Types of transport used in international trade

Types of transport used in international trade

Advantages -has broad international inter-continental links -its linear bandwidth that allows you to design and build heavy-duty vehicles (up to several hundred thousand tons) -transport by sea in international traffic carried on mainly long-range and long distances -low compared with other modes of transport costs Sea transport

Disadvantages -dependence on the geographical features and weather conditions (currents, winds, the length of the navigation period) -significant investment in port facilities and transportation fleet -With the loss of many major Russian sea ports and economic crisis of the past makes it difficult to expand the economy of the coastal industry, as well as replacement of decommissioned Navy. Sea transport

World fleet of container ships continues to grow steadily as the size of ships and port facilities infrastructure that go with modern cranes and capable of receiving large ships, increasing security requirements. Sea transport

According to analysts, the maritime transportation industry, as of August, in 2011 was transferred to shipowners 133 new vessels, resulting in the global commercial fleet for container ships has increased to 4, 900, and raised the bar for the number of containers up to 15 million units. Until the end of this year will be put into operation 659 container ships, which will increase the number of twenty-foot equivalent containers (TEUs) to 4. 5 million units. Sea transport

Cargo ships themselves are only part of the global shipping industry. Without proper equipment, for example - cranes, the potential of expensive and large vessels (the mean value of the vessel is about $ 200 million) can not be fully used, so the industry is the main time. Sea transport

The emergence of sufficiently large container with a capacity of more than 10 thousand containers changed the infrastructure of the maritime transport industry, as these vessels contributed to changes in container terminals, namely, the deepening of the berths and increase the height of the cranes. Ports and terminals are required to invest in high-tech achievements, in order to stay competitive not only at the global level of shipping, but also at regional level. Sea transport

Rail transport - mode of transport, performing transport of passengers and goods by rail in cars with the locomotive or railcar traction. Among all modes of transport in many countries a leading position is the railway, because of its versatility: the ability to serve all sectors of the economy and meet the needs of the population in the transportation of almost all climatic zones and in all seasons. Railway transport

The main advantages of rail transport: High carrying capacity; Efficiency of transport in bulk over long distances; Relatively high rates; Reliability and safety; Low transportation costs; Less impact on the environment than other modes of transport.

Disadvantages of railway transport limited number of carriers large capital investments in production and technical facilities high consumption of materials and energy transport low availability of the endpoints of sales (consumption) not sufficiently high safety of the cargo

Advantages to train request about free transport can carry almost anything ranging from perishable products to passenger traffic railway transport

Air transport - the fastest and at the same time the most expensive form of transport. The main use of air transport - passenger transport over distances of more than a thousand kilometers. It is also carried and freight, but their share is very low. Mainly by air transport perishable foods and high-value cargo and mail. In many remote areas (mountains, Far North), air transport, there is no alternative. In such cases, when no airfield landing site (eg, delivery of research groups in remote areas), not using airplanes and helicopters that do not need a runway. The big problem of modern aircraft - the noise produced by them during take-off, which greatly spoils the quality of life for residents located near the airport area. Air transport

Advantages Speed of delivery for a very long distance the service on flights now imeetprivlekatelny for tourists form aviation companies directly and through the international network of hotel reservation and travel agencies are paid a commission for each booked an airplane seat, thereby motivating them to choose air Air transport

high cost of delivery limited volume and weight of the consignment high dependence on weather conditions that affect the regularity of delivery Disadvantages of air transport

transport of perishable goods and big ticket items such as smatfony Air transport

Advantages Road transport is used for the carriage of goods by small distances, including those within a small country Machines in 95% of the cases is the possibility of delivery of goods from warehouse to warehouse With the truck can carry small quantities of goods with virtually no restricted minimum auto transport

Disadvantages Road transport is most vulnerable to theft, theft on the road - also not uncommon The relative cost of transportation becomes quite high auto transport

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