UNIT IV ADVERB An adverb is a

UNIT IV ADVERB

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb. 1. Conjunctive Adverb Also, consequently, finally, furthermore, hence, however, indeed 2. Adverbs of manner Well, sweetly, gracefully, loudly, slowly, etc 3. Adverbs of time Today, before, after, last week, next month, etc. 4. Adverbs of place Here, there, in the kitchen, etc. 5. Adverbs of frequency Twice, often, usually, always, sometimes, etc. 6. Adverbs of degree Too, very, enough, extremely, etc. 7. Adverbs of purpose To buy a book, to study, to play football, etc

We use adverb to modify: a. A verb The doctor diagnosed the patient carefully. b. Another adverb. She reads a note very loudly. c. An adjective The boy is extremely courageous.

1. Conjunctive Adverb Examples: 1. He came late to the airport, finally he missed the plane. 2. She didn’t come to school yesterday, therefore she lost the important material. 3. He will be failed his exam, nevertheless he studies hard.

2. Adverb of Manner Examples: – – – She runs fast but speaks softly. Joice sings loudly. Sandro does his assignment carefully. Sylvia performs her ballet dance beautifully. Her baby eats banana slowly.

3. Adverbs of Time Examples: – They will go to New York next month. – Last week my brother and I celebrated my father’s birthday. – When did she borrow your book, yesterday or last week? – The day after tomorrow he will install a new computer.

4. Adverb of Place Examples: n n The teacher is teaching in the classroom. They were playing volleyball in the hall. There are three girls outside the classroom. Here, she is always waiting for her boy friend. My mother cooks in the kitchen but my father reads newspaper in the living room.

5. Adverbs of Frequency Adverb of frequency is an adverb to show often something happened. They are: • Always • Almost • Usually • Often • Sometimes • Occasionally • never

6. Adverb of Degree Examples: 1. He loves you very much so he gives you whatever you want. 2. Manohara was too young to marry. 3. Does she have enough time to study in STIKOM in the evening and working in the morning?

7. Adverbs of Purpose Examples: a. She drives her new carefully to avoid an accident. b. The students prepare the Mid-Term to get good score. c. To pay the practicum my sister takes the money in a bank. d. Jody picks Dandy and Sandy to play badminton. e. Do You have time to buy a printer ink tonight?

B. Sometime and sometimes Sometime - Sometime means at one time in the indefinite future ( suatu ketika) - usually is used after a verb - answers the question, when Sometimes - Sometimes means occasionally(kadang 2) - is used at the beginning or at the end of a sentence or clause - answers the question, how often

Examples: 1. Cindy would like to travel to New York sometime, but right now she has to finish her graduate degree. 2. Dony and Sylvia will marry sometime, now Dony is in Paris while Sylvia is in Hongkong. 3. Sometimes he calls before buying a new book. 4. It is cool now, but sometimes it gets very warm here. 5. Why don’t you call me sometime? 6. Sometimes my sister sends me food. 7. I sometimes have to work until late at night.

Notes: Adjective Adverb Fast Good Early Hard Late Beautiful Fast Well Early Hard Late Beautifully

Good, well, fast Good is an adjective. The adverb is well. - Your English is very good. - You speak English well. Fast is an adjective as well as an adverb. - Roy is a fast runner. - He can run very fast.

Hard (adjective/adverb), Hardly= almost never Late (adjective), Lately= recently Examples: 1. Don is a hard worker. 2. To make a strong table, he needs hard wood. 3. The train was late. 4. Sorry I’m late. 5. You’re half an hour late. 6. We’ve never been late with the rent. 1. Lately, I’ve had trouble sleeping. 2. Don works hard (not hardly) 3. Have you seen Tom lately? 4. His leg was hurting him. He could hardly walk. 5. What have you been doing lately?

Bad, badly Bad (adjective) = jahat, buruk Badly ( adverb) = jelek = very Examples: 1. He is a bad boy. 2. He often says badly in front of his mom. 3. Money is badly needed in every activity.

Adverbs that do not end in –ly: again always almost alone already also away even later nowhere often perhaps quite rather seldom sometimes somewhat never not now so then there today too very not yet Just soon here somewhere yesterday

Careful/carefully, Adjective tells us more about noun. We use adjectives before noun and after a few verbs (especially be) Adverb tells us more about verb. An adverb tells us in what way someone does something or in what way something happens. Examples: * Dev is a careful driver. * She drove carefully along the narrow road. * Be careful, please!

Exercise Instruction: Unscramble the letters and write the word on the line provided before the sentence. 1……He walks tsaf. 2. …. Do you want to stop ehre? 3. …. He visits his grandmother ywlkee. 4. …. Do you feel lewl enough to go on the trip? 5. … Have you erve been to Mexico City? 6. …. I wasaly run errands for her. 7. …. Have I met you foebre? 8. …. I would raerht drive to your house tonight. 9. …. Are you ilslt going to go to summer school? 10. …I am tno trying to insult you, Nick. 11. …Will you bat frsit tonight? 12. …. Are you ftneo at this location, Mitch? 13. …. Thank you nlidyk.

Exercise: Circle the best answers in the parentheses – between ADJECTIVE or ADVERB to complete the sentences. 1. Jack spoke confident/confidently to the audience urging them to elect him president of the union. He knew he had a good/well chance of winning the election. 2. Melanie quick/quickly ate her lunch. She knew the meeting was important/importantly and she didn’t want to be late. 3. Sophie lived in Thailand for several years. She speaks Thai fluent/fluently, and she knows the culture very good/well. 4. The entrance examination is extreme/extremely challenging. Very few people make it into the prestigious/ prestigiously medical school.

Continued: 5. 6. 7. 8. Mr. Tanzer generous/generously donated $1, 000 to the law scholarship fund. With this money, they will be able to help low-income students cope with the increasing/increasingly cost of education. The young girl sings (amazing/amazingly) well for someone her age. Her performance was (spectacular/ spectacularly) to say the least. Although Beth speaks (soft/softly) and seems quite (timid/timidly), she is the leading expert in her field. Don’t underestimate her abilities. The tomato plants grew (quick/quickly) in the rich soil.