Unit 5 The Tapestry of Friendship Ellen Goodman

Unit 5 The Tapestry of Friendship Ellen Goodman

What’s friendship? • • • F: Friendly R: Respect I: Integrity Always treating people the way E: Encouraging Then, wantwill have treat you Alwaysyou them say hello would smile and to N: Nice whenshould assist good Doing something others F. R. I. E. N. D. S. H. I. P. for You greeting other people. D: Diversity Always lift up your friends' spirits someone when areoneneed. when they no in is looking. Do not be a follower. S: Sincerity with. Alwayssacrifice and actions. positive words character. Do not show consideration Always being courteous, Always respect others misbehave. H: Helpful pleasant, and never differences: for others. gender, abilities, culture, race, I: Individual Always speak and act genuinely. and ethnicity P: Politeness

The kinds of friendships • Same Gender • Male-female

Friendship between Women • A woman didn’t come home one night. The next day she told her husband that she had slept over at a girlfriend’s house. Then man called his wife's 10 best friends. None of them knew anything about it.

Friendship between Men • A man didn’t come home one night. The next day he told his wife that he slept over at a buddy's house. The woman called her husband's 10 best friends. Eight of them confirmed that he had slept over, and two claimed he was still there!

About the author Ellen Goodman, Born on April 11, 1941, in Newton MA, is a Boston Globe Online columnist and a stylish writer with a humanizing touch on any issue, public or personal. She is widely acclaimed as a voice of sanity, and readers depend on her to help them make sense of their changing lives and relationships.

Discourse Analysis The author reveals what kind of film the woman had just seen. The author advances the standard of friendship on the basis of the shift of focus of cinema lens. Para. (3 -6) Para. (1 -2) Friendship Para. (7 -18) The distinctions of the two types of friendship are detailed. Para. (19) It summarizes the difference between the male companionship and the female friendship.

Part I (Para. 1 -2) The author reveals what kind of film the woman had just seen.

Language Points: v 1. tapestry n. v 1) You can refer to something as a tapestry when it is made up of many varied types of people or things. (LITERARY) Meadows are thick with a tapestry of wild flowers. v 2) a large piece of heavy cloth on which colored threads are woven to produce a picture, pattern etc. 壁毯; 挂毯　

v 2. budget v n. the money that is available to an organization or person预算 v E. g. big-budget / low-budget movies; cut the budget v > budget v. 为. . . 做预算 vi. 节省开支

v 3. chase v 1) v. ~ (after) sb/sth run after in order to capture or overtake sb/sth追捕; 追赶 v 2) n. act of chasing; pursuit追捕; 追赶

v 4. shoot-out v n. [C] a fight using guns枪战 v 5. cosmic v a. of the whole universe or cosmos宇宙的; 巨大的 v * (fig) a disaster of cosmic proportions, i. e. very great.

Girlfriends v It is a believable relationship story of a young Jewish woman who is trying to make it on her own, coping with work, romance and friendship at the same time and has to accept the marriage of her best friend and roommate. It seemed almost revolutionary in 1978 when it was first released. It is a small movie that made a big splash with its focus on women's’ interior lives.

v 6. affecting v a. producing strong emotions of sadness, pity etc感人的, 动人的 v > affect v. v 7. pan v v. (of a camera, etc) move in this way （指 摄影机等）移动拍摄 v E. g. The shot panned slowly across the room.

v 8. fragility v n. the condition of being infirm or physically weak v > fragile a. 易受伤害的; 易碎的 v E. g. fragile china/glass; (fig) Human happiness is so fragile.

v 9. resiliency v n. the quality or state of being flexible弹性 v > resilient a. 能迅速恢复或重新振作的; 弹性 的 v E. g. The company proved remarkably resilient during the recession. v > resilience n [U]

v 10. tissue v 1) n. a piece of soft thin paper纸巾 v 2) n. network; web网状物; 组织 v E. g. connective tissue

v Questions: v 1) What kind of film did the woman see? v 2) What did she think of it?

Part II (Para. 3 -6) The author advances the standard of friendship on the basis of the shift of focus of cinema lens.

Julia A film produced in 1977, Julia centers on Lillian’s relationship with her lifelong friend Julia, a story that takes place in the 1930 s. Their relationship goes beyond mere acquaintance, and is sustained by love.

The Turning Point This film tells the story of friends and former competitors in the world of ballet, as well as the daughter of one of the women who is starting a career in ballet of her own.

v 11. drastic v adj extreme and sudden突然的; 猛烈的 v drastic action/measures v >drastically adv

v 12. binge v n. (inf. ) a short period when you do too much of something, such as eating or drinking狂欢 v E. g. a drinking binge; a week-long binge of shopping

v 13. trendy v a. influenced by the most fashionable styles and ideas流行的; 时髦的 v E. g. a trendy London night club >trendiness n [U]

v 14. celluloid v 1) n. [U] a kind of plastic that cinema film used to be made of赛璐珞 v 2) n. (dated) cinema films电影片 v E. g. Chaplin's comic genius is preserved on celluloid.

Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid The film tells the story of Wild West outlaws Robert Le. Roy Parker, known to history as Butch Cassidy and his partner Harry Longabaugh, the “Sundance Kid” (Robert Redford) as they migrate to Bolivia while on the run from the law in search of a more successful criminal career.

v 15. atavistic adj (formal) atavistic feelings are very basic human feelings that people have felt since humans have existed原始的, 隔代遗传的 v E. g. an atavistic fear of snakes

v 16. attachment n. [C] a feeling that you like or love someone or something and that you would be unhappy without them依恋; 眷恋 v E. g. a child‘s attachment to his mother > attach v. 连接；使依恋 attached a. 附属的, 依恋的

v 17. cull v. ~ sth (from sth) select or obtain sth from various different sources从各个不同的方面 挑选出或获得某事物 v E. g. information culled from various reference books v > cull n. 剔除; 挑选

v 18. bonding n [U]亲密关系 v male/female bonding (informal) the activity of doing things with other people of the same sex v >bond v. (使)粘合 n. 联系；粘合剂

v 19. primal 1) a. (fml) first or original; primeval最初的; 原始的 2) a. chief or most important; fundamental; primary主要的; 基础性的

v 18. pick on v 1) choose sb for punishment, criticism or blame选中某人惩罚﹑ 批评或责怪 v E. g. She felt that her parents were picking on her. v 2) choose sb for a task, esp an unpleasant one选中某人做某事（尤指厌恶的事） v E. g. I was picked on to announce the bad news.

v 21. dual v adj having two of something or two parts二 重的; 双的 dual role /purpose / function / citizenship / nationality > duality n [U]

You’re OK, I’m OK Corral

Questions: 3. Why does the author list the movies the woman had seen that year? 4. What led the woman to think that the cinema has shifted its focus?

Part III (Para. 7 -18) The distinctions of the two types of friendship are detailed.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge v Samuel Taylor Coleridge (21 October 1772 – 25 July 1834) was an English poet, literary critic and philosopher who was a founder of the Romantic Movement in England a member of the Lake Poets.

v 22. border v ~ on sth be next to sth; be almost the same as sth 接 近某物; 几乎与某事物相同 E. g. (fig)The boy's reply to his teacher was bordering on rudeness.

v 23. adversity v n. [U] unfavorable conditions; trouble逆境; 不幸 v > adverse a. 不利的，有害的 adversary n. 对手，敌手

v 24. palpable v adj (fml) clear to the mind; obvious明显的; 明白的 v > palpably adv v Antonym: impalpable

v 25. accessory 1) n. (usu pl) thing that is a useful or decorative extra but that is not essential附属 品; 配件 2) n. ~ (to sth) (law) person who helps another in a crime从犯; 帮凶 > accessory adj additional; extra

v 26. athletic v adj [attrib] of athletes or athletics运动员的; 运动的 v E. g. an athletic club * athletic sports >athletics n. 运动，体育 v athlete n. 运动员 v athleticism n. 运动竞赛, 运动能力

v 27. loathe v v. [Tn] feel great hatred or disgust for (sb/sth) 憎恨; 厌恶 v > loathing n [U] disgust厌恶; 憎恨 v E. g. have a loathing of sth v loathsome adj causing one to feel disgusted or shocked; repulsive讨厌的; 令人震惊的

v 28. confidence v n. secret which is told to sb知心话; 私房话 v E. g. The two girls sat in a corner exchanging confidences. v in (strict) confidence当作秘密 v take sb into one‘s confidence向某人吐露 内心的秘密等 v confidence trick骗局 v > confidential a. 机密的

v 29. hang together v (of people) support or help one another团结 一致, 互相帮助 v hang on to sth v hold sth tightly 抓紧某物

v 30. confess v. ~ (to sth/doing sth); ~ (sth) (to sb) say or admit, often formally (that one has done wrong, committed a crime, etc)承认（错误﹑ 罪行等）; 供认 v E. g. She confessed (to the priest) that she had sinned. v >confession n.

v 31. wretched adj very unhappy; miserable or pitiable极不愉快 的; 悲惨的 v * His stomach-ache made him feel wretched (ie ill) all day. v >wretchedness n [U] v wretch n. 不幸的人；卑鄙的人

v 32. moan v 1) utter moans or say (sth) with moans呻吟; 呻吟着说（某事） 2) ~ (about sth) (infml) grumble or complain 抱怨; 发牢骚 v > moan n. [c] 呻吟声, 抱怨

33. restraint n (fml) [U] ~ (in sth) avoidance of exaggeration or excess; moderation克制; 节制 v E. g. He showed/exercised considerable restraint in not suing for a divorce. v >restrain vt. v

Babbitt v Babbitt, first published in 1922, is a novel by Sinclair Lewis. Largely a satire of American culture, society, and behavior, it critiques the vacuity of middle-class American life and its pressure on individuals toward conformity.

v 34. grievance v n ~ (against sb) real or imagined cause for complaint or protest委屈, 不满 v * He'd been harboring / nursing a grievance against his boss.

v 35. claustrophobic v adj. If you feel claustrophobic, you feel very uncomfortable or anxious when you are in a small, crowded, or enclosed place. 幽闭 恐怖症的; 引起幽闭恐怖的 v > claustrophobia n.

Questions: v 5. What's the fundamental difference between buddies and friends? v 6. What is the point put forward in Paragraph 14? v 7. What is the point of Paragraph 15? v 8. What point does the example in Paragraph 16 illustrate? v 9. What is the point of Paragraph 18?

Part IV (Para. 19) It summarizes the fundamental difference between the male companionship and the female friendship.

George Santayana v George Santayana (December 16, 1863 – September 26, 1952) was a philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist.