Unit 5 Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Watch

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Unit 5 Unit 5

Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Watch the video and answer the following questions. 1. What did the mother mean at the end of the video ? She was trying to tell her boy that everybody should be treated equally, even for those who had some physical or intelligence problems.

Audiovisual supplement Cultural information 2. What do you know about the movie Forrest Gump? Forrest Gump is a 1994 film based on Winston Groom’s 1986 novel of the same name. The film, directed by Robert Zemeckis, stars Tom Hanks, Robin Wright Penn, and Gary Sinise. The story is of Forrest Gump, an ordinary man who comes from Alabama and his journey through life meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture, and experiencing firsthand historic events of the late 20 th century.

Audiovisual supplement Cultural information

Audiovisual supplement Doctor: Cultural information Let’s take a little walk around. How do those feel? His legs are strong, Mrs. Gump, as strong as I’ve ever seen. But his back’s as crooked as a politician. But we’re going to straighten him right up, aren’t we, Forrest? Mother: Forrest! Voiceover Now, when I was a baby, Mama named me after : the great Civil War hero General Nathan Bedford Forrest. She said we was related to him in some way. What he did was, he started up this club called the Ku Klux Klan. They’d all

Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Voiceover dress up in their robes and their bedsheets and : act like a bunch of ghosts or spooks or something. They’d even put bedsheets on their horses and ride around. Anyway, that’s how I got my name — Forrest Gump. Mama said the Forrest part was to remind me that sometimes we all do things that, well, that just don’t make no sense. All right. What are y’all staring at? Haven’t you Mother: ever seen a little boy with braces on his legs before? Don’t ever let anybody tell you they’re

Audiovisual supplement Mother: Cultural information better than you, Forrest. If God intended everybody to be the same, he’d have given us all braces on our legs. Voiceover Mama always had a way of explaining things so I : could understand them.

Audiovisual supplement Cultural information Quote I am quite often asked: How do you feel about having ALS? The answer is, not a lot. I try to lead as normal a life as possible, and not think about my condition, or regret the things it prevents me from doing, which are not that many. — Stephen Hawking

Main idea Structural analysis It is hard to imagine that a blind old man should be willing and able to fix a car for someone else on a dark ______ stormy ____ night. This happened to the author, a crippled _____ man who was afflicted by a progressive disease and who help took others’ _____ for granted. Up to that day, the author had lived in disillusionment, self-pity, indifference and ________________________ selfishness , as he was becoming increasingly feeble. He ______ climb the fourteen steps struggled to ______________ every day only to hold on to his sanity, his wife, his home and his job.

Main idea Structural analysis After he met the blind old man, it suddenly dawned on him that even a handicapped person was capable of _______ an act of love performing ________ for his fellow beings, and that was where the value of life lies. _________

Main idea Structural analysis 1. How many parts can the text be divided into and what’s the topic of each part? According to the development of the story, the text could be divided into four parts, each of which focuses on one topic. Respectively, these topics are about the author’s first life, his second life, his third life and his reflection on the auto-repair incident.

Main idea Structural analysis 2. Summarize the main idea of each part by completing the table. Paragraphs 1 -2 Main idea It depicts the author’s first phase of life in which he began to enjoy everything pleasant: excellent health, a good job, a nice house, a happy family and lovely daughters.

Main idea Structural analysis Paragraphs Main idea 3 -5 The author describes his second life. Because of his disease, he became miserable and frustrated. 6 -8 The author’s third life began with the trouble of his car on the stormy night and he described the blind man’s magnanimous, selfless help. 9 -10 The author reflected on the incident and his life philosophy, from which he discovered the true value of life.

Detailed reading Fourteen Steps Hal Manwaring They say a cat has nine lives, and I am inclined to 1 think that possible since I am now living my third life and I’m not even a cat. My first life began on a clear, cold day in November 1934, when I arrived as the sixth of eight children of a farming family. My father died when I was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. As the children grew up, they married, leaving only one sister and myself to support and care for Mother, who became paralyzed in her last years and died while still in her 60 s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.

Detailed reading 2 This was when I began to enjoy my first life. I was very happy, in excellent health, and quite a good athlete. My wife and I became the parents of two lovely girls. I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted with a slowly progressive disease of the motor nerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life … 3 In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps.

Detailed reading 4 Crazy? Not at all. Our home was a split-level affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door. Those steps were a gauge of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it — repeating the process 14 times until, utterly spent, I would be through — I could then admit defeat and lie down and die. So I kept on working, kept on climbing those steps. And time passed. The girls went to college and were happily married, and my wife and I were alone in our beautiful home with the 14 steps.

Detailed reading 5 You might think that here walked a man of courage and strength. Not so. Here hobbled a bitterly disillusioned cripple, a man who held on to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job because of 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his garage. As I became older, I became more disillusioned and frustrated. 6 Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life. It was raining when I started home that night; gusty winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. Suddenly the steering wheel jerked in my hands and the

Detailed reading car swerved violently to the right. In the same instant I heard the dreaded bang of a blowout. I fought the car to stop on the rain-slick shoulder of the road and sat there as the enormity of the situation swept over me. It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible! A thought that a passing motorist might stop was dismissed at once. Why should anyone? I knew I wouldn’t! Then I remembered that a short distance up a little side road was a house. I started the engine and thumped slowly along, keeping well over on the shoulder until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in — thankfully. Lighted windows welcomed me to the house and I pulled into the driveway and honked the horn.

Detailed reading 7 The door opened and a little girl stood there, peering at me. I rolled down the window and called out that I had a flat tire and needed someone to change it for me because I had a crutch and couldn’t do it myself. She went into the house and a moment later came out bundled in raincoat and hat, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm. Well, I would pay them for it. The rain seemed to be slackening a bit now, and I rolled down the window all the way to watch.

Detailed reading It seemed to me that they were awfully slow and I was beginning to become impatient. I heard the clank of metal from the back of the car and the little girl’s voice came clearly to me. “Here’s the jack-handle, Grandpa. ” She was answered by the murmur of the man’s lower voice and the slow tilting of the car as it was jacked up. There followed a long interval of noises, jolts and low conversation from the back of the car, but finally it was done. I felt the car bump as the jack was removed, and I heard the slam of the truck lid, and then they were standing at my car window.

