Скачать презентацию Tribute from Ugarit to Hatti late 14
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Скачать презентацию Tribute from Ugarit to Hatti late 14
Скачать презентацию Tribute from Ugarit to Hatti late 14
Tribute from Ugarit to Hatti – late 14 th century ‘Your tribute to my sun, the Great King, your lord, is 20 shekels of gold, a golden beaker, 4 linen robes, a great linen dress, 500 shekels blue purple wool, 500 shekels red purple wool for my sun, the Great King, his lord A golden beaker of 30 shekel weight, a linen robe, 100 shekel blue purple wool, 100 shekel red purple wool for the queen A gold beaker of 30 shekel weight, a linen robe, 100 shekel blue purple wool, 100 shekel red purple wool for the crown prince A silver beaker of 30 shekel weight, a linen robe, 100 shekel blue purple wool, 100 shekel red purple wool for the chief scribe…. . ’
Carchemish to Ugarit ‘Everything that the daughter of Benteshina, king of Amurru, obtained in Ugarit – silver, gold, copper, bronze objects, presents received from visitors, gifts or bakshish, slaves, slave-women, garments of wool or linen – all of it belongs to Ammishtamru, king of Ugarit. In future the daughter of Benteshina, king of Amurru, may not lay claim to these things against Ammishtamru. But if she does try to make a claim, this tablet shall contradict her. ’
The king of Amurru replies to Ugarit: Thus spoke Shaushgamuwa, son of Benteshina: ‘See the daughter of the Great Lady, your wife, who committed against you a great sin: how long must I continue to guard this criminal? So now, take the daughter of the Great Lady and do with her as you think fit: if you want, kill her, or if you want, throw her in the sea: but do with the daughter of the Great Lady as you want. ’
Letter from a Prince of Byblos to Akhenaten (14 th cent) See, there is no mayor’s residence that can compare with that at Tyre. It is like the residence at Ugarit. Extraordinarily large are the riches there.
Spoils from the battle at Megiddo (Karnak): Now the princes of this foreign country came on their bellies to kiss the ground and to beg breath for their nostrils…and they brought……one fine bronze coat of mail belonging to the prince of Megiddo. Leather coats of mail belonging to his miserable army: 200. Bows: 502. Poles of wood worked with silver from the tent of the enemy: 7……bowls of costly stone and gold and various vessels…. gold in discs skillfully crafted…. a silver statue with a head of gold…carrying chairs of ivory, ebony and sandalwood worked with gold…. one bed of sandalwood worked with gold and costly stones. . a statue of ebony worked with gold with a head of lapis lazuli…. . bronze vessels and much clothing…
Byblos to Amarna May the Mistress of Gubla grant power to my lord. At the feet of my lord, I fall down seven times and seven times. Let the king, my lord, know that Gubla, your handmaid from ancient times, is well. However, the war of the 'Apiru against me is severe. (Our) sons (and) daughters are gone, (as well as) the furnishings of the houses, because they have been sold in Yarimuta to keep us alive. My field is "a wife without a husband, " lacking in cultivation. I have repeatedly written to the palace regarding the distress afflicting me, . . but no one has paid attention to the words that keep arriving. Let the king heed the words of his servant. . .
Byblos to Amarna I set out for Hammuniri of Beirut and in the meantime a brother of mine, younger than me, conspired against me at Gubla to deliver the city to the sons of Abdi-Ashirta. When my brother saw that my messenger had returned empty(handed) and that there were no occupation troops with him, he despised me and thus he committed a crime, and he expelled me from the city. May the king, my Lord, not hold back (before) the actions of this dog. Now I cannot enter the land of Egypt; I am old and I (suffer of) a serious disease in my own flesh. May the king, my Lord, know, that the gods of Gubla are angered and the disease has become chronic, although I have confessed my sin to the gods. Therefore I have not appeared before the king, my Lord. Now then, I have sent my son, servant of the king, my Lord, to the king, my Lord. May the king, my Lord, listen to the words of his servant and may the king, my Lord, give troops of archers to conquer the city of Gubla in order that enemy troops not enter her …
Amarna and the governor of Megiddo To Pharaoh My Lord, My Sun! Your servant renews his oath of loyalty to Pharaoh by bowing to his feet seven times. Pharaoh should know that since he recalled his archers to Egypt, Labayu, Governor of Shechem, has not stopped raiding my territory. We cannot shear our sheep, nor even leave the city for fear of Labayu’s soldiers. Because you have not replaced the archers, Labayu is now strong enough to attack the city of Megiddo itself. If Pharaoh does not see fit to reinforce the city, Labayu will capture it. The people of Megiddo are already suffering from hunger and disease. I beg Pharaoh to send one hundred soldiers to protect Megiddo from Labayu or he will certainly capture the city.
