User Tools and BIM Case Studies Deke Smith

User Tools and BIM Case Studies Deke Smith, Executive Director February 25, 2008 National Institute of Building Sciences International Alliance for Interoperability

Simple Message BIM is the tool building. SMART is the approach • Build building electronically before you build it physically • Collect information once and re-use throughout the facility lifecycle • Cut out non-value added effort (waste)

Simple Message • building. SMART will: – Deliver a facility sooner – A lower cost higher quality facility – With few or no change orders – Delver a more energy efficient facility – Deliver a more sustainable facility – Deliver a more environmentally friendly facility

Agenda • Last Month – BIM 101 • Tonight – building. SMART Case Studies – National BIM Standard – Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBIE) – Specifiers Property Sets – Sample Projects – BIMStorm Los Angles

Standards: NBIMS V 1 P 1 • Delivered Dec 27, 2007 • International Core • National Specific – Omni. Class • Information Exchange Concepts • Standard Development Process • Information Assurance • Capability Maturity Model • References and Appendices • Over 30 contributors

BIM Capability Maturity Model – A Self Assessment 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Data Richness – How complete is the model? Life-cycle Views – How many phases are included? Roles Or Disciplines – How many players? Business process – Are business processes defined? Change Management – Is change management process in place? Timeliness/ Response – How long does it take you to respond to RFI’s or Change Orders? Delivery Method – Is it single platform or SOA and web? Graphical Information – Are you using 3 D models? Spatial Capability – Is it tied to geospatial or spatially aware? Information Accuracy – Do you use information assurance for input and output? Interoperability/ IFC Support – Do you use IFC’s as a primary tool?

Business Process Change: Requirements Definition International Open Standards Based Technology Ifc, IDM, ERM, MDV, and IFD Library National BIM Standard Requirements Definition OGC Testbed Precast Vendor delivered product

Measuring Return on Investment Current Practice 2 D Architectural Façade - contract drawings Sketch layout of façades without drawing individual panels; connections not fixed 2 D Precast fabrication; Façades - & piece marks Re-drawn as assembly drawings; each piece then drawn from assembly, defining connections, embeds, passthrus, reinforcing New Practice 3 D Architectural Façade - contract model Assembly model with all piece marks identified; parts defined to reflect fabrication practices 3 D Precast Façade - generate piece marks Refine assembly model; pieces modeled in relation to assembly model, with connections, embeds, pass-thrus, reinforcing Shop Drawing coordination Production Floor Management Coordinate multiple drawing sets; management production on paper-based tracking Shop Model coordination Production Floor Management All pieces in 3 D make conflict checking simple, largely automated; materials, production tracked from assembly/erection model

Workflow Challenges - Integration Workflow – Architectural Precast – Georgia Tech

Measuring Return on Investment Labor hours comparison Profession Precaster Activity 2 D CAD 3 D BIM Productivity gain Drafting 830 350 58% Design 440 Total hours reported by Arkansas Precast: 830 + 440 = 1, 270 hours According to PCI Journal benchmark (Sacks et al. 2005) medium-sized architectural projects consume 37. 5 hr/1000 sq. ft. This façade is 35, 000 sq. ft. → 1, 312 hours. Sacks, R. , Eastman, C. M. , Lee, G. , and Orndorff, D. (2005). "A Target Benchmark of the Impact of Threedimensional Parametric Modeling in Precast Construction. " Journal of the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 50(4), 126 -139.

Business Process Change: AECOO Testbed Energy Code Compliance Checking Energy Analysis Costing AECOO Testbed Green Buildings

Business Process Change: COBIE Construction Operations Building Information Exchange Conception & Definition Phases Identify items from the specifications that will require warranty information COBIE will demonstrate the flow of information through the phases of a facility something that is not yet happening yet Is critical to realize the total potential ROI Procurement & Execution Phases Collect information as items are ordered and delivered such as who is warranting, when the warranty starts, how long is the warranty period, what preventive maintenance is required to keep the warranty in force Utilization & Closure Phases Read the information collected directly into your CMMS software to ensure that the warranties are supported

Business Process Change: Work Orders Product Selection Analysis Ordering & Invoicing Maintain COBIE Close Work Order When Model is Updated

Business Process Change: Coordinating Object Definitions ISO/PAS 16739 (Industry Foundation Class) ISO 15926 (Process Industry)

Business Process Change: Specifiers Property Sets • Specifiers Property Sets – June 08 Posting to WBDG – Candidate standard for NBIMS V 1 P 2 – Focus on items in spec not product – Manufacturers will provide objects with information specified in property sets Photo courtesy of Turner Construction Co.

