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Translation Ranking Lecture 7 Translation Ranking Lecture 7

Overview • • • Translation ranks Adequate translation means Application of translation theories Priorities Overview • • • Translation ranks Adequate translation means Application of translation theories Priorities in training translators Meaning, equivalence and extra linguistic information

Translation Ranks Translation can involve different ranks: rather simple substitutions or relatively sophisticated linguistic Translation Ranks Translation can involve different ranks: rather simple substitutions or relatively sophisticated linguistic analysis Several attempts – to develop a translation theory/approach based on different ranks of translation

Translation Equivalence Level Introduced by V. Komissarov: “Theory of Translation Equivalence Level” Translation Process Translation Equivalence Level Introduced by V. Komissarov: “Theory of Translation Equivalence Level” Translation Process interlanguage transformations conceptual interrelations Y. Retsker Translation process Irregular correspondences

Translation – Multilevel Process J. Firth, J. Catford Complex of linguistic and extra linguistic Translation – Multilevel Process J. Firth, J. Catford Complex of linguistic and extra linguistic information “Total” translation and “Restricted” translation Total translation – all levels of the source text are replaced by those of the target text / restricted translation – the substitution occurs at only one level.

Translation Theories • The transformational there are certain regular syntactic, morphological, and word building Translation Theories • The transformational there are certain regular syntactic, morphological, and word building structures which may be successfully matched with their analogies in another language during translation. • The denotative approach in the process of translation links between the forms of different languages are established via conceptual equivalence. • The communicational approach the matching of thesauruses.

Translator’s education Linguistic knowledge Knowledgeable specialist proved significance of extralinguistic information Translator’s education Linguistic knowledge Knowledgeable specialist proved significance of extralinguistic information

Summing up Main components of above mentioned theories: • meaning • Equivalence • Extralinguistic Summing up Main components of above mentioned theories: • meaning • Equivalence • Extralinguistic information You can: • match individual words and combinations of the two languages directly (trans formationalapproach) • understand the content of the source message and render it using the formal means of the target language (denotative approach) • with due regard of the translation recipient and background information (communicational approach).

Summing up Translation Type Translation Method Priorities Oral Consecutive Denotative, Communicational Oral Simultaneous Transformational, Summing up Translation Type Translation Method Priorities Oral Consecutive Denotative, Communicational Oral Simultaneous Transformational, Communicational Written (general & technical) Transformational Written (fiction & poetry) Denotative