Скачать презентацию Unit 7 4 World War II n Скачать презентацию Unit 7 4 World War II n

02d30f7175c296959d1297b86baaa457.ppt

  • Количество слайдов: 62

Unit 7. 4 – World War II n #6 Impact of WWII Unit 7. 4 – World War II n #6 Impact of WWII

n Essential Question: – What was the impact of World War II on the n Essential Question: – What was the impact of World War II on the United States and the world? n Warm-Up Question: – Why was Truman’s decision to use atomic bombs so important?

Total War on the Battlefront Total War on the Battlefront

World War II World War II

Total War – What was its impact? n As with WWI, World War II Total War – What was its impact? n As with WWI, World War II used total war tactics: –On the battlefront, blitzkrieg tactics were used, cities were firebombed, kamikaze attacks & atomic bombs were used –On the homefront, gov’ts used propaganda, conscription, rationing, & raised money to win the war

Hitler used a new “lightning war” a war of Unlike WWI, WWII was not Hitler used a new “lightning war” a war of Unlike WWI, WWII was not tactic called blitzkrieg that relied on using strong attacks by attrition in Europe; these battle lines moved air raids & tanks to take over new territories

Germany bombedthe USA in the & The Augustused napalm to firebomb In Allies 1945, Germany bombedthe USA in the & The Augustused napalm to firebomb In Allies 1945, London dropped Japan attacked & Tokyo, Japan atomic bombs on Hiroshima & Nagasaki Dresden, Germany Pearl Harbor

Total War on the Homefront Total War on the Homefront

The U. S. Government n To win wars in Asia & Europe & meet The U. S. Government n To win wars in Asia & Europe & meet civilian demands, the U. S. gov’t grew to its largest size ever: –The War Powers Act gave the president power to expand the gov’t & limit liberties (censorship) –The gov’t U. S. gov’t spent $250 The imposed rations, sold war bonds, day fromsoldiers 1945 million per drafted 1941 to –War Production Board as all This is 2 x as much directed factories gov’t spending combined previous to produce war supplies so that the Allies could out produce the Axis Powers

Mobilizing Soldiers: The Draft Mobilizing Soldiers: The Draft

Buy, Buy a Bond: It Will Lead to VICTORY! War bonds helped raise $187 Buy, Buy a Bond: It Will Lead to VICTORY! War bonds helped raise $187 billion to support the war effort

Paying for the War Paying for the War

Paying for the War Paying for the War

Paying for the War Paying for the War

WWII propaganda: was directed by the Office of War Information WWII propaganda: was directed by the Office of War Information

The War Mobilization Board oversaw production of war equipment Henry Ford’s factories made one The War Mobilization Board oversaw production of war equipment Henry Ford’s factories made one B-24 bomber every hour

The War Mobilization Board oversaw production of war equipment Pre-fabrication allowed shipbuilders to make The War Mobilization Board oversaw production of war equipment Pre-fabrication allowed shipbuilders to make a battleship in 14 days (rather than

American Home Front in WWII Consumers American Home Front in WWII Consumers

Consumers n War production stimulated the economy & created new jobs: –Business & farm Consumers n War production stimulated the economy & created new jobs: –Business & farm profits doubled –Wages rose & people wanted to buy, but wartime production led to shortages of consumer goods –Office of Price Administration fixed prices & distributed ration books to save gas, meat, butter –Americans recycled & planted victory gardens for the war effort

Wartime Ration Books Wartime Ration Books

Victory Gardens Victory Gardens

Wartime production led to shortages on consumer goods Wartime production led to shortages on consumer goods

American Home Front in WWII GIs American Home Front in WWII GIs

GIs n When the USA declared war, the military needed soldiers to fight a GIs n When the USA declared war, the military needed soldiers to fight a two-front war in Europe & Asia: – 6 million men volunteered – 10 million more were drafted – Everything soldiers were given was “government issue” so WWII became known as “GIs” – Homesickness among soldiers was common

Preparing for a jump into Nazi-occupied France Preparing for a jump into Nazi-occupied France

Marines at Iwo Jima Marines at Iwo Jima

GIs missed the freedoms of “home” GIs with movie star Marlene Dietrich GIs missed the freedoms of “home” GIs with movie star Marlene Dietrich

American Home Front in WWII African Americans American Home Front in WWII African Americans

African Americans n During WWII, African Americans fought in the military & at home: African Americans n During WWII, African Americans fought in the military & at home: –The war led to factory jobs & increased the Great Migration of blacks in the North & west coast –African Americans faced racial discrimination; civil rights leader A Philip Randolph forced FDR to offer equal pay for black workers by creating the Fair Employment Practices Commission

African Americans n During WWII, African Americans fought in the military & at home: African Americans n During WWII, African Americans fought in the military & at home: –More than 1 million black soldiers served in segregated units under the command of white officers –Unlike WWI, black soldiers were allowed to fight; the “Tuskegee airmen” in the U. S. military were recognized for heroism & bravery

Randolph led the “Double V” campaign: victory at home & abroad A. Philip Randolph Randolph led the “Double V” campaign: victory at home & abroad A. Philip Randolph threatened a “March on Washington” to protest war time discrimination Other groups, like the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), staged sit-ins in restaurants in major cities to protest

African Americans fought in segregated units Tuskegee Airmen African Americans fought in segregated units Tuskegee Airmen

