UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN

UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS OCHA

The United Nations System

A Brief History of OCHA In 1991, the General Assembly adopted Resolution 46/182, to strengthen the UN’s response to complex emergencies and natural disasters. The resolution also created the position of Emergency Relief Coordinator (ERC). Resolution 46/182 created the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC), the Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) and the Central Emergency Revolving Fund (CERF) as key tools of the ERC. In 1997/8, DHA was reorganized during an SG’s reform program and OCHA established by GAR 52/12. OCHA

The UN Emergency Relief Coordinator … • • Is the United Nations’ Under-Secretary General (USG) for Humanitarian Affairs, and Head of OCHA Processes requests from Member States for emergency aid Responsible for early warning, inter-agency needs assessments and keeping the international community informed Mobilizes international emergency relief capacity Negotiates access to populations in need of assistance Chairs the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Promotes the smooth transition from relief to recovery Manages the world-wide network of Humanitarian Coordinators (According to General Assembly Resolution 46/182)

OCHA Today OCHA currently employs 1, 980 staff members in New York, Geneva and in the field, 637 Internationals, 1, 328 Nationals AND 15 UNVs. OCHA's budget for 2010 is US$ 253 million 6% of which is covered by the UN Regular Budget. This budget includes the costs of 5 regional offices, 25 country offices, 3 sub-regional offices 1 liaison office, and the headquarters in NY and Geneva. OCHA

OCHA Mission Statement To mobilise and coordinate effective and principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international humanitarian actors in order to: • alleviate human suffering in disasters and emergencies • advocate for the rights of people in need • promote preparedness and prevention • facilitate sustainable solutions OCHA

OCHA Organizational Diagram – January 2011 Strategic Planning Unit Under-Secretary-General & Emergency Relief Coordinator Executive Office Administrative Office Assistant Secretary-General & Deputy Emergency Relief Coordinator Director, New York • External Relations & Partnerships • Funding Coordination • Human Security CERF Secretariat Coordination & Response Division (CRD) • Geographical Sections • Early Warning and Contingency Planning Policy Development & Studies Branch Communications & Information Services Branch (PDSB) (CISB) • Evaluation & Guidance • Intergovernmental Support • Policy Planning & Analysis • Protection & Displacement Other PDSB entities: • Assessment and Classification in Emergencies Project • Gender Advisory Team Director, Geneva • IASC/ECHA Secretariat • Spokesperson’s External Relations & Support Mobilization Branch (ERSMB) • Consolidated Appeals Process • Donor Relations • Geographical Coordination & Monitoring • Humanitarian Coordination Support • Brussels Liaison Office • Humanitarian Leadership Strengthening • Communications Services • Information Technology • Integrated Regional, Sub-Regional & Information Networks (IRIN) Country Offices • Relief. Web • Technical Coordination & • Africa: 2 RO, 1 SRO, 1 Liaison Office, 11 country offices Partnerships • Asia & the Pacific: 1 RO, 1 SRO, 4 country offices • Information Services • Latin America & the Caribbean: 1 RO, 2 country offices • Middle East: 1 RO, 1 SRO, 1 Liaison Office, 5 country offices Emergency Services Branch (ESB) • Civil-Military Coordination • Environmental Emergencies • Preparedness Support • Emergency Relief Coordination Centre • Field Coordination Support • Logistics Support • Surge Capacity

The Disaster Risk Management Cycle and The Disaster Relief Cycle OCHA

Disaster Risk Management Cycle RESPONSE RECOVERY DISASTE R PREPAREDNESS RECONSTRUCTIO N PREVENTION/ MITIGATION

The Disaster Relief Cycle Needs Analysis Basic Needs Available Resources Outstanding Requirements Needs Assessment Identify Needs and Available Capabilities & Resources INFORMATI ON SHARING NEEDS DISAST ER Relief / Donor Action Aid / Resource Delivery Appeals & Requests for Assistance Outstanding Requirements

Humanitarian Coordination at the Strategic/Global Level OCHA

OCHA & Humanitarian Coordination 14

UN Secretariat Humanitarian-Political-Military Coordination Executive Committee for Humanitarian Affairs [ECHA] DPA DPKO DSS OCHA UNDP Chaired by ERC Inter-Agency Standing Committee [IASC] UNICEF WHO WFP FAO UNHCR UNFPA Strategic/Global Humanitarian Coordination Chaired by USG OCHA Humanitarian Coordination Red Cross Movement IOM OHCHR World Bank ICRC IFRC N Inter. Action G SCHR Os ICVA BENEFICIARIES DONORS LOCAL AUTHORITIES GOVERNMENTS CIVIL SOCIETY

The IASC and the Cluster Approach

reform HUMANITARIAN THREE PILLARS OF REFORM AND THE FOUNDATION HUMANITARIAN COORDINATORS HUMANITARIAN FINANCING Effective leadership and coordination in humanitarian emergencies Adequate, timely and flexible financing CLUSTER APPROACH Adequate capacity and predictable leadership in all sectors PARTNERSHIP Strong partnerships between UN and non-UN actors Predictability & Accountability

reform HUMANITARIAN PILLAR 3 CLUSTER APPROACH Adequate capacity and predictable leadership in all sectors

reform HUMANITARIAN Responsibilities of Global Cluster Leads • Normative - Standard setting and consolidation of ‘best practice’ • Build response capacity - Training and system development at local, regional and international levels Surge capacity and standby rosters Material stockpiles • Operational Support • • Emergency preparedness Advocacy and resource mobilization

THE CLUSTER APPROACH § Predictability, Accountability and Partnership in all response sectors; § Better support to national-led response efforts; § Common standards and tools. OCHA

OCHA