USE OF QR CODES IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION

USE OF QR CODES IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE (LISC) PRACTICES Presented by, Mangesh S. Talmale Librarian, Karve Institute of Social Service, Pune elibmangesh@gmail. com & Avinash Humbare Librarian, Baburaoji Gholap College, Pune E-mail: avinash. humbare@gmail. com

INTRODUCTION Due to ICT & Mobile technological impact new concepts are coming in the LISc profession and changing the practices adapted to face of Library Information Centres ( LICs) to fulfilling the reader’s expectations. In Mobile Environment, Mobile devices are changing the way information is delivered and accessed. An increasing number of libraries provide services and content delivery to mobile devices. According to many surveys on current technology trends in library and information science can be preferably considered for improving the status of libraries in the context of users expectation. With expanding digital resources, librarians must try to increase awareness of these new services and collections while making sure old formats are not being left behind. Many emerging technologies can be used to deliver & market library services. Trend of Mobile Tagging is one of the development on the mobile front. Mobile Tagging is a process that allows users to access digital content in their mobile device via an encoded object.

1 D & 2 D BARCODE 2 D Barcode Stored data in non-linear fashion, such codes known as two-dimensional code. 1 D Barcode A barcode is series of bars and spaces arranged according to a set of rules that determines how data is to be represented.

What is QR code q The QR (Quick response) codes, a type of 2 D barcode. q Developed in Japan By Denso-wave corporation in 1994 to track automotive parts. q Primary aim of a symbol to easily interpreted by scanner equipment. q They are sometimes referred as 2 D codes, 2 D barcodes, mobile codes & also known as a matrix code. q 2 D codes that do not need a specialized scanner to read them. q Scan with a smart phone or web cam. q They are a convenient way to add the virtual to the physical to provide useful content. q Marketing/Advertisement Tool q QR Codes can contains different information: ü Provide more text , ü Link to Website, ü Transfer phone Number, ü Send it an SMS to phone ü Link to RSS feed

QR CODES FEATURE A QR Code is dynamic: if a code that prompts a mobile device to open a page on your library website. if the URL ever changes, you can revise the underlying data without having to alter the code’s image. QR Codes are freely available QR is an ISO standards QR is well designed with a higher capacity than other matrix codes & with error correction capabilities. Upto 30% of damaged or obscured data can be restored. QR is enriching: QR codes ties the physical to digital.

Need of the study It is essential to use and awareness of information sources, services and information communication technology in every walk of life. Consequently, following reasons, there is urgent need to carry out the present study to cope for the futures. q. To increase the amount of information stored by bar codes, such as increasing the number of bar code digits or layout multiple bar codes. However, these improvements also caused problems such as enlarging the bar code area, complicating reading operations, and increasing printing cost. q main purpose of library is to maximize use of its resources. q. Mobile technology is rapidly evolving, becoming more popular, bridge the connection between print and web with the scan codes and easier to use than typing out URL’S on a smart phone. Mobile site creation by academic institutions, easy social network access, and the growing number of popular mobile apps, points to the likelihood that more students will option for convenient and useful data available to them, via. Handheld devices (Smart phones or cell phones).

Need of the study q Many of our students are using handheld devices in their daily activities on campus and have recently seen an uptick in requests for assistance connecting i. Phones to our wireless network. q. Consequently, QR codes are a convenient way to add the virtual to the physical to provide useful content, often at the time of need and it’s storage capacity accommodates a variety of data beyond numbers including Text, Hyperlink, Telephone number (Phone call), SMS/MMS message, Email (Send message) etc.

Objectives: q. To Study the QR Code application for LISc practices; q. To motivate the LISc professionals for use of QR code applications; q. To increase the QR code awareness and usages of library resources; q. To promote the QR Code for marketing and popularization of LISc services, events, products among users.