Detailed reading 8 He was an old man, stooped and frail-looking under his slicker. The little girl was about eight or ten, I judged, with a merry face and a wide smile as she looked up at me. He said, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you’re all set now. ” “Thanks, ” I said. “How much do I owe you? ” He shook his head. “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple — on crutches. Glad to be of help. I know you’d do the same for me. There’s no charge, friend. ” I held out a five-dollar bill. “No! I like to pay my way. ” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can’t see it. ”

Detailed reading 9 In the next few frozen seconds the shame and horror of that moment penetrated and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before. A blind man and a child! Fumbling, feeling with cold, wet fingers for bolts and tools in the dark — a darkness that for him would probably never end until death. I don’t remember how long I sat there after they said good night and left me, but it was long enough for me to search deep within myself and find some disturbing traits. I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others and thoughtlessness. I sat there and said a prayer.

Detailed reading 10 “Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets. ” To me now, months later, this Scriptural admonition is more than just a passage in the Bible. It is a way of life, one that I am trying to follow. It isn’t always easy. Sometimes it is frustrating, sometimes expensive in both time and money, but the value is there. I am trying now not only to climb 14 steps each day, but in my small way to help others. Someday, perhaps, I will change a tire for a blind man in a car — someone as blind as I had been.

Detailed reading What can we infer about the author’s childhood? We can infer that he lived an unhappy and hard life in his childhood because of the early death of his father and the poor health of his mother.

Detailed reading 1. How did his second life begin? His second life began when he was afflicted with a slowly progressive disease of the motor nerves, affecting first his right arm and leg, and then his other side. 2. What does the author mean by “I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps”? In a way, the daily exercise of climbing helped to keep his physical capability (health), which in turn made him optimistic that he could continue living.

Detailed reading Why does the author call these steps “ 14 miserable steps”? Because the fact that everything in his life (his home, his job, his wife and his sanity) seemed to totally depend on these 14 steps made him miserable.

Detailed reading Why did the author dismiss the thought at once that any passing motorist would offer help at the moment? Because he knew that he would not stop if he were a passing driver in that situation.

Detailed reading 1. Was there any hint that indicates something unusual about the man? There were some indications: first, they were working awfully slow; second, the little girl obviously handed to the man something (the jack-handle) the man was unable to find. 2. How did the author feel when the man and the little girl were working in the storm? The author first felt sorry that he sat in the car dry and comfortable, while they were working in the heavy rain. But his uneasiness was soon relieved by the thought that he would pay them.

Detailed reading 1. Why did the old man refuse to accept the author’s payment? Because the old man took it for granted that offering free help to disabled people is what everyone should do, especially when they are in trouble. He believed that the author would have done the same for others. 2. When did the author realize that the old man was blind? The author did not realize it until the little girl explained to him “Grandpa can’t see it. ”

Detailed reading How did the author react to the girl’s words? On hearing the little girl’s words, the author was stunned for a few seconds, full of shame and horror, because as a handicapped man, he had taken others’ help for granted and had never expected that a blind man would work on the dark stormy night for him out of pure warm-heartedness for a fellow human being. This contrasts his own selfishness and indifference to the needs of others before the incident.

Detailed reading How did the author re-evaluate the 14 steps? The author came to be aware that some people who had the same or worse adversity were always ready to offer help. For him the 14 steps were not the whole thing in his life. There are other people he should give help to when he was struggling against his own adversity.

Detailed reading be inclined to be likely or tend to do sth. e. g. In the first instance I was inclined to refuse, but then I reconsidered. 起初我想拒绝，但后来还是重新考虑了。 He was inclined to give them a free hand. 他倾向于放手让他们干。 Synonym: tend to, be likely to

Detailed reading follow one’s example imitate e. g. Brian persuaded his brother to follow his example and join the army. I suggest you follow Ted’s example and take some regular exercise. Synonym: follow one’s lead

Detailed reading afflict vt. cause severe suffering or pain e. g. He was afflicted with cancer. 他患了癌症。 She was afflicted with conscience. 她受良心责备。 Collocation: be afflicted with Derivation: afflictive a. affliction n.

Detailed reading Translation: 1. 我对那些受苦受难的人们充满同情。 I have great sympathy for people in affliction. _____________________________ 2. 这种病女人比男人更容易患上。 It is an illness which afflicts women more than men. _____________________________

Detailed reading progressive a. developing gradually e. g. The build-up of pollutants in the atmosphere has led to a progressive weakening of the ozone layer. Since the 1950 s there has been a progressive fall in the numbers of adults who cannot read and write. Synonym: gradual, little by little

Detailed reading a cat has nine lives Explanation: It is a proverb. Cats are very tough and seem able to survive accidents or hardships.

Detailed reading with the aid of with the help of e. g. The bacteria can only be seen with the aid of a highpower microscope. The child was saved and brought back to life with the aid of an international rescue team. 这个孩子在国际救援队的帮助下得救了。

Detailed reading install vt. set up e. g. To minimize the risk of burglary, install a good alarm system. 安装可靠的报警设备，以降低被盗的风险。 The workers are installing a heating system. 人们正在安装供暖系统。 Derivation: installation n.

Detailed reading to a / some degree partly e. g. The film was boring to a degree. 这部影片相当枯燥。 A country’s future prosperity depends, to a degree, upon the quality of education of its people. Synonym: in a sense, in some way

Detailed reading hobble vi. walk in an awkward way because your feet are injured e. g. The old man hobbled along (the road) with the aid of his stick. 那老汉拄着拐杖一瘸一拐地走着。 Synonym: limp

Detailed reading disillusioned a. disappointed e. g. Disillusioned by his team’s poor performance, the manager resigned.

Detailed reading hold on to keep one’s grip on; not let go of e. g. He tried hard to be in his superior’s good graces in order to hold on to his job. 他想方设法讨上司的欢心，以保住自己的饭碗。 I’d hold on to that house for the time being; house prices are rising sharply at the moment. 目前我不能出让那所房子，此刻房价正在急剧上涨。

Detailed reading lead up to come before and result in e. g. The events that led up to the murder were shown in a series of flashbacks. The report describes the negotiations that led up to the settlement.