Response from Labayu of Shechem To Pharaoh, my Lord, my Sun! Your servant, who is less than the dust under your feet, renews his oath of loyalty to Pharaoh by bowing seven times. I have received Pharaoh’s letter. Your fears are unfounded. I am far too insignificant to be a threat to my Pharaoh’s lands. I am and always have been a faithful servant of Pharaoh. The proof that I am neither a criminal nor a rebel can be seen in my regular payment of tribute and my willingness to obey all of the commands of your provincial governor. Despite the fact that wicked lies have been spoken against me, my lord Pharaoh has not taken the time to look personally into my case. The only crime that can be charged against me is that I invaded Gezer. This is based, however, on the Pharaoh’s confiscation of my own lands. Milkilu has committed even worse offences than I have and no move has been made to take his possessions. On another occasion, Pharaoh wrote me concerning my son. I had no idea that he was consorting with the Apiru! I have since handed him over to Addaya. Even if my lord wrote concerning my wife, I would not withhold her. I would not even refuse to obey Pharaoh’s command to thrust a bronze dagger into my heart!
Stele of Seti 1 Year 1, 3 rd month of the third season, day 10. Long live the Horus; Mighty Bull; Appearing in Thebes, Making the Two Lands to live, Mighty of arm, the Horus of Gold, Mighty of Bows in all lands, King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Lord of the Two Lands, Men Maat Re, son of Re, Lord of Diadems, beloved of Re-Horakty…. . He causes to retreat all the princes of Syria, whose boastfulness was so great. On this day one spoke to his majesty as follows: “The miserable enemy who is in the town of Hamath (nr. Qatna) is gathering many people while he is seizing the town of Beth Shan (s. of Galilee). Then there will be an alliance with the people of Pahel. ” Thereupon his majesty sent the first army of Amun to Hamath and the first army of Re to Beth Shan and the first Army of Seth to Yanoam. In the space of a day they were overthrown to the glory of his majesty, the King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Men Maat Re, Son of Re, Seti Merneptah, given life forever.
Report of an Egyptian official from the frontier with the Levant (late D. 19) I have carried out every commission laid on me. I have not been lax. We have finished letting the Bedouin tribes of Edom pass the Fortress of Merneptah which is in Tjeku to the Pools of Per-Atum, to keep them alive and to keep their cattle alive, through the great ka of Pharaoh – life, prosperity, health!- the good sun of every land. . I have had a copy of the report brought to the place where my lord is, as well as the other names of days when the Fortress of Merneptah may be passed….
Stele of Merneptah, Doc. 7. 2 (c. 1212 -1202) Now that Libya has come to ruin, Hatti is pacified. The Canaan has been plundered into every sort of grief. Ashkelon has been overcome; Gezer has been captured; Yanoam is made non-existent; Israel is laid waste; his seed is not; Kahura has become a widow because of Egypt
Famine in Egypt (2 nd cent. B. C. E. ) Year 18 of the Horus: Djoser, and under the controller, mayor, royal acquaintance and overseer of the Nubians, Madir. To let you know. I was in distress, and those who were in the palace were afflicted in their hearts with a great evil, since the Nile had not in my time flooded for a space of seven years. Grain was scant, fruits were dried up, and everything which they eat was short. Every man robbed his companion. The infant was crying. . the youth was waiting, the hearts of the old men were in sorrow, the courtiers were in need, the temples shut up, the sanctuaries held nothing but air. Everything was found empty.
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