Turning Waste into Value • Collaborative Design / Conflict Elimination – Eliminate RFI’s – Reduce change orders • Code Compliance Checking – Access, Life safety, Energy, Environmental • Value Engineering – Evaluating alternative methods of providing same or better functionality – Improving functionality of process or people – 3. 8% pays for facility • Reducing Energy Usage / Operating Cost – Energy analysis and investigations of alternatives – Daylighting analysis

Turning Waste Into Value • Reducing Sustainability Costs – Lifecycle Costing/Reserve Study • Improving Environmental Stewardship – Zero Carbon analysis – Construction and facility waste reduction and re-use – Alternative positioning and site design analysis • Quality Analysis – Wind flow, External pressures, snow drifting – Acoustic analysis • Visualization – Customer and constructability experiential opportunities

Building Virtually First – True As-Built Courtesy Benjamin D. Hall Interdisciplinary Research Building

Progression of Visualization Photorealistic images in 3 ds Max From Cadalyst Magazine “BIM and Visualization, Part 2 (1 -23 Revit Tutorial)” Aug 1, 2007 By: Rick Rundell, AIA, Some graphics by Autodesk Revit and RTKL, permission provided.

Case Study Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum STUDIO DANIEL LIBESKIND/DAVIS PARTNERSHIP ARUP M. A. MORTENSON STRUCTURAL CONSULTANTS, INC. DOWCO MILE HI DETAILERS ZIMMERMAN METALS Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Case Study Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum Contrary to the belief of some BIM does not stifle creativity… …in fact it enables it. Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

A Visual Reason For BIM Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum 2 D 3 D Visualization with Conflict Analysis Reality Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Case Studies – Conflict Analysis Daniel Libeskind’s Denver Art Museum Visualization during design and construction Better integration of systems and conflict analysis Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Culture Change at GM – Save 25% General Motors Flint Engine Plant addition 3 D modeling used to design plant in the computer, then to fabricate, computer model was forced to be the as-built model Slide courtesy of C. Eastman

Workflow Challenges – Design and Construction Owner ARCH SPEC ARCH Preliminary Design Model SIM COST SAFE OPER Working Design Model APPROVED ARCH PWR CONSTRUCT MECH Delivered Model SUP ELEC FAB GC STRU CIVIL After All Clashes Have Been Resolved Lock the Model and Build It OPER IOC FR

Business Needs - Improved Product Design 18 Design Reviews GC Bids GC Awd 3 4 Construction 2 55 4 Conventional Design/Bid/Build (80+ weeks, 60 Weeks if fast tracked) Field Changes Construction Design 12 48 1 Conventional Design/Build (60+ weeks, 50 Weeks if fast tracked) Design 10 -12 Field Changes Construction 38 0 3 D Collaborative Design/Build (48 weeks, 38 Weeks if fast tracked) General Motors Flint Engine 500, 000 SF Plant addition Field Changes

Multiple Types of Analysis from the Same Model Global V 6 engine plant for General Motors – Flint, MI (Courtesy: GHAFARI Associates)

Lean Construction Institute Engineering News Record November 26, 2007 Sutter Health “The process brought contractors in during the design phase which enabled collaborative building information modeling. That allowed the team to solve conflicts before construction…. Further the mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and fire protection trades reported only 43 hours of re-work out of 2, 500 hours of work. There were no requests for information or change orders from interferences between 3 D modeled systems. ”

BIM: Business Process Change Merging Integrated Project Delivery, Lean Construction and Building Information Modeling

Case Study Charlestown Casino & Slots Parking Garage

Summary Findings: Four Case Studies • Featured firms are leveraging BIM to: – enhance delivery and value of their core expertise – – streamline their workflow improve communication with clients, consultants, contractors broaden the services they offer to clients increase net revenue per employee and P/E ratio • Range of services to which BIM is being applied: – detailed feasibility studies (pre-design) – programming and planning (pre-design) – early cost estimating, value engineering (design development) – historic preservation (pre-design through construction)

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies OLBN Architectural Services, Inc. • Proposed Project Scope Support Program Development Study for: – – – proposed U. S. cabinet department headquarters facility 160 -acre urban campus – former St. Elizabeth's Hospital 61 existing buildings, nearly all historic 12 proposed new buildings 4 new parking garages Goal: provide sufficiently reliable construction cost information and support documentation for Congressional funding authorization request