Detailed reading Activity: Choose a word or phrase and change its form if necessary to fill in each blank in the following sentences. with the aid of hold on to lead up to hobble disillusion 1. ______ your umbrella so that it won’t be blown Hold on to away. 2. She was anxious to enlighten me about the events that led up the dispute. to ______________ 3. All the other teachers are thoroughly disillusioned with their colleagues.

Detailed reading with the aid of hold on to lead up to hobble disillusion 4. Some of the runners could only manage to hobble _______ over the finishing line. With the aid of 5. _________ the searching dog, the rescue team has rescued many people’s lives in the earthquake.

Detailed reading I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it — repeating the process 14 times until, utterly spent, I would be though — I could then admit defeat and lie down and die. Translation: 我感到如果哪天我不能先抬起一只脚，另一只脚再痛苦地跟上，并把这一动作重复14次，直到疲惫不堪，那我就完了。这一天到来之时，就是我承认失败、倒下、死亡之时。

Detailed reading Here hobbled a bitterly disillusioned cripple, a man who held on to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job because of 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his garage. Paraphrase: Painfully and bitterly, a disabled man hobbled around here. Owing to the 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his garage, the man could keep up to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job. Translation: 这是一个梦想破灭、痛苦失望的残疾人，他蹒跚着，正是因为有了这条从车库通向后门的可怕的14级台阶，他才能保持理智、陪伴妻子、维护家庭、坚持作。

Detailed reading swerve vi. turn sharply and suddenly e. g. The car swerved to the right. I will never swerve from my declared policy on this matter. 我决不背离我已经宣布的在这个问题上的政策。 Synonym: turn, change

Detailed reading sweep vi. to move, especially quickly and powerfully e. g. Her eyes swept the room. 她的眼睛扫视了一下房间。 A wave of panic swept over her. 一阵惊恐袭上她的心头。 Comparison: clean the most common word, clean a dirty place or dirty object clear to remove or get rid of whatever is blocking or filling something, or to stop being blocked sweep give a cleaning with a broom, sometimes used figuratively

Detailed reading Comparison: mop to wash or wipe with or as if with a mop wipe to slide something, especially a piece of cloth, over the surface of something else, in order to remove dirt, food or liquid scrub to rub something hard in order to clean it, especially using a stiff brush, soap and water

Detailed reading Exercise: Choose a word from the list and use its appropriate form to fill in each blank: clean clear mop wipe scrub 1. I wiped my shoes on the mat before I came in. _______ 2. The mayor is determined to clean up the city. ______ 3. It took several hours to clear the road after the accident. _____ 4. I have to mop the kitchen floor at least once a day. _____ 5. Although she scrubbed the old pot thoroughly, she could not make it look completely clean.

Detailed reading dismiss vt. 1) refuse to accept that sth. might be true or important e. g. The government has dismissed criticisms that the country’s health policy is a mess. 2) formally ask or order someone to leave; fire e. g. At first she threatened to dismiss us all, but later she relented. 起初她威胁要解雇我们所有的人，但是后来她态度软化了。 Derivation: dismissible a.

Detailed reading … gusty winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. Paraphrase: Strong winds and heavy rain slammed the car when I drove slowly along the less-traveled roads. Translation: 狂风阵阵，倾盆大雨敲打着车身，我缓缓地驾车沿着一条车辆罕至的公路行驶。

Detailed reading … the enormity of the situation swept over me. Paraphrase: … the seriousness of the situation gripped me. Translation: ……坐在车内，我深感形势危急。

Detailed reading peer at look very carefully or hard at e. g. Walter peered anxiously at his father’s face. Collocation: peer through peer into e. g. She peers through the mist, trying to find the right path. The driver was peering into the distance trying to read the road sign.

Detailed reading slacken vt. become slower or less active e. g. The train slackened speed as it approached the station. 火车快到站时减慢了速度。 We slackened our pace as we reached the village.

Detailed reading jack up lift with a jack (a device for lifting heavy objects) e. g. Why don’t you jack it up and we’ll have a look at the suspension? Fred jacked up the car and started to unscrew the wheel nuts.

Detailed reading interval n. a period of time between activities e. g. He comes back to see us at regular intervals. 他每隔一段时间就回来看我们。 There is an hour’s interval to the next train. 下一火班车还要过一小时才开。 Collocation: at intervals 不时，时时；每隔一段时间（距离） at intervals of 相隔，每隔

Detailed reading Activity: Fill in each of the following blanks with a word or expression in its proper form. at regular intervals interval jack up bundle up peer 1. In the budget the chancellor is bound to jack up ____ the price of cigarettes. Bundled up 2. ______ in heavy clothes, the pedestrians walked hurriedly against the piercing cold wind. 3. When no one answered the door, she peered through ____ the window to see if anyone was there.

Detailed reading at regular intervals interval jack up bundle up peer ___________ 4. We see each other at regular intervals — usually about once a month. 5. There’s often a long _____ between an author interval completing a book and it appearing in the shops.

Detailed reading She was answered by the murmur of the man’s lower voice and the slow tilting of the car as it was jacked up. Translation: 老人用低沉的声音回应了她。随着千斤顶把汽车托起，车身缓慢地倾斜。

Detailed reading frail a. weak and poor in health e. g. A frail old woman with a walking stick came slowly down to the gate to meet us. His frail arm could barely hold his plate.

Detailed reading charge n. the price that you have to pay for a service or for sth. you buy e. g. No charge is made for repairs. They are happy to give their services free of charge. Derivation: chargeable a.

