Скачать презентацию University of California White Mountain Research Station Three Скачать презентацию University of California White Mountain Research Station Three

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University of California White Mountain Research Station Three field stations supporting research and education University of California White Mountain Research Station Three field stations supporting research and education in the field sciences. Areas of special significance: High elevation research Geoscience research & education and much more…

Owens Valley Laboratories • Geoscience research and education • Bioscience research Owens Valley Laboratories • Geoscience research and education • Bioscience research

Crooked Creek Station Teaching Facility & Barcroft Support Site Bristlecone Pine Forest GLORIA master Crooked Creek Station Teaching Facility & Barcroft Support Site Bristlecone Pine Forest GLORIA master site

Barcroft Field Station 12, 500’ elevation – potentially open year round Medical and physiology Barcroft Field Station 12, 500’ elevation – potentially open year round Medical and physiology research – human and animal subjects Astronomy and astrophysics Atmospheric sciences White Mountain Energy Project

Barcroft Observatory 12, 700’ elevation Barcroft Observatory 12, 700’ elevation

Sheep Pass – February 2005 Sheep Pass – February 2005

Electric power grid supply at WMRS Upper Stations Electric power grid supply at WMRS Upper Stations

WMRS buried 12 KV transmission line WMRS above-ground 12 KV transmission line Historic Goldfields, WMRS buried 12 KV transmission line WMRS above-ground 12 KV transmission line Historic Goldfields, Nev. transmission Line

“White Mountain Radio” substation a. k. a. ”Silver Peak” substation “White Mountain Radio” substation a. k. a. ”Silver Peak” substation

Barcroft Station and Observatory Dome Barcroft Station and Observatory Dome

Problems with electric supply at Upper Stations Problems with electric supply at Upper Stations

Power Outages! Several each year. Sometimes easily repairable, sometimes not. Causes: Broken insulators Underground Power Outages! Several each year. Sometimes easily repairable, sometimes not. Causes: Broken insulators Underground cable splices Lightning arrestor failure Lightning Failing transformers

Safety issues Backup unreliable No backup for outbuildings Power surges Expense Pollution Consequences of Safety issues Backup unreliable No backup for outbuildings Power surges Expense Pollution Consequences of electric supply problems at Barcroft Station

White Mountain Energy Project Phases 1 -3 In collaboration with UC Irvine Advanced Power White Mountain Energy Project Phases 1 -3 In collaboration with UC Irvine Advanced Power and Energy Program and the National Fuel Cell Research Institute Projected cost = $425, 000 Potential Sponsors: NSF FSML program Calif. Energy Com. DOE and DOD Others? Feb 2006: Awarded $255, 000 from NSF FSML Program

Analysis of Energy Demands for Barcroft and Crooked Creek Stations Components: List of appliances Analysis of Energy Demands for Barcroft and Crooked Creek Stations Components: List of appliances Building specifications Energy audit Roof area and orientation SCE pricing schedule Quantitative Monitoring data • watts consumed • solar radiation • wind direction and velocity © ADVANCED POWER AND ENERGY PROGRAM, 2005 University of California

Discussion at Silver Peak substation Discussion at Silver Peak substation

Metering equipment Metering equipment

Example of power monitoring data from 2004. This kind of detailed record is used Example of power monitoring data from 2004. This kind of detailed record is used for simulating power demand scenarios under different conditions.

Main electric loads Space heating!! Water heaters Room lights Refrigeration units Computers Scientific Equipment Main electric loads Space heating!! Water heaters Room lights Refrigeration units Computers Scientific Equipment (need extra capacity for special uses)

In October 2004, we simulated winter heating demand by turning electric heaters on and In October 2004, we simulated winter heating demand by turning electric heaters on and off. For example, the simulation began at 8 am and ramped up to full capacity at around 9: 30.

Recommended Energy Supply Upgrades: Recommended Energy Supply Upgrades:

6000 gallons 6000 gallons

Two 30 KW MTG units Two 30 KW MTG units

Cover entire S-facing roof of quonset building – 10 -12 KW output Cover entire S-facing roof of quonset building – 10 -12 KW output

The APEP team has developed a quantitative dynamic simulation model which illustrates the costs The APEP team has developed a quantitative dynamic simulation model which illustrates the costs and benefits of integrating distributed energy resources into the system.

The simulations show that the proposed system can readily convert to a permanent off-grid The simulations show that the proposed system can readily convert to a permanent off-grid system. This is important as our grid connection is aging, and replacement would be prohibitively expensive.

2004 WMEP team (except Jim Meacham) 2004 WMEP team (except Jim Meacham)