Two-Particle Azimuthal Correlation of Identified Particle in High-Energy

Two-Particle Azimuthal Correlation of Identified Particle in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC-PHENIX Shin. Ichi Esumi for the PHENIX collaboration Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba, Japan Contents • Jet-Suppression and Modification • Mach-cone and Ridge • Identified Particle Correlation • Correlation w. r. t. Reaction Plane SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 1

Use Jet as a probe of High-Energy and Density Matter Jet in p+p, d+Au or Peripheral Au+Au Collision as a Base Line Subtraction of Non-Correlated BG in Central Heavy-Ion Collisions dp + Au SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Au + Au Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 2

Jet suppression modification with 2 -particle correlation jet p RHIC 200 Ge. V Au p RHIC 62 Ge. V Au SPS 17 Ge. V PHENIX nucl-ex/0611019 S. Kniege, ISMD 2007 SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 3

Transverse Momentum (Trigger, Associate) Dependence of Jet Shape ar. Xiv: 0801. 4545 Suppression in both near/away side peak at high p. T Enhancement in near side peak at low p. T Development of away side shoulder at low p. T SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 No p. T dependence of shoulder peak position Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 4

3 -particle correlation “ 12 vs 13” jet *=0 d+Au Collisions p q*=p Deflected Jets p Au Au Cone like Jets PHENIX Preliminary ( 1 - 2)/2 PHENIX Preliminary Au+Au Central 0 -12% Both measurements prefer Mach-cone scenario. Cone angle (radians) No p. T dependence, too. STAR Preliminary SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 ( 1 - 2)/2 p. T (Ge. V/c) Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 5

d+Au, 200 Ge. V Au+Au, 200 Ge. V STAR QM 06 “jet” e dg Ri ( ra d) p+p, peripheral Au+Au SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 central Au+Au h PHENIX QM 08 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 6

Centrality Dependence of Ridge and Shoulder Yield and QM 08 PHENIX Both ridge and shoulder yields increase linearly with Npart. Similar (flat) centrality dependence on inverse slope parameter for both ridge and shoulder. Jet (p+p) like p. T shape is harder than ridge, ridge is harder than shoulder, shoulder is similar to inclusive. SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 7

TInclusive ~ TShoulder ~ TRidge < TJet < < STAR Preliminary QM 06 inclusive ridge jet QM 08 Both ridge and shoulder are almost independent with centrality and trigger p. T selections. It’s just like a bulk matter… suspicious on BG(bulk) subtraction… but this is what we see… SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 8

data - fit (except same-side peak) 46 -55% 0 -5% STAR Preliminary Prelim STAR Preliminary 83 -94% STAR inary idth w Prelim 55 -65% ηΔ ST inary relim AR P Large change within ~10% centrality Shape changes little from peripheral to the transition Peak η Width 200 Ge. V 62 Ge. V binary scaling assumption in Kharzeev and Nardi model Smaller change from transition to most central Peak φ Width Extracted 2 -D near-side Gaussian parameters are shown. The strong width change vs centrality should have a relation to the ridge formation. Peak Amplitude QM 08 STAR longitudinal ( density correlation length HIJING 1. 382 default 200 Ge. V, quench off SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Centrality Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 9

Hadron trigger with identified associate Baryon/Meson ar. Xiv: 0712. 3033 Near/Away-side B/M ratio increases in central Away-side B/M ratios approach inclusive values Incompatible with in-vacuum fragmentation SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 10

Identified 0 trigger with associate hadron QM 08 PHENIX 7 -9 (X) 1 -2 0 -20% 7 -9 (X) 4 -5 0 -20% PHENIX preliminary 7 -9 (X) 4 -5 60 -90% 7 -9 (X) 4 -5 40 -60% 7 -9 (X) 4 -5 20 -40% 7 -9 (X) 6 -8 40 -60% Width does not change with centrality similar to charged hadron triggered case. SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 11

QM 08 PHENIX Direct trigger with associate hadron Per-Trigger Yield (A. U. ) 1/Ntrig d. N/d (A. U. ) Run 7 Au+Au @ 200 Ge. V, cent=0~20%, preliminary p. T, photon Ge. V Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi Need more studies and statistics for Au+Au case. Run 4/5 p+p/Au+Au @ 200 Ge. V 0 SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 p+p: Consistent with trigger photon carrying the full jet energy, away side jets are similar between 0 and triggers. Run 6 p+p @ 200 Ge. V 12