Detailed reading Activity: Translate the following sentences into English: 1. 她身体虚弱已有好几个月了。 Her health has been frail for months. ______________________ 2. 只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。 As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t _________________________ make any charge to you for delivery. _________________________

Detailed reading penetrate vt. enter, pass (into or through) e. g. Amazingly, the bullet did not penetrate his brain. In most jellyfish, these stinging cells are so small that they can’t penetrate human skin. Derivation: penetration n. a movement into or through something or someone; insight e. g. He writes with penetration. 他写的文章尖锐深刻。 What is your idea toward globalization and cultural penetration? 你对全球化和文化渗透有什么想法？

Detailed reading fumble vi. move the fingers in an attempt to do sth. awkwardly e. g. She fumbled about in her handbag for a pen. 她在手提袋中搜寻钢笔。 They fumbled around / about (= moved awkwardly) in the dark, trying to find their way out of the cinema.

Detailed reading overflow vi. /vt. be so full that the contents go over the sides; be very full e. g. The river overflowed its banks. 河水漫过了两岸。 The crowd overflowed the auditorium. 礼堂里挤满了人。 Synonym: flood, fill

Detailed reading indifference n. lack of interest, love, etc. e. g. Her apparent indifference made him even more nervous. 她表面上若无其事反而使他更加紧张。 His indifference was a fuel to her hatred. 他无动于衷使她的怨恨火上加油。 Derivation: indifferent a.

Detailed reading thoughtlessness n. the attitude of forgetting about the needs of other people e. g. I’m sorry to make you so painful. Please forgive my thoughtlessness. Note: thoughtless a. e. g. It was thoughtless not to phone and say you’d be late. She’s not intentionally unkind — she’s just a little thoughtless sometimes.

Detailed reading In the next few frozen seconds the shame and horror of that moment penetrated and I was sick with an intensity I had never felt before. Paraphrase: I had never been so overwhelmed by shame and horror as I was in the next few seemingly neverending seconds. Translation: 接下来的几秒钟里，时间仿佛凝固了，那一刻羞愧与恐惧感将我穿透，那强烈的痛苦我从未感受过。

Detailed reading I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others and thoughtlessness. Translation: 我意识到自己内心充满了自怜、自私和对别人需要的漠然与忽视。

Detailed reading “Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets. ” Paraphrase: Therefore, do to other people whatever you would like them to do to you: because this is the regulation and principle. Translation: 因此，无论你希望别人为你做什么，你都应先为别人做。因为这就是规则和先知。

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Phrase practice Word derivation Synonym / Antonym Compounding Writing Listening

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening with the aid of: with the help of 在……的帮助下 e. g. With the aid of my friends, I finished my task on time. 在朋友的帮助下，我按时完成了任务。

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening peer at: look very carefully and hard at 凝视 e. g. She peers at him closely, as if not believing it really is him. 她仔细地瞧着他，似乎不相信真会是他。

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening be all set: be ready 准备就绪，安排妥当 e. g. We were all set to leave when it started to rain. 我们正准备离开，这时候却开始下雨了。 He is all set for an early morning start. 他已做好清晨出发的一切准备。

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening indifference to: not caring about 对……漠不关心 e. g. His indifference to future needs is unfortunate. 他对未来的需要漠不关心，这真令人遗憾。 It shows an unattractive indifference to your employer and to your job. 它表明你对雇主和你的作态度冷漠，不感兴趣。

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1. You always follow your own inclination ______ instead of thinking of our feeling. (incline) ______ 2. The men stood in front of the bar, indifferent (indifference) to the argument that was going on across the road. 3. The company has had a successful first year at home but penetration (penetrate) of the international _______ market has been slow.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 4. We hadn’t seen her for many years and were very shocked by her frailty (frail). _______ 5. He does not consider his deafness an _____ (afflict). affliction excellence 6. We were all very impressed by the ______ (excellent) of the design. progressively 7. Her fever is getting _______ I think we should call a doctor. (progress) worse.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 8. The honeymoon period was soon followed by the usual (disillusion) with day-to-day disillusionment _________ reality.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation 1. incline v. inclination n. inclined a. Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 使有……倾向，易于；爱好倾向，意愿有……倾向的；倾斜的 e. g. 我在夏天易于疲劳。 I’m inclined to tiredness in summer. 我可不愿意一晚上都听你说话。 I have little inclination to listen to you all evening.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation 2. indifference n. indifferent a. indifferently ad. Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 不重视，无兴趣，漠不关心的，冷淡的不在乎地，冷淡地，淡然地 e. g. 他对她的伤心无动于衷。 He is indifferent to her sadness.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation 3. penetrate v. penetrating a. penetration n. Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 穿透，渗透；看穿敏锐的，尖锐的；穿透的，透彻的渗透，侵入，突破 e. g. 幸运的是，子弹没有穿过他的大脑。 Luckily, the bullet did not penetrate his brain. 这种特殊材料具有良好的渗透性。 This special material has a good penetration.

Vocabulary Grammar 4. frail a. frailty n. Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 脆弱的，虚弱的脆弱，意志薄弱；弱点 e. g. 人性的弱点之一是懒惰。 One of the frailties of human nature is laziness.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation 5. afflict v. affliction n. Integrated skills Oral activities Writing 使苦恼，折磨痛苦，苦恼，苦难 e. g. 她得了痛风病。 She was afflicted with gout. Listening

Vocabulary Grammar Translation 6. excellent a. excellence n. excellently ad. Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 极好的，杰出的优秀，卓越，优点优秀地，超群地 e. g. 这个男孩下定决心要成为一名优秀教师。 The boy made up his mind to become an excellent teacher. 这家商号是优质的保证。 The firm is a byword for excellence.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation 7. progress n. progression n. progressive a. Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 进步，发展，前进前进先进的；渐进的 e. g. 老师说这个学生学习进步很快。 The teacher says that this student is showing rapid progress in his studies. 她是那个时代最进步的作家。 She was the most progressive writer of those times.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation 8. disillusion vt. disillusionment n. disillusioned a. Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 使……幻想破灭幻灭感大失所望的，幻想破灭的 e. g. 她仍然相信有圣诞老人，要是让她这一幻想破灭有些残忍。 She still believes in Santa Claus and it would be cruel to disillusion her.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps. Antonym: pessimism 2. Not so. Here hobbled a bitterly disillusioned cripple, a man who held on to his sanity and his wife and his home and his job because of 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his garage. Synonym: painfully, desperately

