TRANSFERRING CONNOTATIVE AND DENOTATIVE MEANING OF PHRASEOLOGICAL EXPRESSIONS

TRANSFERRING CONNOTATIVE AND DENOTATIVE MEANING OF PHRASEOLOGICAL EXPRESSIONS IN TRANSLATION OF WORKS OF ENGLISH AND AMERICAN WRITERS

The topicallity how to make faithful translation of idiomatic expressions and not to lose their expressiveness and picturesqueness, to keep their lexical meaning.

The aim founding methods and ways of preserving connotative and denotative meaning of idiomatic or phraseological expressions in translation of works of English and American writers.

The tasks to study the state of the idiomatic or phraseological expressions translation ; to determine the origin of idiomatic or phraseological expressions; to discover difference between absolute/complete equivalents, near equivalents, genuine idiomatic analogies, approximate analogies; to investigate and make systematization of ways of rendering of idiomatic or phraseological expressions

The object the phraseologisms, idioms and set expressions

The subject ways of transferring meaning and expressiveness of phraseological expressions in translation of works of English and American writers.

The ways of translation Translation By Choosing Absolute/Complete Equivalents; Translation of Idioms by Choosing Near Equivalents; Translation by Choosing Genuine Idiomatic Analogies; Translating Idioms by Choosing Approximate Analogies; Descriptive Translating of Idiomatic and Set Expressions

Bibleisms The apple of Sodom - красивий, але гнилий плід; оманливий успіх (Translating Idioms by Choosing Approximate Analogies) The blind leading the blind - сліпий веде сліпого (Translation By Choosing Absolute/Complete Equivalents) Can the leopard change his spots? - Горбатого могила виправить (Translation by Choosing Genuine Idiomatic Analogies)

Shakespeareisms «Macbeth» The milk of human kindness - «Бальзам добродушності» (ірон. ), співчуття, людяність Translating Idioms by Choosing Approximate Analogies «Hamlet» To be or not to be? - бути чи не бути? Translation By Choosing Absolute/Complete Equivalents; «Othello» The green-eyed monster - ревнощі Descriptive Translating of Idiomatic and Set Expressions

Phraseological units in works of English writers Walter Scott: To catch smb. red-handed ( «Ivanhoe» ) - застати кого-небудь на місці злочину, захопити кого-небудь на місці злочину Translating Idioms by Choosing Approximate Analogies D. Defoe: man Friday - П'ятниця; вірний відданий слуга ( «Robinson Crusoe» ) Descriptive Translating of Idiomatic and Set Expressions

Phraseological units in works of English writers J. G. Byron: (as) merry as a marriage - bell - дуже веселий, життєрадісний, повний життя ( «Childe Harold 's Pilgrimage» ). Descriptive Translating of Idiomatic and Set Expressions R. Kipling: the tail wags the dog - підлеглий командує начальником ( «The Conundrum of the Workshops» ). Translation of Idioms by Choosing Near Equivalents;

Borrowed phraseologisms in works of American writers F. Cooper: bury the hatchet - укласти мир, помиритися, припинити ворожнечу ; dig up the hatchet - розпочати війну ( «The Last of the Mohicans » ) Translating Idioms by Choosing Approximate Analogies; J. London: the call of the wild (“White Fang”)- «заклик предків» , «поклик природи» Translation of Idioms by Choosing Near Equivalents M. Mitchell : gone with the wind - безслідно зник, канули в минуле ( «Gone With the Wind» ) Translating Idioms by Choosing Approximate Analogies;

Results The choice of the way of translation is predetermined by the source language context or by the existence/absence of contextual equivalents for the idiomatic/stable oppression in the target language. The ways of faithful rendering the idiomatic/phraselogical expressions are identified: by choosing absolute/complete equivalents; translation of idioms by choosing near equivalents; translation by choosing genuine idiomatic analogies; translating idioms by choosing approximate analogies; descriptive translating of idiomatic and set expressions. Many phrases in English and American writers’ work became idiomatic/phraselogical expressions and made English language more colourful and expressive.