Jet modification and geometry (and v 2) QM 04: STAR QM 08: STAR, PHENIX STAR 3

v 2 Shoulder (cone) Head ( ) Ridge v 2 Jet Shoulder (cone) Au+Au, 200 Ge. V Ridge/Cone and geometry (v 2) STAR e dg Ri ( ra Ridge shape depends on R. P. angle. Ridge is a source of of v 2 “jet” h d) Jet does not depends on it Jet reduces v 2 QM 08 STAR Ridge 3

In order to study the jet modification (mach-cone, ridge) and it’s relation with almond geometry in more detail… y (1) y associate particle direction at same | | w. r. t. red dashed line but with different arrow length - (4) (3) (2) (3) > < (4) (1) > x(R. P. ) (2) Trigger particle associate particle direction at same | | w. r. t. trigger particle but with different arrow length SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 < x(R. P. ) (2) Trigger particle ASSO. - TRIG. with and without R. P. aligned event mixing Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 15

The PHENIX Collaboration 14 Countries 69 Institutions Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP 05315 -970, Brazil Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), Beijing, People's Republic of China Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China Charles University, Ovocnytrh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P. O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN 2 P 3, Route de Saclay, F-91128, Palaiseau, France Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN 2 P 3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN 2 P 3, BP 1, F-91406, Orsay, France SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN 2 P 3, Université de Nantes) BP 20722 - 44307, Nantes, France Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H - 1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA KFKI RMKI), H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7 -3 -1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113 -0033, Japan Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739 -8526, Japan KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 -0801, Japan Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX 79699, U. S. Kyoto University, Kyoto 606 -8502, Japan Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851 -0193, Japan 5000, U. S. RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama 351 -0198, Japan Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 -5000, U. S. Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3 -34 -1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171 -8501, Japan University of California - Riverside, CA 92521, U. S. Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152 -8551, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, U. S. Japan Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, NY 10533, Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan U. S. Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, U. S. Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162 -0044, Japan Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, U. S. Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, U. S. Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120 -750, Korea University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, U. S. KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul, South Korea Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U. S. Kangnung National University, Kangnung 210 -702, South Korea Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, U. S. Korea University, Seoul, 136 -701, Korea Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, U. S. Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449 -728, Korea University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U. S. System Electronics Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 -9337, U. S. Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120 -749, Korea Muhlenberg College, Allentown, PA 18104 -5586, U. S. IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U. S. Protvino, 142281, Russia New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, U. S. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, U. S. Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 -5000, PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region, 188300, Russia U. S. Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, SUNY, NY 11794 -3400, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorob'evy Gory, U. S. Moscow 119992, Russia Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, NY Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden 11794, U. S. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, U. S. Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, U. S. Summary and Conclusion • 2 - and 3 - particle correlation and transverse momentum dependence of jet-modification tells us that it is likely a mach-cone. • Mach-cone and ridge are almost as soft as inclusive particles. • Identified particle (baryon, meson, 0, ) correlation measurements in PHENIX • Mach-cone and ridge w. r. t. reaction plane angle tells us that this is a part of v 2 SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 16

Extra and Back-up Slides SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 17

System Size and Beam Energy Dependence of Jet Shape nucl-ex/0611019 No energy dependence (62 ~ 200 Ge. V) Rapid change between Npart = 0 ~ 100 Almost no change above Npart > 100 SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 18

Identified Baryon/Meson trigger with associate hadron PRC 71 051902 2. 4

ave (1)~(8) (7) Pure Flow Simulation (6) (5) R. P. (4) with R. P. aligned event mixing without R. P. aligned event mixing with trigger angle selection w. r. t. R. P. with/without R. P. aligned event mixing (3) (1) ave (1), (8) (2) ave (2), (7) ave (3), (6) ave (4), (5) (1) (8) (2) (7) (3) (6) (4) (5) SQM 08 Tsinghua Univ. , Beijing, China, 9/Oct/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, Shin. Ichi Esumi 20