996 -2000 Stephen Elliott Pavel Krecmer Acquired by E* Trade CDT Cambridge 3 G David Cleevely M-Spatial 2001 -2002 Adrian Cuthbert Jon Billing Acorn alumni

Cambridge Interactive System University MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Sinclair Radionics 1960 CCL CAD Centre Barclays Bank Sinclair Research Ltd 1970 Cambridge Science Park Analysys Glaxo PA Technology Acorn Olivetti Research Laboratory (acquired by Seiko Epson AT&T in 1999) Research Lab Toshiba Cambridge Research Laboratory 1980 Judge Institute of Management Studies St. John Innovation Centre Cambridge Research and Innovation Ltd (CRIL) Scientific Generics The Technology Partnership TTP 1990 Unilever Cambridge Centre for Molecular Informatics Cambridge Network Nickerson Biotech Laboratory Eicon Research Ltd Institute of Biotechnolog y Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory Cantab Pharmaceuticals Amadeus Capital Partners Institute of Manufacturing 2000 Entropic Research Laboratory (acquired by Microsoft in 1999) BP TTP Ventures Glaxo Institute of Applied Pharmacology

Impact • Personal wealth! • New technologies – microprocessors; broadband; wireless; OLEDS; and the applications of these to products • Spawned a new generation of entrepreneurs (role model effect) • Stimulated venture capital • Stimulated new forms of Government funding • Created interest in Universities – policy implications • New IP regime – enabling further technology transfer • Global mentality stirred up • Encouraged inward investment

Entrepr eneurs Are good for you

Let us go back a moment… • Entrepreneurship is about making ideas happen… • So we need ideas – for societal change • We need Entrepreneurship – or in any case entrepreneurs • We need to connect the two concepts • How. .

How to generate ideas? Peter Phillips and Alan Barrell Connections; Curiosity Brainstorming Diversity of people and resources

Inspire large numbers What is the risk – is it of failure or of never trying?

Priorities – how do we get to them? Open discussions Facilitated Dynamic Mentored Provision of tools and information

Need a framework on which we can build When the mind is full of small thoughts where is the space for big ideas

From Ideas to action needs…. A supportive journey Education Finance Institutions Media Government Family Etc. , Intent Self belief Confidence Have tried and succeeded Know How Building capacity With intent – to make a difference In their chosen field Skills Practise – Networking pitching Building track record Incremental experience To “Learning by Doing” Understand context And personal circumstances

Necessary conditions to achieve E 4 S • Needs a sense of the positive • A “What are you waiting for” attitude • Sense of being empowered to act • Presence of role models • Tolerance of failure • Skills, knowledge and networks • Practise

Actually Entrepreneurship – is a process. . • The process requires – – Entrepreneurial Skills – Ability to validate an idea - not just have them – Understand what investors are looking for • Acquire and practise skills – – Social; networking; presentation; lobbying; – Communicating the vision; getting buy-in from peers and from senior colleagues

Personal attributes • Self-belief - in the idea - its ability to make a difference and in ones own conviction of being able to make it happen • Perception of risk - is it reputational? Financial? Relational? • An opportunity that stimulates the motivation/intention • Personal circumstances • Entrepreneurial motivation Risk of doing something? – Or risk of never having done anything?

Fundamental understanding • Entrepreneurial behaviours are “bottom up” • They cannot be imposed “top-down” Think big and act fast to make a difference

Entrepreneurship action plan • Signalling from the top – – with resources • Clarify boundaries – what is in and what is out • Encourage early – - small victories to get into the habit • HR policies – web based rules - transparent • Education and training events • Broaden out the network • Need for diversity - like never before

There is much hard work – needs resource • Make it a tick box activity of marking companies we like: – – Socially relevant Socially responsible Socially meaningful. . Environmentally responsible – Charitable orientation • Create a list of what we do not like: – Begging, criminal, smuggling, Drugs, Sex, labour exploitation, protection rackets, – Arms companies – Tobacco companies – Chemicals companies – 4 WD Car manufacturers – And so on

In summary • Reflected on social change; entrepreneurship and how to get it stimulated and supported. • Hope there are ideas for stimulating a plan for action. . • Thank you: s. vyakarnam@jbs. cam. ac. uk Better to seek forgiveness than permission