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies OLBN Architectural Services, Inc. • Take into account: – – – – – clients’ program requirements federal historic preservation standards current building codes, including seismic codes LEED standards security requirements structural integrity of existing structures blast resistance requirements progressive collapse analysis sufficiently reliable documentation to support Congressional funding authorization request

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies OLBN Architectural Services, Inc. • Prepare detailed cost estimates (to the dollar) for three alternatives: – restoration of existing structures to federal historic preservation standards – gut rehab – blended solutions (exterior preservation, interior rehab) • Project schedule: – six weeks for construction cost estimate task order

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies OLBN Architectural Services, Inc. • How Did They Do It? – leveraged proprietary project management skills to assemble and lead expert team that included AEC Infosystems – used GSA-provided BIM models of existing buildings created by others from point-cloud 3 D laser scanning data – added detailed building component information to BIM models of existing buildings – prepared schematic design drawings from BIM model of restoration or renovation of existing buildings – provided detailed design and construction schematic drawings to engineering and cost estimating consultants

Case Study: BIM in support of feasibility studies OLBN Architectural Services, Inc. • Exceeding Client Expectations – provided detailed visualizations of design alternatives, giving graphical expression to construction cost estimates.

Case Study: BIM in support of programming & planning Onuma, Inc. • Leveraged planning knowledge and expertise to: – develop Web-based tools for real-time project programming and planning to meet specific client needs – move the benefits of BIM forward to pre-design phases – enable “multiple points of entry” for BIM data, including but not limited to geometry – allow users, project team members to view and manipulate BIM data in format that is most familiar and useful to them, with minimal skill – move from a service to a product business model (Onuma Planning System™)

Case Study: BIM in support of programming & planning Onuma, Inc.

Case Study: BIM in design development cost analysis FOX Architects “Constructable visualization” in design development phase

Case Study: BIM in support of historic preservation Martinez & Johnson Architects 3 D laser scan of existing historic theatre

Case Study: BIM in support of historic preservation Martinez & Johnson Architects Construction drawings developed from BIM model from scan data

Case Study: BIM in support of historic preservation Martinez & Johnson Architects Finished result: the renovated theatre

Four Case Studies What do these four firms have in common? – all are relatively small firms (OLBN, Onuma have fewer than 10 employees) – all are realizing tangible gains in productivity, team communication, and quality of service – none are waiting for the rest of the industry to jump on the BIM bandwagon; all are finding ways to exploit BIM now – all are leveraging BIM to enhance the value of their services and extend the range of their core competencies, not just BIMming for BIM’s sake – all have a strategy for defining business goals and implementing BIM for business reasons

Building Information Modeling Opportunities Architectural Heritage Conservation Palazzo Dugnani, Sala del Tiepolo Detailed Energy Simulation Courtesy Prof. Ezio Arlati, Politecnico Di Milano – Architecture Preservation

Case Study – Energy Analysis Energy Simulation of interoperable models by Energy Plus Courtesy Prof. Ezio Arlati, Politecnico Di Milano

Case Studies – Existing Facility Management Copyright Sydney Opera House. Courtesy Utzon Architects/Johnson Pilton Walker (Architects in collaboration), ARUP Sectional View of Sydney Opera House

BIMStorm LA –January 31, 2008

The BIMStorm Site - 1200 Buildings

Panorama of the BIMStorm LA Site

BIMStorm™ LA

Tower Interiors

24 Hours of BIMStorm

Wind Flow and Force Analysis

Wind Flow at Ground Level

Impact of Solar Radiation on Surrounding Buildings

Daylighting Penetration Study

Information Dissemination Press, Conferences, Webinars and other methods

Why Join the Alliance? • • • Participate in projects defining the future Leverage your implementation cost Reduce risk and time in implementation Learn from others successes and failures Obtain the latest practice information Attain a greater understanding of BIM Understand what is possible and what is not Don’t re-invent the wheel Identify others using BIM Lead don’t follow © M. A. Mortenson Company

How to join the Alliance? 1. Visit www. buildingsmartalliance. org 2. Apply on-line or contact: Deke Smith – dsmith@nibs. org (202) 289 -7800 or Peter Smeallie - smeallie@verizon. net

Questions? Deke Smith dsmith@nibs. org (202) 289 -7800

Thank You Deke Smith dsmith@nibs. org (202) 289 -7800