University of Ulster and Restorative Practices Hugh Campbell, Tim Chapman and Derick Wilson
SOME RESTORATIVE TASKS EASE WITH DIFFERENT OTHERS REDUCING SOCIAL INEQUALITY
THE OTHER AS A GIFT NOT A THREAT OR AN ENEMY OUT TO KILL ME
“HAVING A SECURE PLACE” OTHERS ME RELATIONSHIPS MATTER-PERSONALLY AND STRUCTURALLY
THE VICTIM PAYS “They are all together: I am all alone” Scapegoating
SEPARATION AVOIDANCE Dynamics of Avoidance and Politeness POLITENESS MEETING TOGETHER
The Balanced Model Community safety and reintegration Harm Person responsible for harm Reducing risk and working towards a better life Injured party Accountability, protection and repairing the harm
Key Needs Safety Justice Control
Systems of recovery Meaning My story of what happened The feelings that arise from what happened. The needs that arise from these feelings What I want (Goals) Control The ability to manage adversity through personal and external resources (Resilience) Connectedness The availability of support from close relationships and networks (Social Capital)
The Restorative Practices Storytelling Expression of emotion Dialogue
Respect • • Really Expecting to See Potential Even when Concealed or Trapped
Northern Ireland Restorative Practices • • • Community – peace-building Community – anti-social behaviour Criminal Justice System Families and children Schools
Northern Ireland Restorative Justice Community system • Community restorative justice Ireland • Alternatives NI State system • Low risk – Police restorative cautioning • Medium risk – Public Prosecution Service referral for diversionary conference by Youth Conference Service • High risk – Youth Court referral by Youth Conference Service • Priority young offenders programme • Prison Service – rehabilitation and resettlement
Youth Conference Service • • Diploma in Restorative Practices National Training Award Priority Young Offenders programme RESPECT programme
Outcomes for Youth Conferences • Number of youth conferences 8000 + • Over 40. 000 people have participated in a youth conference • Victim attendance; 74% • Victim and young person satisfaction; 90% and 95% • 9 out of 10 victims prefer the youth conference to the traditional court process • 94% successful completion of plans • Reoffending 37. 7 % • Reoffending for all community disposals 52. 1%
Prisons • Certificate in Restorative Practices • Restorative approach to resettlement of high risk prisoners • Influence on the design of the new prison
Schools • • Awareness training Champions’ group trained in conferences Peer mediation training Ongoing bullying resolved
Children’s Units Programme Indicators 2006 2007 Absconding 96 39 Total incidents recorded Violent incident reports Includes all incidents of restraint Incidents of restraints Police involvement (excluding absconding) 130 66 36 25 19 17 55 36
Cost savings • The cost of a youth conference in Northern Ireland is around £ 1500. • Reduces court time, legal aid, the use of custody, harm to victims and further offending • The number of young people sentenced to custody reduced from 139 in 2003 to 89 in 2006. • The percentage of young people sent into custody in Northern Ireland reduced from 10% in 2004 to 7% in 2006. • The ratio of 10 -17 in NI sentenced to custody in 2006 was 1: 2265. In England Wales it was 1: 760.
The role of the University of Ulster • Learning and practice development • Organisational capacity building • Civic society - Supporting a restorative network • Research and development
University Programmes • Undergraduate level Certificate – three modules • Postgraduate Diploma – six modules • Masters – dissertation or taught • Short courses
Course participation • • Open Course 23 students Youth Conference Service 50 students Police Service 80 + students Community Restorative Justice 32 students Prison Service 18 Students Youth Justice Agency 18 Students Priority Young Offenders Programme 12 Students Family Group Conferences 30 Students
New programme • Foundation skills • Reflecting on RP • Responding restoratively to people who have been harmed • Responding restoratively to people responsible for harm • Becoming an Advanced Practitioner • Family group conference practice and processes • Promoting a restorative society • Restorative responses to sexual harm • Restorative responses to serious and persistent harmful behaviour • The restorative prison • The restorative school • The restorative community • The restorative organisation • The restorative children’s home • Restorative practices and faith organisations
Contact Ha. campbell@ulster. ac. uk Tj. chapman@ulster. ac. uk Da. wilson@ulster. ac. uk
Family Group Conferences • Used widely by Health and Social Care Trusts throughout Northern Ireland • Evaluation 2005 Homefirst Community Trust, NI Ø Effectively managed and adheres to standards Ø Independent Ø Highly child centred Ø Families arrive at their own solutions Ø Decision making is aided by increased access to information Ø Promotes partnership with families Ø Highly transferable model Ø Cost effective way of avoiding statutory intervention
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