Review of Literature • Pranch and Kanji in the titled an application on 3 G mobile phone and two dimension barcode in classroom communication support systeme valuation (which will be conducted in December, 2006 and May, 2007) focused on how users make use of the QR code in the current system, which contains class attendance, class evaluation and student collaborative functions. • Okazaki, et. al. (2012) found three studies in Japan indicated that QR codes were largely used in print media for promoting loyalty programs, convenience, savings. • Walsh, Andrew(2011) explained the use of technologies including GPS, QR codes and RFID tags to personalize the learning environments in academic libraries and reported on the use of QR codes at the University of Huddersfield, including information on how the QR codes have been received by users.

QR Code Tools Three things are required in order to successfully decode a QR code: q Smartphone, Desktop (with a camera), q QR code Scanning Software application, and q Internet Connection (either through the phone’s data plan or over a sitegenerated wireless network).

QR Code Generator & Reader Software's Generator(Phone) § QR Stuff § Kaywa Generator (Desktop) § Quick Mark § ZXing Decoder Reader (Phone) § Scan. Life § Bee. Tagg § Read. Laser § AT&T Code Scanner § Microsoft Tag § i-Nigma § Kaywa Reader(Desktop) § Quick Mark § ZXing Decoder

How to generate QR Code and read(Decode) using computer? • Start internet connection • Open the www. google. com and type the QR code generator and QR code decoder and click on go button. • We will find many softwares • Free and easily operational QR Code software will be used. eg. ZXing QR code generator and Zxing Decoder online for read

Computer Generate QR Code using ZXing

Computer Read (Decode) QR Code using Zxing decoder online

How to generate QR Code and Read using Smart Phone? 1. Many of smartphones already have installed inbuilt QR code. Those Smart phones are not installed QR Code. They can following procedure 2. Start internet connection. 3. Open the Play. Store (Google Play) link to www. google. com and type the QR Code generator and QR code decoder and click on go button. 4. We will find many softwares free and easily operational QR Code software will be used. eg. QR code generator(YKART, Excelsior Studios) and Scan. Life, Neo. Reader for read Smartphone Read (Decode) QR Code using Scan. Life software Smartphone Read the QR code by Users

QR Codes Challenges: • Poor implementation of QR Codes • Need for education and promotion • Privacy issues • Overuse • Not everyone owns internet enable device • Lack of user awareness and education • Everyone does not have a smart phone or device • Some phones may be handicapped by their other features. • Limited or low budgets, competing priorities, skills and perception, overburdened library technologies and /or insufficient skills on site • Lack of standards for mobile content(Hampton, et. al. , 2011, Thomas, 2012).

QR Codes Opportunities: • QR Code technology provides opportunities to increase the boundaries of anytime and anywhere learning for students to increase flexibility in time and location of study, in terms of availability of information and resources, synchronous and asynchronous communication and various types of interaction via. The World Wide Web. • QR code offer the opportunity for the expansion of existing library based services through the mobile technology. • Emerging technologies offer opportunities for creative integration with library services. Staff should be encouraged to explore, learn, and recommended how these technologies might fit into the library’s suite of services. • Administrators should determine and define the policies and standards by which these technologies may be actively employed only by participating in the mobile/social members of our libraries. • Establishing standards to support such endeavors require librarians to think strategically about how, when and where to apply resources for technological innovations. Moreover, a well-documented policy ensures a collective understanding of institutional goals and sets criteria for evaluation, improvement, and future innovations (Thomas, 2010)

QR Codes Initiatives in International and National Scenario: • The QR code was first designed for the automotive industry. Now QR codes are used everywhere starting from products to webpages, advertising, mobile money transactions and goods inventories. Storing URLs, these can be found on magazine, buses and business cards (Burkya, 2012). • QR code application are used in international university, college libraries and museums eg. University of Bath Library, United Kingdom, University of Huddersfield Library, Providence College Library, US, Museums and Cultural Institutions Powerhouse Museum, Sydney Australia, Cleveland Art Museum, Cleveland Ohio etc. • A Google trends report on search patterns for QR codes puts India at the eighth place in the world in India, Mid Day was one of the first publication in India to use QR codes to link video play and an option to answer a quiz. • Ford, used QR code to promote Ford Figo. Users were asked to download an application that read QR code by sending a text message. They could then play a video of the Figo on their mobile device.

