TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ National Metrology Institute of

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) UME & IBDR PROJECT Dr. Turhan Çoban Assistant Director UME TÜBİTAK UME P. 0. Box 54, 41470, Gebze - KOCAELİ Phone: +90 262 679 5013 Faks: +90 262 679 5014 E-mail : turhan. coban@ume. tubitak. gov. tr http: // www. ume. tubitak. gov. tr

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Metrology in Brief: • One of the most significant factors in production and quality control is the reliability of measurements • In order to ensure reliable measurements a meter convention is signed by 17 nations in 1875 and BIPM (Bureau International des Poids at Measures) is established by the meter convention. • Today the meter convention is a diplomatic treaty (mutual recognition arrangement) between 48 nations with the aim of providing the basis for a single, coherent system of measurements • Almost all developed and developing countries have a national metrology institute. These laboratories working together and with BIPM ensure correct and uniform measurements with the rest of the world.

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) International Metrology System (Scientific Metrology) Meter Convention (1875) Conférence générale des poids et mesures (CGPM) Consist of delegates of member countries, meet in every 4 year Comité international des poids et mesures (CIPM) Comités Consultatifs (CC) Technical Commitees Work as consultant to CIPM, each govened by one of the CIPM member. Consist of national laboratory experts and scientists Diplomatic Treaty Member country governments International Organisations Consist of 18 members selected by CGPM. Works on BIPM and metre convention related busineses. meets once a year National Laboratories Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) International metrology center in Sevre (France) with about 70 personnel coming from member countries.

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Calibration , Traceability and Mutual Recognition Aggreement: • Calibration is measurement of differences between actual measurements and true value of a measurement device • Traceability is a chain system of calibrations with more accurate device in each level of measurements. In national metrology institute level they compare their calibrations with each other and ensure the correct measurements in the world level • On 14 October 1999, national metrology institutes of 38 countries (including Turkey) that are part of the Meter Convention have signed a Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA) that aims at the degree of equivalence of the national measurement standards and the mutual recognition of the calibration certificates issued by the signatories.

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Duties of National Metrology Institutes: • National Metrology Institutes are to establish and maintain national standards for all measurements carried out within that country and to calibrate the measurement standards and devices of lower level laboratories. • All measurements of metrology institutes are traceable to the national standards. • National standards are linked to the standards in other countries or those of BIPM by a process of international comparisons. • National centers with the secondary level accredited laboratories form the national measurement system and coordinate their activities. • The national center proves its proficiency via comparisons with other national metrology institutes and BIPM.

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) UME in Brief: • Established in Janaury 1992 • An institute of TÜBİTAK (The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey) • Satisfies app. 60% of the national need in terms of type of measurements done • Contributes about 470 million USD per year to National Economy • 12, 000 m 2 lab area with total of 120 laboratories • Lab temperatures (20, 21, 23)+/- 0. 5 C with max. allowable drift per day (0. 1, 0. 2 , 0. 5 C), Relative humidity 45+/- 10% • Floating floors, mostly underground, sysmic masses for all accurate measurements

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) UME in Brief: Human Resources : • 200 People with an avarage of 32 • 125 Scientists and Engineers • 38 Technical Support Personnel • 37 Administrative Staff 2002 Statistics : • Budget 16 Million USD • Income generated due to services 13% • Government Subsidy 87% ( Foreign loans 37% National Budget 50%)

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Institutional Capability : • Calibration. Mesurements > 4000 per year • Publications in International Journals > 20 per year • Number of Regular Customers (Calibrations) > 500 • International Comparisons > 25 per year • Activity in Technical Commities (CC of CIPM) > 35 per year

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) AREAS OF WORK ELECTRICAL GROUP • AC, DC Voltage and Current • AC, DC Resistance and Shunt • AC, DC Electrical Conductivity • Capacitance, Inductance, Impedance, Inductive Voltage Divider • Electrical Power, Energy and Phase Angle • RF and Microwave Power, Attenuation, S-Parameters • Electrical Noise

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) DC Voltage and Current Section , Josephson Voltage Standard System

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Electrical Impedance Lab, Primary Level Inductive Voltage Divider Calibration System

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) AREAS OF WORK PHYSICS GROUP • Acoustics, Vibration, Ultrasonic Measurements • Temperature, Radiation Temperature (Pyrometry), Humidity • Time, Frequency and Wavelength Standards • Electromagnetic Radiation (including EMI/EMC measurements) • Photometry and Radiometry, Spectrometry, Color Measurements • Magnetic Measurements • Dosimetry, air-kerma in Gamma and x-rays, radioactivity (under dev. )

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Electromagnetic Radiation (including EMI/EMC measurements)

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Acoustics, Full Anechoic Room with 50 Hz Cut-off Frequency

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) • Vibration Measurements, Absolute Calibration of Accelerometers by Laser Interferometry

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Optics Lab, Luminous Flux Measurement System

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Magnetics Lab, Magneto-optic Imaging System

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Temperature Lab, General View from Contact Temperature Section

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Radiation Temperature Lab, Characterization of UME Made Pyrometer