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 3. She went into the house and a moment later came out bundled in raincoat and hat, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. Antonym: cheerless, unhappy, gloomy 4. I started the engine and thumped slowly along, keeping well over on the shoulder until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in — thankfully. Synonym: fortunately

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 5. He was an old man, stooped and frail-looking under his slicker. Synonym: weak, delicate, feeble 6. As I became older, I became more disillusioned and frustrated. Synonym: disappointed 7. I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others and thoughtlessness. Antonym: selflessness, unselfishness

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing 8. There followed a long interval of noises. Synonym: period Listening

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Write in each space the meaning of each given word. 1. likewise in the same way _____________________ 2. underway in progress _____________________ 3. carefree _____________________ with no concern 4. forthcoming soon _____________________ 5. stand-by _____________________ something ready for use 6. user-friendly handy to use _____________________ 7. soundproof preventing the passage of sound _____________________ 8. landlocked almost or entirely surrounded by land _____________________

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Numerals Determiners (both, each, either or neither, some, any)

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Cardinal numerals express integer (whole) abstract numbers, or the number / amount of the determined nouns in literal form. In addition to being numerals determining nouns, cardinal numerals may also work as: 1. adjectives 2. nouns 3. numeral “one” can also be a pronoun The different ways to express “around”: around, about, nearly, some, more or less, or so, thereabouts, etc.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Ordinal numerals are used to express an / the order in a series. In addition to being numerals determining nouns, ordinal numerals may also work as: 1. adjectives 2. nouns 3. adverbs Ordinal numerals allow both articles ahead. Again, the article determines the noun only, not the numeral. Fractional numeral is used to express parts of a whole. Commonly, it takes two forms: 1. Common fraction Work according to the formula: Wholes + Numerator / Denominator

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening e. g. 1 2/3 = (is equal to or means) one (whole) and / plus two thirds Note the “s” added to the denominator: “thirds”. 2. Decimal numbers Work according to the formula: Whole numbers (point) decimals e. g. 12. 15 = (is equal to or means) twelve fifteen, or twelve point fifteen

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Practice Correct the errors in the following sentences. 1. He was not due at the office for another threequarter of an hour. three quarters 2. This is the worst disaster I can remember in my plus 25 years as a police officer. 25 years plus 3. It took him one and a half hour to finish the task. hours

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 4. Five hundred yuan a month are enough to live on. is 5. Three fourths of the buildings was ruined. were 6. He is a student of the Class Two

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Determiners are used in front of nouns to indicate whether you are referring to something specific or something of a particular type. Both is used to indicate that the action or state denoted by the verb applies individually to each of the two entities. When both is used with and to link parallel elements in a sentence, the words or phrases that follow them should correspond grammatically. Both can only collocate with plural count nouns. e. g. Both her fingers are broken. Both Mary and Tom like reading English novels.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening The phrase beginning with each identifies a set of items wherein the words following each identify the individual elements by their shared characteristics. The phrase is grammatically singular in number, so if the phrase is the subject of a sentence, its verb is conjugated into a thirdperson singular form. Similarly, any pronouns that refer to the noun phrase are singular. e. g. Each candidate has 49 votes. Each voter must decide for herself.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Either and neither are used in sentences concerning a possible choice between two items. Either can mean one or the other (of two) or each of two. e. g. I’ve got tea and coffee, so you can have either. (one or the other) The room has a door at either end. (both) Neither means not the first one and not the second one. e. g. Neither of the students were listening.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Both, some and any appear before nouns. Some and any may be used with countable and uncountable nouns. e. g. He bought some sandwiches for lunch. He didn’t see any stars when he visited Hollywood. He ate some cheese with his sandwiches. He never drinks any coffee at night because then he can’t sleep.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Practice Fill in each of the blanks with some, any or one of their compounds. something 1. The repairs will cost ______ in the region of $500. ______ 2. I was amazed that some 400 people came to the meeting to discuss the new scheme for a shopping center. 3. George ought to be able to tell whether that old plate is something valuable. He is ______ an expert on china. of anything 4. What have you been up to? I haven’t seen _____ of you for ages.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 这位电影演员比大多数人更愿意帮助残疾人，因为他自己十年前曾中风过。 (be inclined to) This film actor is more inclined than most other people to help the handicapped because he himself suffered a stroke ten years ago.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Practice：我们更在意与陌生人、同事间的人情债，对朋友、家人就不太计较了。 We are more inclined to keep track of give-and-take with strangers and colleagues than with our friends and family. 父母的教导如果坚定、始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。 Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 2. 美国金融制度中的一些缺陷始终没有得到足够的重视，最终酿成了灾难性的后果。 (lead to) Some of the flaws in the American financial system, which had never received due attention, eventually led to disastrous consequences.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Practice：忧虑和紧张会导致失眠。 Worries and tension can lead to insomnia. 一个国家的政府若是开始发行大量纸币，那就一定会垮台。 If the government of a country began to issue large amounts of paper money, it would inevitably lead to bankruptcy.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 3. 赶快断了这个念头吧——这个想法太疯狂，根本不值得考虑。 (dismiss) Just dismiss the idea from your mind — it’s crazy and not worth thinking about at all.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Practice：由于作表现不好，一个月后他被辞退了。 In consequence of his bad work, he was dismissed a month later. 我终于能够摆脱长久以来心中的恐惧了。 At last I am able to dismiss the fear I have harbored for so long.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 4. 这位老人虽然身患风湿病，但是还是坚持每天跑步、爬山。 (afflict) The old man is afflicted with rheumatism, but he still goes jogging and mountain-climbing every day.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Practice：整个社会陷入资猛降，失业增加的悲惨境地。 The grievous predicament of falling wages and rising unemployment afflicted the whole community. 希拉里认为奥巴马的演说确实很精彩，但对于困扰国家的问题，她才是那个能给出真正解决方法的人。 Hillary Clinton has said, in effect, that Obama speaks well, but that she offers real solutions to the problems that afflict the nation.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Dictation Cloze Oral activities Writing Listening