QR Codes Initiatives in International and National Scenario: • . Customer Centria have used QR codes in promotional campaigns of Godrej’s social networking site Gojiyo and Taj Hotel’s holiday packages (Sahay& Mishra, 2012). • Cyber. Media a specialty media company with magazines such as PCQuest, DQIndia, Voice & Data etc. , started implementing plenty of QR codes in the print editions of PCQuest • These QR codes would point to different places such as videos, web pages, data capture and response form, a test site, advertisements, reader contests, discount for subscriptions, events and key announcements. These QR codes were put to use in the March 2011 edition(Lakhina, (2011). • Presently many national and regional newspapers published the QR code to promote the real estate, malls, jewelry shops etc. • Government of India takes initiative to published QR code on Aadhar Card. • Some University published QR code in magazines or newspapers for advertised the Common Entrance Test(CET). • Publishers also taken initiatives to published the QR codes on books, journals to know the authors, contents, articles and link to the website.

Application of QR code Technology in LISc Reference queries in the format of Text List of Important information sources, Periodicals, New books arrivals, Rarer books collection, CD/DVD etc. Circular, Notice, entrance examination result, Library Timing, collection, services , source and rules etc. SMS Additional Website Informatio n Geo. Informatio n Library Website, Audio Video tour Web OPAC, Book. Review, E-Book, EJournal, E-Database, Wiki, Blog, Social Networking Site, E-mail discussion forum , Podcast, Online entrance Information Booklet and sources , Online information resources. ASK a Librarian, FAQ etc. Application of QR code Technology in LISc RSS Linking to Geographical Information Contact Information Teacher, Researcher, students, Research. Guide, Resource. Person, Publisher, Librarian(ILLService) etc. . Important Websites, Wiki, Blog, Social Networking Site, Information centre, conference, Seminar, Workshop, Periodical. TOC, New spaper Contents alert, etc. .

QR Code @ Book for Contents

QR Code @ Book for Author’s Profile

QR Code @ Journal Article for Journal website link

QR CODE IN LIBRARIES FOR PROMOTE LIBRARY EVENTS /SPECIAL COLLECTIONS

Create digital “wayfinders” in the stacks Source: http: //goo. gl/b. Gz 1 y Source: http: //lib. byu. edu/sites/qrcodes/

In the Academic area, both the university of Bath & University of Huddersfield in the United Kingdom added QR codes to records in their Library catalogs.

QR codes uses as a digital supplement to museum & special collections exhibits may be found around the internet.

Providence college library was initiated used of QR codes in 2009. They prepared QR Lib. Guide, promotional materials for banned books

METRICS q Bettagg’s Built in statistical tool has been very helpful to use tracking scans of the QR codes. q Statistics are kept online for each individual QR codes. q Beetag provides the total number of scans in both text & graphical (month by month) form.

Role of LISc Professionals: • LISc professionals efforts will attempt to attract new users, expand the usage of current users, and highlight specific library products. • They should design a QR code campaign a plan to reach all user community. They should take initiatives to offer the value added library services to users by using QR code viz. text messaging reference services and notifications, mobile library websites, quick linkage to website, free e-resources website, PPT, newsletter, forms and mobile friendly online catalogs led the way, research guides, digital collections, Linking to proprietary databases, virtual public services to meet immediate and emerging needs of mobile users (Thomas, 2010). • For that they should require effective planning, clear policies, procedures, regular training and communication.

Conclusion: • In the present digital environment, use of internet through mobile phones, smart phones, and tablet PCs have been increased tremendously among youths all over the world. • Third generation (3 G) and fourth generation (4 G) technology' of mobile are coming in the market which provide very fast internet on mobile phones and smart phones. • QR Codes are used in every area or field. However, for this to succeed, we need to take care to implement QR codes where they really make our users’ lives easier. • QR codes offer a wide variety of useful applications for libraries, and as more and more users begin to use smart phones and other mobile devices, libraries need to find ways to reach those users (Hampton, et. al. , 2011). • QR codes & their effective use in library services can enable the popularity the libraries, bridging the digital divide. So, the future of QR codes for mobiles phones is very bright & it is need of the hour. The library professionals have been playing very vital role in providing the prompt information services to maximum users.

