UN conventions and their role in the stimulation

UN conventions and their role in the stimulation of trade and transport, and elimination of administrative barriers in the Central Asian region Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, May 16, 2012 Alexander Zaboev Consultant © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Historical Great Silk Road Page 2 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Central Asia, Caspian Region and Middle East: Accession to the main UN agreements and conventions related to road transport Afghanistan 4 Armenia 9 Azerbaijan 15 Georgia 14 Iran 10 Kazakhstan 17 Kyrgyz Republic 11 Pakistan 3 Saudi Arabia 3 Syrian Arab Republic 6 Tajikistan 10 Turkey Turkmenistan 1 8 6 UAE 4 Uzbekistan 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 13 14 16 18 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries, AGR (1975) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries, AGR (1975) Main provisions -Defines the E road network consisting of numbered arteries channelling major international road traffic flows - Provides the infrastructure parameters to which those arteries should conform - Contracting Parties commit themselves to its implementation, including construction and upgrading of E-roads in their territories, under national plans - No deadlines for implementation © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Highway Network (2004) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Highway Network (2004) Main provisions -Defines the AH road network consisting of numbered arteries channelling major international road traffic flows in Asia -Provides the infrastructure parameters to which those arteries should conform - Contracting Parties commit themselves to its implementation, including construction and upgrading of AH-roads in their territories, under national plans - No deadlines for implementation © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on Road Traffic (1968) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on Road Traffic (1968) Objectives To facilitate international road traffic To increase road safety Through internationally agreed traffic rules and the reciprocal recognition of documents issued in conformity with those rules Key Provisions Binds Contracting Parties to admit vehicles and drives that fulfill the conditions General and specific rules for Drivers: At all times able to control their vehicle Must hold a driving permit, issued after tests Driving rules: speed, distance, overtaking, . . General rules for Vehicles Must be registered, Registration Certificate Distinguishing Sign of country of registration Recent Amendments: No Hand-held Mobile Phone while driving New information in Driving Permit © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on Road Signs and Signals (1968) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on Road Signs and Sign (1968) Objectives To facilitate international road traffic To increase road safety Through internationally agreed road traffic signs and signals Key Provisions Three Categories of Road Signs: Danger Warning, Regulatory, Informative Norms on shapes, dimensions, colours, visibility Norms on Traffic Light Signals, Road Markings Road Works and Level Crossings Signs © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

TIR Convention (1975) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

TIR Convention (1975) Objective - To facilitate the international carriage of goods by road vehicles/containers across borders - Through carefully designed border crossing procedures and an international guarantee chain Key Provisions - Secure, Approved vehicles or containers according to standards - International guarantee system for duties and tax - Mutual recognition of Customs controls - TIR Carnet: Customs and Guarantee document - Controlled access of operators - Electronic instruments: Safe. TIR, TIR-EPD, etc. © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Customs Convention on Temporary Importation of Commercial Road Vehicles (1956) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Customs Convention on Temporary Importation of Commercial Road Vehicles (1956) Objectives To facilitate temporary admission of commercial road vehicles registered in another country Through agreed procedures and in cooperation with road users associations Key Provisions Carnet de Passage en Douane International Customs document Guarantees vehicle taxes if vehicle not re-exported Procedures for temporary importation, including for claims if no re-exportation of the vehicle © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods (1982) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods (1982) Objectives To facilitate cross border transport of goods Through nationally coordinated, internationally harmonized, shorter, reduced formalities and controls on goods at borders Key Provisions Procedures for efficient border controls: Customs, Medico-Sanitary, Veterinary, Phytosanitary, Compliance with technical standards, …. (IVWC to follow) Coordination among various national services Cooperation and coordination between border services of adjacent countries, including: Joint controls, Harmonized opening hours, Same controls, … New Annex 8 (2008) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Good by Road, CMR (1956) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Good by Road, CMR (1956) Objectives To facilitate international road transport Through a commonly agreed transport contract, including contract document and liabilities Key Provisions Defines contract conditions and the document (The Consignment Note and information contained) Fixes carrier’s liability limits in case of total or partial loss of goods or delay The e-Consignment Note is under consideration © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Protocol to the Convention on the Contract for International Carriage of Goods by Road, CMR (1978) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Additional Protocol to CMR, e-CMR (2008) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road, ADR (1957) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road, ADR (1957) Objectives - To increase safety of international road transport - To ensure the highest possible safety in the transport of dangerous goods by road in economically sustainable conditions Key Provisions - Identifies dangerous goods admitted international transport (Explosives, Flammable, Radioactive, Toxic, Corrosive, …. ) - Defines conditions of transport (packagings, tanks, labels, documents, vehicles, training) - Dangerous goods/Vehicles in conformity to be accepted in all Contracting Parties -Parties may prohibit entry on their territory for reasons OTHER than safety during carriage Accession to both ADR and ADR Protocol-1993 is recommended © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Protocol of 1993 Amending Articles 1 (a), 14 (1) and 14 (3) of ADR (1993) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be used for such Carriage, ATP (1970) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be used for such Carriage, ATP (1970) Objectives To facilitate international transport of perishable foodstuffs To ensure a high level of preservation of quality of perishable foodstuffs during their carriage Key Provisions Harmonized and improved conditions for preservation of the quality of foods Temperature to be observed during the carriage Equipment used (refrigerating capacity, insulating capacity and efficiency of thermal appliances) Equipment must be certified Reciprocal Recognition of Certificates © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

European Agreement concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport, AETR (1970) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

European Agreement concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport, AETR (1970) Objectives Prevent professional drivers from driving excessive hours, thereby: • Preventing serious road accidents due to fatigue • Avoiding distortions in competition conditions Key Provisions Maximum driving period in 1 day& in a 2 -week period Minimum rest period after 6 consecutive days and rest period in each period of 24 hours On-board control device (tachograph) and provisions for construction, testing, installation and inspection Provisions for checking at roadside and at companies © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

Great Silk Road OASIS Page 29 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

www. iru. org Page 30 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012