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Dictation You will hear a passage read three times. At the first reading, you should listen carefully for its general idea. At the second reading, you are required to write down the exact words you have just heard (with proper punctuation). At the third reading, you should check what you have written down.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening With the invention of the radio, / newspaper publishers wondered / how broadcasting would affect them. / Many feared / that the radio as a quick and easy means of keeping people informed / would displace the newspaper industry altogether. / Others hoped / that the brief newscast heard on the air / would stimulate listeners’ interest in the story, / so they’d buy the paper to get more information. / This second idea turned out to be closer to the truth. / Radio and print actually supported each other. / However, this is not always the case. / Take television

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening and motion pictures for example. / With the popularization of TV, / the motion picture suffered greatly. / Movie attendance dropped / when people chose to stay at home and be entertained.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening It was very late at night on the eve of Memorial Day. A nice-looking white lady got on the subway train (1) with a _____ baby on her right arm and two children after her. I saw her preparing to get off at the next station — which happened where to be the place (2) _______ I had to get off. I could see the steep concrete stairs going up into the street. Should I as offer my help (3) ___ the American white man had done? But how could I, a Negro, approach this white lady (4) who _____ very likely might be prejudiced against Negroes?

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening What would she say? What would be the first reaction ___ of this white lady? What would I do if she screamed (5) as I went toward her to offer my help? Was I misjudging her? So much is written every day in the daily press against Negroes. I hesitated for a long, long time. The traditional good inside manners were struggling (6) me. ______Here I was, hours past midnight, face-to-face with a situation (7) that ______ could very well become an incident of prejudice caused by the unjust policy of our society today.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening It was a long time. I passed on by her as (8) if I saw __ _____ nothing. As if I didn’t see (9) that she needed help. I just moved on, half running, leaving the children and the alone / behind woman (10) ________.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening There should be a relative adverb leading the attributive clause, referring to place. It was very late at night on the eve of Memorial Day. A nice-looking white lady got on the subway train (1) _____ a with baby on her right arm and two children after her. I saw her preparing to get off at the next station — which happened where to be the place (2) _______ I had to get off. I could see the steep concrete stairs going up into the street. Should I as offer my help (3) ___ the American white man had done? But how could I, a Negro, approach this white lady (4) who _____ very likely might be prejudiced against Negroes?

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening What word can lead an adverbial clause of manner? It was very late at night on the eve of Memorial Day. A nice-looking white lady got on the subway train (1) with a _____ baby on her right arm and two children after her. I saw her preparing to get off at the next station — which happened where to be the place (2) _______ I had to get off. I could see the steep concrete stairs going up into the street. Should I as offer my help (3) ___ the American white man had done? But how could I, a Negro, approach this white lady (4) who _____ very likely might be prejudiced against Negroes?

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening There should be a relative pronoun leading the attributive clause. was very late at night on the eve of Memorial Day. A It nice-looking white lady got on the subway train (1) _____ a with baby on her right arm and two children after her. I saw her preparing to get off at the next station — which happened where to be the place (2) _______ I had to get off. I could see the steep concrete stairs going up into the street. Should I as offer my help (3) ___ the American white man had done? But how could I, a Negro, approach this white lady (4) who _____ very likely might be prejudiced against Negroes?

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening There should be a relative pronoun leading the attributive clause. What would she say? What would be the first reaction as of this white lady? What would I do if she screamed (5) ___ I went toward her to offer my help? Was I misjudging her? So much is written every day in the daily press against Negroes. I hesitated for a long, long time. The traditional good inside. Here I was, hours manners were struggling (6) me. ______ past midnight, face-to-face with a situation (7) that ______ could very well become an incident of prejudice caused by the unjust policy of our society today.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Giving a talk Having a discussion Writing Listening

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening An incident, especially an unusual incident, can change one’s attitude towards life. Suppose you were one of the students of Wenchuan Middle School who survived the earthquake in May 2008. Tell your classmates what you went through at that critical moment as well as the impact your survival has had on you. For reference

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 1) You may use the following words or expressions in your talk: debris, ruins, suffer from, undergo, hardship, fearful, hopeless, despair, afraid, give up, face up to, selfencouragement, support, belief, uphold, persistence, survive, strong, cherish

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 2) You may want to give the following viewpoints in your talk: — When the disaster happens, try to be strong to face up to the hardship. — As a survivor, you cherish your family members and friends around you more. — People should acquire some knowledge of saving themselves in a disaster.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening In the text the author tells us a moving story of how a blind old man helped him fix his car on a stormy night. Noble as the act was, not all people can understand why the blind man chose to do so. Suppose you were that blind man. Now talk to someone who does not understand your act, and exchange your ideas about why we should or should not help those in need when we ourselves are in need of help from others. For reference

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Viewpoints for reference: — I think if I were the blind man, I would not help the author. It was raining so heavily and the road was so slippery and my dear granddaughter was so young. Changing the tire, for me, was a timeconsuming job which wouldn’t be easy. If I were in danger, what should my granddaughter do? Who could she depend on? Helping others in such bad weather is beyond me. Instead, I would call my neighbor or the local police to come to help.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening — I think if I were the blind man, I would help the author. Critical and urgent as the situation was at that moment, the author was in a despair. No matter how hard, I would have a try. Even if I could see nothing, I had my granddaughter’s help. The great happiness, for me, is to be trusted. Through helping others, I feel I am still a useful and helpful man. What a great feeling!