References: Ashford, Robin. (2010). QR codes and academic libraries. C&RL News. 526 -530. Bala, A and Gupta, B. M. (2010) Perceptions of health professionals regarding use and provision of lis through mobile technologies. esidoc Journal D Of Library And Information Technology, 30(3), pp. 7 -12. Baker, Laura(2010). Making Physical Objects Clickable: Using Mobile Tags To Enhance Library Displays. Journal of library innovation, 1(2), 22 -28. Blowers, H. (2009, June 26). QR tags & concept leadership. Retrieved from http: //www. librarybytes. com Burkya, Sridhar(Sept-2012)Java script based quick response code generator interface. Electronics for you. 129 -131 Clay, James F (2011). Turn off that mobile. Serials, 4(3)S 7 -S 10. Goria, Sunil(2012). Building website for mobile phone users of an indian agriculture University Library: Amodel. Desidoc. Journal of Library & Information Technology, 32(4), pp. 358 -364. Hampton, D. , Peach, A. and Rawlins, B. (2011). Reaching mobile users with qrcodes. kentucky libraries. 75(2). pp. 6 -10. Jun-Chou Chuang, Yu-Chen Hu &Hsien-Ju. Ko ()A Novel Secret Sharing Technique Using QR Code. International Journal of Image Processing, 4(5). http: //www. cscjournals. org/csc/manuscript/Journals/IJIP/volume 4/Issue 5/IJIP-263. pdf Kate, Kosturki and Frank, Skornia(2011)Using Mobile Technologies in the Academic Library. www. infotoday. com Lakhina, Tanuj(2011). QR codes to be the digital trend of the future in India. http: //www. indiasocial. in/qr-codes-to-be-the-digital-trend-of-the-future-in -india/ Lippincott, j. k. (2008)Mobile Technologies, Mobile users: Implications For Academic Libraries. abimonthly repot on research library issues and actions from ARL, CNI AND SPARC. Mckiernan, G. (2009, August 14). JIS/MLA : An introduction to QR codes. Retrieved from http: //mobile-libraries. blogspot. com/2009/08/introduction-tomobile-web. html Pulliam, B and Landry, C(2011) Tag, You’re It! Using QR Codes to promote Library Services. The reference librarian, 52: 68 -74. Ramsden, Andy (2008) The use of QR codes in Education: A getting started guide for academics. Working Paper. University of Bath Ramsden, Andy and Roper, Matt(2008)Developing the use of QR codes in Teaching and learning at the University of Bath. http: //www. slideshare. net/andyramsden/qr-codes-mlearn 08 -presentation#btn. Previous Ruleman, A. B. (2012)Global trends in mobile technology and their impact on your library. The Christian librarian, 55(1), 23 -28. Sahay, Niraj and Mishra, Ashish(June-2012) QR Code : How Useful. Electronics for you. 116 -118. Susono, Hitoshi and Shimomura, Tsutomu(2006) Using Mobile Phones and QR Codes for Formative Class Assessment. Current developments in Technology Assisted Education. pp. 1006 -1010. Thomas, L. C. (2010). Service standards for the mobile/social library. Journal of web librarianship, 4: 449 -451. Trivedi, Mayank and Suhtar, Vishnu(2011) Aplan of m-library for Smt. Hansa. Mehta library : a study. international journal of information and communication technology research. 1(3). pp. 91 -95. Walsh, Andrew(2010). QR Codes-using mobile phones to deliver library instruction and help at the point of need. ournal of information J literacy, 4(1), 55 -63. Wentzel, Petra et. al. (2005). U sing mobile technology to enhance students’ educational experiences. case study from the EDUCAUSE Centre for applied Research.

THANK YOU!