UNCLASSIFIED SEADA Briefing CW 2 R. MANDELL UNCLASSIFIED
Goal of the SAEDA Program • To secure the assistance of every DA member in the deterrence and detection of intelligence and terrorist threats to the Army. TSG Marianas
SAEDA Brief Objectives üDescribe the foreign intelligence threat üIdentify indicators of possible espionage related activity üKnow where to report questionable acts or attempts by a Foreign Intelligence Service to collect information. TSG Marianas
Governing Regulations ARMY AR 381 -12 Dept. of Defense 5200. 1 -R NAVY REG 5510. 1 F AIR FORCE AFR 205 -57 TSG Marianas
Applicability u. Army Regulation 381 -12 applies to all Department of the Army personnel (Military and Civilian) and members of the Army National Guard and the US Army Reserves u. Local National Employees as governed by SOFA / Treaties TSG Marianas
Terms • SUBVERSION Advocating, causing, or attempting to cause insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny, or refusal of duty by any member of the armed forces of the United States or by Department of Defense civilian personnel with the intent to interfere with, impair, or influence the loyalty, morale, or discipline of such armed forces. (see 18 USC 2387 -88) TSG Marianas
Terms • ESPIONAGE The act of obtaining, delivering, transmitting, communicating, or receiving information in respect to the national defense with an intent or reason to believe that the information may be used to the injury of the United States or to the advantage of any foreign nation. (18 USC 792 -798 and Article 106 a, UCMJ) TSG Marianas
Terms • SPYING In time of war, the act of clandestinely or under false pretenses collecting or attempting to collect information with the intent to convey it to a hostile party. (see Article 106, UCMJ) TSG Marianas
Foreign Intelligence Service FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SERVICE An organization that is part of a foreign government and engages in intelligence activities FIS FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SERVICE TSG Marianas
FIS EXPLOITS. . . SIGINT Landbased Seaborne Overhead HUMINT Diplomatic Personnel Commercial Visitors Merchant Ships Students Open Source IMINT Aircraft Satellite -High Resolution -Low Resolution TSG Marianas
The Army’s Vulnerability. . . • Conception that Foreign governments aren’t interested in anything I’m doing. • Volunteer Spy • Data exchange agreements • Foreign government’s Increasing need for technologies • Americans are very lax with who is listening or with operational security TSG Marianas
Your Vulnerability • Are You a Lucrative Source ? – Duties & Position – Travel – Access to Information (Classified or Unclassified) TSG Marianas
Persons - Special Vulnerability • • • Frequent official overseas travel Resided in a foreign country Relatives in a foreign country Born/raised in a foreign country Persons with access to classified defense information • Persons having extraordinary financial difficulty TSG Marianas
Countries of Special Concern • Director of Central Intelligence Directive (DCID) number 1/20, Security Policy Concerning Travel and Assignment of Personnel with Access to Sensitive Compartmented Information, dated 29 December 1991. (AR 381 -12, 15 Jan 93) TSG Marianas
Countries of Special Concern Afghanistan Albania Bulgaria PR of China Colombia Cuba (exc. US Navy Base) Estonia Iran Iraq Laos Latvia Lebanon Libya Lithuania Myanmar (form. Burma) Nicaragua North Korea Peru Romania South Africa Syria Vietnam States-Former USSR Territory-Former Yugoslavia TSG Marianas
Who Is Spying on the U. S. ? Traditional Adversaries Former Soviet Union Hungary North Korea Former Republic Yugoslavia Iraq Pakistan Iran Poland Czech Republic China Cuba TSG Marianas
Who Is Spying on the U. S. ? Non-traditional Adversaries Israel France Germany Japan South Korea India Saudi Arabia Taiwan United Kingdom All others TSG Marianas
Where Do They Collect? • • ? R&D Centers Military Installations Civilian Contractor Facilities Universities Conferences & Symposiums Technical Exhibitions Any other place that may be a lucrative source of information they are seeking TSG Marianas
What Do They Want? • Technology in development of arms and armament • Project information on policies and intentions of Do. D Worldwide • Scientific & Industrial technology • Readiness Posture This list is by no means complete! TSG Marianas
Recruitment Cycle ESPIONAGE TSG Marianas
Recruitment Cycle SPOT TSG Marianas
Recruitment Cycle SPOT ASSESS TSG Marianas
Recruitment Cycle SPOT ASSESS RECRUIT TSG Marianas
Espionage Recruitment Cycle SPOT ASSESS RECRUIT TSG Marianas
Past Cases • • Indicators Vulnerabilities Methods & Techniques Convictions & Sentences Received TSG Marianas
Case Study - POLLARD • Indicators 1) Excessive photocopying 2) Boasting - Association with Mossad • Vulnerabilities 1) Swaying ideologies 2) Greed • Methods & Techniques 1) Sold numerous classified documents 2) Vainly sought asylum at Israeli Embassy • Conviction & Sentence Received 1) 2) Jonathan - 4 Mar 87 - Life Imprisonment Anne - 4 Mar 87 - 5 years TSG Marianas
Case Study - HALL • Indicators 1) Discovery of Large Sums of Money 2) Living style was far beyond his pay scale 3) Excessive photocopying • Vulnerabilities 1) Greed • Methods & Techniques 1) Conduit: Huseyin Yildirim • Conviction & Sentence Received 1) 2) J. Hall - 9 Mar 89 - 40 yrs / $50, 000. / Dish. Yildirim - 20 Jul 89 - Life Imprisonment TSG Marianas
Case Study - CONRAD • Indicators 1) Recruited by Zoltan Szabo • Vulnerabilities 1) Greed • Methods & Techniques 1) Took suitcases of doc’s off base 2) Recruited others to collect for him • Conviction & Sentence Received 1) Conrad - 6 Jun 90 - Treason by German Court with Life Imprisonment TSG Marianas