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Paragraph development — Analogy Writers very often explain something that is new or difficult by comparing it to something that the reader already knows well. When such a comparison is carried through in detail, we call it an analogy. Creative analogies are always impressive and inspiring. They arouse readers’ interest and make them want to read more. Some analogies may appear strange and weird at first sight, but they can open our minds to see our subject in new and interesting ways.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Exercises: Write two paragraphs based on the following topic sentences with the analogy strategy. 1. Elderly people are like babies. Ideas for reference: They need the care and intervention of others. They rely on their families for emotional support.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Sample: Elderly people are like babies. The most obvious similarity between elderly people and babies is that they need the care and intervention of others. They may depend upon someone for something as simple as moving from place to place. Many elderly people and infants cannot walk without assistance. A person weak with age may sit in a wheelchair all day and require others to push them. Most importantly, they both need others’ extra attention. They are not so socially active so they rely more on their families for emotional support. Babies and old people, you have to love them, they are the most lovable people in the world.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 2. Finding the right major is like finding the right person to marry. Ideas for reference: They both take two parties to make work. Love really counts when we decide on the choice. They are both hard to find.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Sample: Finding the right major is like finding the right person to marry. A marriage takes two parties to make it work. Likewise, a successful college education depends on the relationship between the student and the major that they choose. The branch of learning that can supposedly prepare one for the financially most rewarding job is not necessarily the best choice for a particular person. Similarly, the most intelligent student is very often not among the right people to take the most competitive major. Just as in marriage, love really counts when we decide on the choice of major. Only when we have a

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening passion for the particular field of knowledge will we be able to come out as excellent students and then start a highly profitable or emotionally rewarding career. Finding the right college major can also be as hard as finding the right person to marry. As much as appearances can be deceptive in relationships, many academic subjects can look appealing but often turn out to be most boring. So it is sensible for a college student to open their eyes wide when they shop around for the right major before they make up their minds.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening A. Read the four brief newspaper reports below. Then, as you listen, try to decide which report best corresponds to the information given in the radio news item. Why? And why were the other three wrong?

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening a. Third amnesia case The third man in less than a month suffering from amnesia was found yesterday in Skipton, about 55 miles from Leeds. A police spokesman told reporters that the man had been wandering the hills for days. His wallet contained money, but no identification. Report A is wrong for three reasons: the man was found in Grassington, not in Skipton; the reporter said he had no wallet on him; and the police didn’t know for sure if he had been wandering the hills or not.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening b. Man says: “I can’t remember anything. ” A middle-aged man found wandering in a village in Yorkshire suffering from amnesia said he couldn’t remember anything. Police describe him as about 55, about six feet tall, with grey hair, grey beard and glasses. Report B corresponds best. Nothing in it contradicts the radio news item.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening c. Grassington visited by stranger A 55 -year-old blind man was found yesterday wandering the hills near Grassington in Yorkshire. Well dressed, and apparently well educated, he is suffering from severe amnesia. Report C is wrong for two reasons: the man was not blind, and he was not found wandering the hills.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening d. Police appeal for help to identify man Yorkshire police have appealed to the public to help identify a tall man who drove into a Yorkshire village suffering from shock. When he arrived, he was wearing a black suit and a grey shirt. Report D is wrong for three reasons: he did not drive into the village, he was not suffering from shock, and he was not wearing a black suit and a grey shirt.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening B. Listen again. In pairs, ask and tell each other: 1. where the man was found In the village of Grassington. 2. what he was suffering from Amnesia. 3. why he couldn’t be identified He had no means of identification on him.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 4. what the police inspector said the man was wearing A dark grey suit and black shoes, and a blue striped shirt. 5. what the inspector said they would be issuing A photograph of the man. 6. what the inspector said they thought the man might have been doing He might have been wandering around the hills.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening 7. what the inspector said they would surely do They would of course check the “Missing Persons” files. 8. who the inspector said they would have to rely on The public. 9. what Mr. X told the reporter How he felt. 10. what the reporter said about further news They would bring us further news on this mysterious case when they can.

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening C. Imagine you had lost your memory. How do you think you would feel? What would you do about it? What would you say to other people in order to hide any embarrassment you might feel?

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening Newsreader: Police today issued an appeal to the public to help identify a man found yesterday wandering around the village of Grassington in Yorkshire suffering from amnesia. A report from Ron Warrington in Leeds. Warrington: The sudden appearance of Mr. X at 5 a. m. yesterday morning in the village of Grassington, about 8 miles from Skipton, and 35 from Leeds, drew the attention of villagers and greatly disturbed the local police. For this man is the third person

Vocabulary Grammar Warrington: Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening suffering from amnesia to be found in this area in the past month. This man, like the previous two, had no means of identification on him — no wallet, no money, no papers, nothing — and all of the labels in his clothes had been cut out. One villager told me that the man was wandering around like a blind man: he had to be led to a house while someone phoned for the police, she said. When I interviewed the local Inspector of Police, he had this to say:

Vocabulary Grammar Police inspector: Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening What is worrying is that this man seems to be quite well-educated and is wearing expensive clothes, but he can’t remember anything. He has no idea who he is or what he is doing in this part of the country. I would like to appeal to anyone who may know him, or anyone who thinks they may know him, to come forward. He’s about 55 years old, about 6 feet tall, with glasses, has grey hair and a short

Vocabulary Grammar Police inspector: Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening grey beard. He’s wearing a dark grey suit and black shoes, and a blue striped shirt. We shall be issuing a photograph of him taken just after he was found. From the condition of his clothes, we think he may have been wandering around the hills, but we don’t know for sure. Unless someone can recognize him — and the two other gentlemen — we have a real mystery on our hands. I can only repeat that we shall do everything we can to discover this

Vocabulary Grammar Police inspector: Warrington: Man: Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening man’s identity, and shall of course be checking our “Missing Persons” files, but we shall have to rely very much on the public for help. In a brief interview, Mr. X told me how he felt. I can’t remember anything at all. I wish I could be anybody. I might be single, I might be married and have three or four children. I should probably be at work somewhere right now. But I just don’t know. I simply have to find out

Vocabulary Man: Grammar Translation Integrated skills Oral activities Writing Listening something about myself. It’s like living in a dream world. It’s horrible … Warrington: We shall bring you further news on this mysterious case when we can. Ron Warrington, Yorkshire.

Text II Memorable quotes Lead-in questions Text Questions for discussion

Text II Memorable quotes 1. Can you give one of your personal stories to illustrate the power of perseverance? 2. According to you, what can you do to foster perseverance?

