University of Utah Web Browsers • World. Wide. Web - First one, by Tim Berners-Lee
University of Utah Web Browsers • Viola (1991) - first “popular” graphical browser http: //www. xcf. berkeley. edu/~wei/viola. Home. html
University of Utah Web Browsers • Viola (1991) - first “popular” graphical browser - but it didn’t start as a web browser!
University of Utah Hypercard • Inspiration for Viola • First popular “hypertext” program • Included with Mac. OS 6 (1987) http: //www. mactech. com/articles/mactech/Vol. 03/03. 10/Hyper. Card. Programming/
University of Utah Mosaic • Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina • University of Illinois NCSA - “National Center for Supercomputing Applications” • First cross-platform graphical browser (1993) http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Mosaic_6 beta_screenshot. png
University of Utah Mosaic • Commercialization? - University of Illinois says “No. ” • Marc Andreessen leaves NCSA - founds Netscape with Jim Clark (1994) http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Netscape_classic_logo. png
University of Utah Lesson Learned • Technology is valuable • But the people who create that technology are even more valuable. - Think EDVAC!
University of Utah Netscape • Netscape Navigator 1. 0 (1994) • More features than Mosaic - better rendering engine - multithreaded loading • Becomes most popular browser http: //www. appscout. com/2007/07/web_10_lives_the_browser_emula_1. php
University of Utah Netscape • Netscape Navigator 2 (1996) - adds an email client - adds Java. Script support
University of Utah Netscape • Netscape Navigator 2 (1996) - adds an email client - adds Java. Script support • Netscape Communicator 4 (1997) - still most popular browser, but trouble is on the horizon. . .
University of Utah Spyglass • Spyglass, Inc. (1990) - commercialization arm of NCSA - handles commercial distribution of Mosaic
University of Utah Microsoft • Build or buy? • Microsoft licenses Mosaic code from Spyglass, Inc. - Basis of Internet Explorer
University Microsoft of Utah • Build or buy? • Microsoft licenses Mosaic code from Spyglass, Inc. - Basis of Internet Explorer • Irony!
University of Utah Internet Explorer • Version 1. 0 (1995) • Included as part of “Windows 95 Plus!” - No tables or graphics http: //www. microsoft. com/windows/ie/community/columns/historyofie. mspx
University of Utah Internet Explorer • Version 2. 0 (1995) - Java. Script, frames, cookies. . . http: //www. microsoft. com/windows/ie/community/columns/historyofie. mspx
University of Utah Internet Explorer • Version 3. 0 (1996) - At last, serious competition to Netscape! - Bundled with later versions of Windows 95 http: //www. microsoft. com/windows/ie/community/columns/historyofie. mspx
University of Utah Internet Explorer • Version 4. 0 (1997) - Bundled with Windows 98 - Integrated into operating system http: //www. microsoft. com/library/media/1033/technet/images/archive/ie/maintain/etn 97 b 1 a_big. gif
University of Utah Editorial Commentary • IE 3 was beginning of end for Netscape - How do you compete with something that is bundled with OS?
University of Utah Editorial Commentary • Spyglass License - Microsoft pays Spyglass royalties for “non. Windows” sales of IE - Not a good deal for Spyglass. . .
University of Utah Browser Wars • 1995 - 1998 • Netscape and IE try to out-do each other on features - era of unstable, buggy products
University of Utah Mozilla • Netscape 4. x code is quirky and hard to maintain • Makes “version 5” open source (1998) - Mozilla Foundation
University A Twist of Utah • AOL acquires Netscape (1998) - Why?
University Mozilla of Utah • Open source NOT a cure-all • Mozilla project stretches on for 4 years with little visible progress - “feature creep”
University Mozilla of Utah • Open source NOT a cure-all • Mozilla project stretches on for 4 years with little visible progress - “feature creep” • AOL gets impatient!
University of Utah Netscape 6 • AOL wants to release something (2000) • Awful. - Based on Mozilla 0. 6 • Further eroded Netscape’s market share
University of Utah Netscape 7 • Finally, a nice browser! (2002) - Based on Mozilla 1. 0 • But by then it was too late. . .
University of Utah Market Share
University of Utah Aftermath • A time of stagnation - Netscape 4. 7 (1999 – 2002) - IE 5 (1999 – 2001) - IE 6 (2001 - 2006)
University Firefox of Utah • Dave Hyatt and Blake Ross created a small browser from Mozilla codebase (2003) - Phoenix - Firebird - Firefox
University Browser Wars continue of Utah • Part I - Netscape vs Internet Explorer • Part II - Firefox vs Internet Explorer
University of Utah Administrative • Sign up for presentations • Re-screening
University of Utah “Test Question” • On a scrap of paper, write a question that encapsulates one of the points from today's class, and turn it in. • (Put your name on it!)
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