Case Study - SOMBOLAY • Indicators 1) Foreign Travel 2) Disgruntled employee • Vulnerabilities 1) Greed 2) Financially distressed • Methods & Techniques 1) Stole items from work 2) Contact with embassies outside Germany • Conviction & Sentence Received 1) Convicted to 34 years hard labor 2) Plea bargained for 19 years TSG Marianas
Case Study - AMES • Indicators 1) Disgruntled employee 2) Living Above Means of Income • Vulnerabilities 1) Greed 2) Professionally unsatisfied • Methods & Techniques 1) Contacted Soviet embassy officials in D. C. 2) stole class info. from CIA • Conviction & Sentence Received 1) Pled guilty to charge of espionage on 28 Apr 94, sentenced to Life w/out parole. TSG Marianas
AR 381 -12 Reporting Requirements. 415 th Military Police Detachment
Criminal Penalties • Death Penalty has been enacted under the UCMJ (military) and Title 18 USC (civilians and military) for peacetime espionage. U. S. Supreme Court TSG Marianas
Failure to Report. . . Failure to report a SAEDA incident may be used as a basis for disciplinary action under the UCMJ and other authority as applicable. (Article 92, UCMJ) When in doubt, REPORT IT: TSG Marianas
Reporting Requirements • Attempts by unauthorized persons to obtain Do. D information • Acts of Espionage by Army personnel • Contacts by DA (Military or Dependent) Personnel with foreigners that show undue interest in the service member and their duties, etc. • Information concerning international or domestic terrorism when it threatens the US TSG Marianas
Reporting Requirements • Attempts to encourage violation of laws, disobey orders or regulations (Subversion) • Acts of Treason by Army personnel • Army persons advocating unconstitutional Overthrow of US Government (Sedition) • Unauthorized disclosure of classified information regardless of the circumstances TSG Marianas
Reporting Requirements • Intrusions into Classified or Unclassified Automated Information Systems. TSG Marianas
Other Matters of Counter Intelligence Interest • Discovery of Listening Devices • Unauthorized absence of persons who have had access to Top Secret information • Attempted or actual suicide of DA member who has had access to classified • COMSEC insecurities (except administrative) • Assassinations--attempted/planned • Defection/attempted defections • Detention of DA member by foreign government or entity TSG Marianas
Other Matters of CI Interest • Impersonation of Army intelligence and/or unlawful possession of MI badge & credentials • Compromise of Intelligence Personnel in a covert status • When Foreign countries try to employ US Nuclear Weapons specialists When in doubt, REPORT IT. TSG Marianas
Indicators • Attempts to expand access • Unauthorized removal of classified materials from the work area • Extensive use of automation equipment • Extra work hours • Bringing unauthorized electronic devices into classified data areas (i. e. Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility) TSG Marianas
Indicators • • Unexplained/undue affluence Opening several bank accounts Frequent unexplained short trips Unexplained visits to foreign embassies Repeated Security Violations Homesteading Joking or bragging about involvement with FIS • Sudden reversal of financial situation TSG Marianas
Reporting Procedures Persons having knowledge of a SAEDA incident: • Nearest supporting CI office • Unit S 2/ Security Manager • If assigned or traveling OCONUS and there is no Army CI element, report to the nearest: ÞUS Military Authority ÞUS Embassy ÞConsulate Security Office TSG Marianas
Reporting Procedures Do’s: • Recall as many details as possible – – – Date, time, place, circumstances I. D. data and physical description Vehicle license number and description I. D. of any witnesses Details of conversation or correspondence • Record immediately after the incident TSG Marianas
Reporting Procedures Do Not: • • • Conduct your own investigation Take Money or Sign anything Divulge any sensitive information Agree or Disagree to cooperate Tell family & friends of the incident Put yourself in any dangerous situation TSG Marianas
TERRORISM WORLD TRADE CENTER NEW YORK CITY FEDERAL BUILDING OKLAHOMA CITY . . RYDER TSG Marianas
TERRORISM Any activity that -- • Uses violence or the threat of violence to attain goals through intimidation, coercion, or instilling fear. Terrorism involves a criminal act that is often symbolic in nature and intended to influence an audience beyond the immediate victims. TSG Marianas
TERRORISM • THREAT – Domestic – International • Who’s Vulnerable? – DA Personnel – Family members TSG Marianas
TERRORISM • Operational Planning Involves – Target Selection – Weapons Acquisition – Target Surveillance – Attack Rehearsals TSG Marianas
General Guidance (overseas) • Avoid publicity (demonstrations, etc. ) • Keep a low profile (avoid US specific apparel) • Vary your daily routine • Keep staff and family aware of itineraries (even your daily itinerary) • Attract as little attention as possible • Additional info. can be found in AR 52313, Antiterrorism TSG Marianas
Protect Your Automobile Lock Doors & Shut Windows ZS#$ Look for anything out of the ordinary! TSG Marianas
Protect Your Home • Alarm System • Dead Bolts • Thick Doors • Intimidating Pets • Windows Locked USE COMMON SENSE !!! TSG Marianas
Travel Security • Move to secured areas quickly when in a terminal if something should happen • Use tourist passport for high risk areas • Wear uniform only when necessary • Avoid US-unique apparel TSG Marianas
Be Observant ! • Watch others – If followed, do NOT confront surveillants !! – Reach safe haven and call police • Stay in busy thoroughfares or walkways. • Watch surroundings – Unattended items--briefcases, pouches, etc. – Vehicles--actions, unusual characteristics, etc. • Remember/record details if suspicious. TSG Marianas
Questions? ? • This concludes the briefing. Does anyone have any questions? TSG Marianas
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