Text II Memorable quotes The Power of Belief “You will never walk again. You will have to use a 1 wheelchair. ” Unprepared for the doctor’s grim prognosis, I heard his words fall heavily on my ears, numbing my soul. If I had never felt hopeless before, I felt hopeless then. My catastrophic car accident had left me 2 unconscious and in critical condition. I awakened to find both legs swathed in casts, the left one in traction to aid the healing of a broken hip and pelvis. While I had other serious injuries, my legs were my prime concern. Working as a special-needs teacher and “on the go” by nature, I couldn’t imagine being confined, let alone an invalid.

Text II Memorable quotes 3 Lying in my bed motionless and relying on prayer, I wondered how I could give my ten-year-old son hope that Mom would heal. He’d been cheerful on every visit, but I saw the fear in his eyes. Looking forward to having a totally handicapped mother and the implications of that were weighing heavily on his little shoulders. He needed the ray of hope that I would not be in a wheelchair forever. 4 Just maybe, I thought, I could use this experience to teach what to do when adversity strikes. But I wasn’t just being altruistic. I needed something besides my physical healing to sink my Irish stubbornness into;

Text II Memorable quotes it’s that trait that kept me going through the toughest challenge of my life. 5 It didn’t take me long to become impatient with my limited mobility and even with the pace therapists were willing to go with me. I vowed to learn everything they showed me. Attempting to move on my own at night after the nurses’ last rounds, I’m sure I broke every hospital rule. I needed to make things happen my way. And being confined to a wheelchair the rest of my life didn’t fit into my plans.

Text II Memorable quotes 6 At first, I taught myself to move from the bed to the wheelchair. I made tiny movements for weeks, afraid of falling, but more afraid to just lie in bed. I reached a point where my arms were strong enough to swing me into the chair. Getting out of the chair and back into bed proved more difficult, but I soon developed a method of grabbing the sheets with one hand the traction bar with the other. I wouldn’t win any gymnastics competitions, but it worked; I often wondered what the nurses and therapists would have done if they’d seen me struggling on my own.

Text II Memorable quotes 7 Once sure I could return myself to the bed from the wheelchair, I began to tackle a walker that had been left in my room by a former hospital roommate. If the nurses noticed that the wheelchair and walker were not where they had left them, they weren’t saying anything. I wondered if a conspiracy of silence had developed: I wouldn’t say anything about my secret therapy sessions, and they kept quiet as well. 8 Every night in my private room, as soon as I knew I wouldn’t be interrupted or discovered, I would maneuver myself from the bed to the floor, holding on to the bed rail for dear life, and slowly putting my weight on my feet.

Text II Memorable quotes After several weeks of these ever so difficult efforts, my strength and confidence continued to build. So came the ultimate challenge: alternating and moving my feet one inch at a time. I had dreams of striding briskly down the halls at school, playing dodge ball at recess, and driving again — grandiose dreams to be sure, but I knew one thing for certain: there would come a day when the wheelchair would be gone and I would walk.

Text II Memorable quotes 9 It came the time to share my accomplishments with the person most important to me. One night, before my son arrived for his regular visit, I pulled myself into the chair and stationed the walker in front of me. When I heard him greet the nurses at the station, I dragged myself up. As he opened the door, I took a few small steps. Shocked, he could only watch as I turned and started back to bed. All of the pain, the fear, and the struggle faded as I heard the words I had longed to hear, “Mommy, you can walk!”

Text II Memorable quotes 10 I am now able to walk alone, sometimes using a cane. I am able to take public transportation to shop and visit friends. My life has been blessed with many milestones and accomplishments of which I am proud. But none has ever brought me the satisfaction and joy offered by those four little words spoken by my son.

Text II Memorable quotes . . . I heard his words fall heavily on my ears, numbing my soul. : . . . his words made me aware of the seriousness of my injury, chilling my soul.

Text II Memorable quotes my legs were my prime concern. : … the injuries of my legs were my first and foremost concern.

Text II Memorable quotes “on the go” by nature: being active by nature

Text II Memorable quotes … the implications of that were weighing heavily on his little shoulders. : … what it meant (to have a totally handicapped mother) worried my son.

Text II Memorable quotes when adversity strikes: when one is suddenly attacked by misfortune or finds himself in a difficult situation

Text II Memorable quotes I needed something besides my physical healing to sink my Irish stubbornness into …: Besides my healing, I needed to do something with the stubbornness by which we Irish people are characterized. Here “stubbornness” means perseverance.

Text II Memorable quotes And being confined to a wheelchair the rest of my life didn’t fit into my plans. : I didn’t intend to be confined to a wheelchair the rest of my life.

Text II Memorable quotes I wondered if a conspiracy of silence had developed: A conspiracy of silence is a tacit agreement. Here the author means the nurses seemed to have agreed, tacitly, to keep silent about what she was doing.

Text II Memorable quotes I would maneuver myself from my bed to the floor … : I would succeed in moving from my bed to the floor with care and skill …

Text II Memorable quotes dodge ball: a game in which several players form a ring and throw a large inflated ball at one or more players inside the ring who try to catch or dodge the ball

Text II Memorable quotes My life has been blessed with many milestones and accomplishments: “Be blessed with” means to be endowed with.

Text II Memorable quotes 1. What do you think made the author stand up again? The author stood up again because of her love for her son and her will to face the challenges of life. 2. Do you believe in the power of belief? Please illustrate your point with examples. The answer is yes. The power of belief is shown in innumerable examples, especially when human beings are faced with dreadful disasters, such as the earthquake in Wenchuan County of Sichuan Province in 2008.

Text II Memorable quotes 3. The author thinks the nurses must have noticed what she did in their absence, but they chose to be silent about it. Do you think it possible or not? Give your reasons. It is possible. If they did, it would be because they knew it would do her good in the long run.

Text II Memorable quotes 1. ’Tis not enough to help the feeble up, But to support him after. — William Shakespeare It is not enough to help the weak once or temporarily, but to support him after.

Text II Memorable quotes 2. If I can stop one Heart from breaking I shall not live in Vain If I can ease one life the Aching Or cool one Pain Or help one fainting Robin Unto his nest again I shall not live in vain. — Emily Dickinson I will certainly make life meaningful if I can stop one from heartbreaking or reduce one’s suffering or pain in life or just help a Robin losing its consciousness back to its nest again.