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Frequency Lab, He-Ne/CH 4 Transportable Optical Frequency Standard (3, 39 μm)

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Electromagnetic Radiation Lab, 10 m Fully Anechoic Chamber for EMC tests

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) AREAS OF WORK MECHANICAL GROUP • Mass • Volume and Density • Viscosity • Gas flow, Liquid Flow (Water, air gases and multiphase fluids) • Pressure, Vacuum • Force, Torque, Hardness • Dimension group (Gauge blocks, Angle, surface roughness, form and universal measurements, CMMLase interferometer applications)

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Liquid Flow Laboratory

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Dimension group , Gauge Block Interferometer

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Torque Laboratory, UME designed primary torque system

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Force Laboratory, UME Force Standard Machine

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Vacuum Laboratory, Primary Multi-Stage Static Expansion System

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Mass Laboratory, Calibration of Mass Standard

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) AREAS OF WORK CHEMİCAL GROUP • PH measurements • Ionic Conductivity • Gas Mixtures • Chemical Analysis and Reference Material Certification

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Chemistry labs

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) AREAS OF WORK INFRASTRUCTURE • Electronics Workshop • Mechanical Workshop • Optical Workshop (under development) • Carpentary Workshop • Liquid Nitrogen, Liquid Helium Production Facility

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) IBRD Technology projects in Turkey TDP (Technology Development Project) 1992 -1997 Metrology (UME) Standardization (TSE) Testing (TSE) Certification (TSE) ITP (Industrial Technology Project) 1997 -2004 Metrology (UME) Testing (UME) Registrations and Patents (TPE)

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) ITP (Industrial Technology Project) Budget : Goods 30, 438, 274 USD (Machinery – Equipment) Works 10, 820, 000 USD (New Metrology Building) Consultants , services and Training 3, 886, 755 USD Total : 45, 145, 029 USD TDP (Technology Development Project) Budget : Goods 11, 146, 227 USD (Machinery – Equipment) Consultants , services and training 983, 155 USD Total : 12, 129, 382 USD

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Understanding and philosophy of UME in 1992 Measurements Systems of Turkey should be compatible to the International and Regional (European) Systems UME must operate along the lines of well established metrology institutes UME should be an important part of the International Metrology System UME should be able to sign recognition agreements In 15 years UME should close the gap of 100 years and IBRD projects are the main tools to establish this goal

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Challenges UME has to face during the development period Measurement science and technology (metrology) should be well ahead of other branches of science and technology. A metrology institute should be able to calibrate any equipment the customer has. In order to do that, metrology institutes should have better measurement systems and techniques compared to their customers. What happens if the customer has the state of the art measurement system the money can buy (frequently the case) ? Then metrology institutes must develop their own measurement equipment and techniques that are better than any commercial system. This requires rather advance research, wide cooperation among similar institutes and is very costly.

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Advantages of Using IBRD Funds Structured Decision Making Well established and long term rules Centralized information/advise point Secured and planned funding Low indirect and real costs Disadvantages of Using IBRD Funds Generalized rules, in some cases not enough flexibility Replacement of key IBRD staff during the life-time of the Project High direct and apparent costs

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Problems Encountered IBRD Not enough flexibility in some cases Borrower (Turkish Government) Coordination between Treasury and State Planning Office. Compatibility of IBRD and local rules. Providing the necessary inputs for the Project such as Counterfunding Staffing Implementing Agency (TUBITAK/UME) Adoptation to mostly strict rules (not to be able to understand the logic behind the rules). Inability to solve procurement related problems in a short time. Preparation of technical specifications for procurement.

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Suggested Solutions • Splitting the Implementation Rules as General and Project Specific Rules • Assigning an organizational advisor to act as an arbitrator with a similar role of Engineer in the construction projects • General Rules are fixed throughout the Project • Project Specific Rules can be modified by the suggestion of the Advisor and acceptance of IBRD and the Implementing Agency

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) Main Progress of UME (1992 -2006) UME has started with 12 people and 200, 000 USD worth of equipment in 1992. In that year total income from industrial services was 12, 000 USD and UME could handle only 1% of the calibration requests With two IBRD Projects at the end of 2003, UME had 190 people, 1, 600, 000 USD industrial income and could handle 80% of calibration requirements of Turkish Industry At the end of 2006, UME plans to have 300 people, 3, 000 USD industrial income and will be able to handle 95% of calibration needs of the industry.

TÜBİTAK ULUSAL METROLOJİ ENSTİTÜSÜ (National Metrology Institute of Turkey) UME as now and in the Future : UME has established its goal for now, thanks two IBDR projects Now UME has fulfilled all the targets set in 1992 in 10 years, rather than initially anticipated 15 years, more ambitious targets can be set: In 10 years UME should become one of the major metrology institutes in the world and in the region helping for a larger share of Turkish exports. UME should have a very important role in Turkey for the usage of sophisticated measurements and techniques for the scientific and technological development of the country. UME should provide the necessary know-how to the industry for more efficient, profitable and reliable production.