American Home Front in WWII Women American Home Front in WWII Women

Women n World War II led to opportunities for women in the workforce & Women n World War II led to opportunities for women in the workforce & military: – 6 million women entered the workforce, many did clerical work but others did “men’s work” – 200, 000 women joined special, noncombat military units –Led to an increase in daycare centers & child delinquency –After the war, women were forced out of high-paying factory jobs

“Rosie, the Riveter” “Rosie, the Riveter”

Women’s Army Corps (WACs) Women’s Army Corps (WACs)

Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES) Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES)

Women served as military nurses & photographers Women served as military nurses & photographers

American Home Front in WWII Japanese Americans American Home Front in WWII Japanese Americans

Japanese-Americans n Due to Pearl Harbor, people feared that Japanese-Americans were spying or helping Japanese-Americans n Due to Pearl Harbor, people feared that Japanese-Americans were spying or helping prepare for a Japanese invasion of the USA –In 1942, FDR issued Executive Order 9066 which ordered 112, 000 Japanese-Americans to move to internment camps –The Japanese in camps faced bad living conditions & a lack of rights –Faced racial stereotypes (“Japs”)

Executive Order 9066 forced Japanese Americans into internment camps Executive Order 9066 forced Japanese Americans into internment camps

The Costs of WWII The Costs of WWII

End of the War in Europe n USA, England, Russia met twice before WWII End of the War in Europe n USA, England, Russia met twice before WWII ended to discuss the reconstruction of Europe after the war: –Yalta Conference (Feb 1945) –Potsdam Conference (July 1945)

Yalta Conference n In February 1945 (while the war was still being fought), the Yalta Conference n In February 1945 (while the war was still being fought), the “Big Three” Churchill (England), Roosevelt (USA), Stalin (USSR) met in Yalta, USSR to discuss Europe after WWII n This is FDR’s last meeting (died in April 1945)

n At Yalta Conference Yalta, the Allies discussed: –The Axis Powers must unconditionally surrender n At Yalta Conference Yalta, the Allies discussed: –The Axis Powers must unconditionally surrender –The League of Nations should be replaced by a United Nations to keep the peace after the war –Germany would be divided into occupied zones to help rebuild –Eastern European nations have the right to choose to be democratic or communist

Potsdam Conference (Stalin, Truman, Churchill) US President FDR died in April & VP Harry Potsdam Conference (Stalin, Truman, Churchill) US President FDR died in April & VP Harry Truman became the new President

Potsdam Conference Stalin broke his promise at Yalta & began pressuring Eastern European n Potsdam Conference Stalin broke his promise at Yalta & began pressuring Eastern European n After Germany surrendered, the countries to become Communist USA, England, & USSR met at Potsdam, Germany to discuss the end of the war n Two important things happened

Potsdam Conference selfended any sense of friendship At Yalta, Stalin agreed to allow between Potsdam Conference selfended any sense of friendship At Yalta, Stalin agreed to allow between the USA & USSR & began an era determination in Eastern Europe Germany was. Stalin had extended his control of bitterness & distrust called the Cold War By Potsdam, divided into 4 occupied zones: 3 Eastern Europe & 1 was a buffer zone overwere democratic to create communist between the USSR & its future enemies Potsdam presents a major Cold War theme: Because they could not agree on how do govern Europe, Truman & Stalin divided it

Potsdam Conference n President Truman was told that the atomic bomb was ready n Potsdam Conference n President Truman was told that the atomic bomb was ready n Truman issued the “Potsdam Declaration” & told Japan to unconditionally surrender OR face "prompt & utter destruction"

The Effects of World War II The Effects of World War II

The U. S. , U. S. S. R, England, France, & The Nationalist creation The U. S. , U. S. S. R, England, France, & The Nationalist creation made China up of the Executive United Council Nations All 50 member nations were represented on the General Assembly Each member of the Executive Council has veto power over other members An army!

Cold War n When the World War II finally ended, 2 superpowers remained: US Cold War n When the World War II finally ended, 2 superpowers remained: US & USSR n USA—capitalist & democratic; USSR— communist n Different beliefs led to a Cold War & a fight for supremacy throughout the world VS

Group Challenge n Let’s see how much you know about WWI and WWII. n Group Challenge n Let’s see how much you know about WWI and WWII. n In groups, brainstorm to come up with as many similarities and differences as you can think of between WWI and WWII. n Make sure that they are significant, but be as comprehensive as possible…you are competing against the other groups!

Some Key Similarities n Total war: Draft, rationing, war bonds, victory gardens, government direction Some Key Similarities n Total war: Draft, rationing, war bonds, victory gardens, government direction of the wartime economy (WIB vs WPB), limitations on liberties n Women work doing “men’s jobs” in factories n Segregated units for African American soldiers; Great Migration n League of Nations was in existence

Some Key Differences n More African American soldiers fought; Great Migration WEST n Japanese Some Key Differences n More African American soldiers fought; Great Migration WEST n Japanese internment camps n Fighting in Europe AND the Pacific n Trench warfare vs. blitzkrieg n Atomic bombs used n 6 million women JOINED the workforce n 1 st peacetime draft n United Nations replaced the L of Nations

WWII Discussion n Some historians consider WWII to be a continuation of WWI. –Do WWII Discussion n Some historians consider WWII to be a continuation of WWI. –Do you agree with that assessment? Why or why not? n It has been argued that the events of WWII caused the Cold War. –Do you agree with that assessment? Why or why not?

After Quiz n Read Pages 770 -807 n Answer ? s on pgs 777, After Quiz n Read Pages 770 -807 n Answer ? s on pgs 777, 783, 792 & 807 n 1 -3 a, b, and c.