Unit 2 – Meteorology Essential Vocabulary Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Ionosphere Meteorology Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gases Temperature inversion Dew Weather Climate Ozone Insolation Wind chill Humidity Dew point Fog Cloud Frost
Test Recovery Instructions EVERYONE MUST DO TEST RECOVERY! 1. Write out each question that you missed. 1. 2. Write the correct answer AND where you found it … either from the exact section of notes in your notebook i. e. . Energy Transfer Notes-Conduction (Energy Notes … is not good enough) OR in the text book … give the page # and paragraph # i. e. Pg. 564 4 th paragraph. § If you do not finish … place in folder, finish in GRIZZ Period. 3. If you do finish … place in basket. 2. When you finish all … you get 2 pts back or 4% total. 5. Retakes in Grizz Period for up to 70%. 4.
I. WHAT IS WEATHER?
A. Weather Definition- the state of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place. Includes: 1. a. types of clouds b. precipitation (rain, snow, sleet) c. storms, even dust storms d. moisture in air e. air pressure f. wind direction
The study of weather and the atmosphere is what branch of Earth Science? Meteorology
“Red sky at night, sailors delight Red sky in the morning, sailors warning”
B. Weather Scales & Models 1. Beaufort Scalerelates wind speed to the effects of land sea.
2. Wind chill Scale- actual temp. vs temp with wind a. ) shows frostbite potential b. ) frost bite- “frozen body tissue”
There are four degrees of frostbite. This is and example of fourth degree frost bite where only amputation of the affected area will save the patient.
Beaufort scale self-cast Assignment Purpose : Learn to use a Meteorological scale to help forecast the weather. Obtain the Beaufort scale handout. 2. Complete the scale drawings and descriptions. Make sure that all sketches are colored with detail. 1. 3. Beaufort scale used for kiteboarding
Earth Science 15 minutes to finish your Beaufort Scale. If you are done, please get it checked off by Mr. Bullock.
Sketch the Diagram on pg. 523 (red text)in your notes- label the layers with the correct km. http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=3 Cer. Jb. Z-dm 0
C. Composition of the Atmosphere Nitrogen- most abundant gas= it’s stable 2. Oxygen- 2 nd most abundant 3. Carbon Dioxide- used by plants 4. Water vapor- produces clouds & rain 1.
D. Structure of the Atmosphere
1. Troposphere- “changing” a. Temperature cools as elevation increases. b. Earth’s clouds and weather occur.
2. Stratosphere- “layers” a. Upper portion is warmer. b. contains ozone layer (absorbs energy) 18 – 50 KM
Ozone Layer Depletion in 1970, growing ever since. Caused by Nitric oxide & CFC’s
3. Mesosphere: ‘meso’- middle a. Temperature cools as elevation increases. (50 – 80 KM) b. Friction of gases protects Earth from meteoroids
4. Thermosphere- “heat” a. Temperature increases with elevation (80 – 500 K) b. Northern lights occur
Northern Lights- Aurora Borealis
c. Thermosphere layers: 1. ) Ionosphere- UV light from the sun causes gas molecules to become electrically charged particles (Ions) Ions are formed when UV light from the sun knock electrons off of oxygen atoms.
2. ) Exosphere- “outer” portion, extends toward space.
E. Importance of the Atmosphere Stable environment 2. Protection- sun & meteoroids 3. Warmth- water can exist as a liquid 1.
Layers of the Atmosphere Graph & Mural Materials: Red text Ruler Colored pencils Mural & Graph Packet
Green House Effect Green house effect. Green house gasses. Earth surface radiates infrared heat waves. These waves are reflected back by water vapor and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In a green house the glass roof acts like the carbon dioxide and water vapor in the air. It lets the light in to heat up the soil but does not let the infrared waves out. Gasses that thicken the atmosphere. Water vapor C 02 Methane
Greenhouse Gases: water vapor, CO 2, methane
Quiz 3 Template Know gasses that make up atmosphere. 2. What layer contains the ozone? 3. What layer does weather occur in? 4. What is the BASIS for the division of atmosphere layers? 5. What layer do you live in? 6. What layer is responsible for the break up of meteors? 7. Order the layer from lowest to highest. (place a arrow by each layer to represent whether temp. increases or decreases. ) 8. Know the three greenhouse gases. & how the greenhouse effect works 1.
“The Atmosphere” Video Questions What does the atmosphere block? 2. Describe Bill’s “atmosphere cylinder” experiment, & what were his findings? 3. How do pilot’s determine their current altitude? 4. Describe the difference of air pressure between Death valley & on top of a mountain. Why the difference? 5. Why do your ear’s pop in a plane? 6. Order the five layers of the atmosphere from highest to lowest. 7. Why is it warmer in low cities than in the high mountains? 8. How are Earth’s atmosphere and a greenhouse similar? 9. Bill must run around the track _______ times to simulate the height of the troposphere. 10. Name three topics of the atmosphere that were described in the “weather rap. ” 1.
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