TOPIC 3 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT

TOPIC 3 : OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT

COURSE CONTENT 3. 1 UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPTS OF SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT 3. 2 UNDERSTAND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE 3. 3 UNDERSTAND THE ROLES OF THE MANAGEMENT 3. 4 UNDERSTAND THE SAFETY TRAINING SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

TOPIC 3. 1 CONCEPTS OF SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT

• A Safety and Health Management System can be defined as ‘the means by which an organisation controls risk through the management process’. The BSI define a OH&S management system as ‘part of the overall management system that facilities the management of the OH&S risks associated with the business of the organisation. This includes the organisational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing and achieving, reviewing and maintaining the organisation’s OH&S policy. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

• Health and safety objectives are a major part of a management system and are defined as “the goals in terms of H&S performance that an organisation sets itself to achieve and should be quantified wherever practicable”. • OH&S Objectives should be set annually. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Examples of types of an OH&S objective include: • The introduction of additional features into the OH&S management system (e. g. permit to work systems for specific tasks, strategic OH&S safety training for supervisors etc. ) • The improvement of existing features, or the constancy of their application across the organisation (e. g. accident reporting, communication of standard procedures etc. ). • The elimination or the reduction in frequency of particular undesired incidents (e. g. reduce accidents by 20%, remove all hazardous material etc. ) SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

TOPIC 3. 2 SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

DO WE REALLY NEED A SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE ? SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

YES ! • SAFETY & HEALTH § A great concern to company § A greater concern to the employees • SO …. Employees should share in the work of ACCIDENT PREVENTION…. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

WHY SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE ESSENTIAL ? • Management give their best effort to correct unsafe condition/practices but employees in a good position to observe the HAZARDS • An important source of help would be overlooked if employee Safety & Health committee were not included in the organisation SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Objectives of OSHA 1994 þ to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risks out of the activities at work; þ to protect person at a place of work other than persons at work against risks out of the activities at work; þ to promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is adapted to their physiological and psychological needs þ to provide the means to be progressively replaced by a system of regulations and approved industry codes…. . to maintain or improve the standards of safety and health. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

OSHA 1994 Ü Spirit of OSHA 1994 þ “Self Regulation” þ Workers Cooperation & Consultation þ All economic activities except shipping and armed forces Ü Guiding principles þ Responsibilities for OSH lies with those WHO CREATE THE RISK and those WHO WORK WITH THE RISK þ Concept of so far as is REASONABLE/ PRACTICABLE SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Every employer shall establish a Safety & Health Committee (SHC) at the place of work in accordance with this section if : • 40 or more persons employed at the place of work or • The Director General directs the establishment of such a committee at the place of work SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

OBJECTIVES OF SHC Ü To fulfil the requirement of OSHA 1994 Ü To promote consultation and cooperation between management and workers in upgrading safety & health at work Ü To provide a two-way communication channel or dissemination of information on safety & health issues Ü To enhance interest and motivation of all groups of management and workers at place of work in safety & health. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

CHAIRMAN SECRETARY MANAGEMENT REPRESENTATIVES WORKERS REPRESENTATIVES SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

(con’t) Ü Chairman : Employer or his authorised manager Ü Secretary : Safety & Health Officer Ü Management Representatives: Manager/Director/Supervisors Ü Workers Representatives: From section or process SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Appointment ò Chairman § Employer or Authorised Manager shall be chairman. ò Secretary § Person employed as Safety & Health Officer § If no SHO, chairman may appoint another person § or SHC may appoint by ballots ( sulit ) from members. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Appointment ò Management Representatives : § Appointed by Employer § Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees ) § Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees ) ò Workers Representatives : § § Selected by workers Appointed by employer Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees ) Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees ) SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Appointment òEmployees Representatives § § § Nominated from employees If number exceeded the vacancies…. ballot If no representatives, employer shall appoint Shall represent various section of work place Any vacancy shall be replaced in the same manner as the previous member. § Do not penalise workers who absent due to their duties as SHC members SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Removal of Committee member Ü Fail to attend 3 consecutive meetings Ü Unsound mind Ü Bankrupt Ü No longer employed (employee rep) Ü Convicted on a charge of: § Fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude § offence under law relating to OSH § Other criminal offence Ü Incapable to carry duty as member SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Part III ( OSHA 1994 ) þ Assist in development of Safety & Health rules and safe system of work þ Review the effectiveness of Safety & Health Programmes þ To investigate any safety & health matter brought to attention of employer. þ Review Safety & Health policies and recommend to employer for revision of such policies. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

þ Assist in development of rules and systems þ Assist in development and review of safety & health programmes þ Perform analysis of incident trends and statistics þ Review and recommend amendments to safety & health policies. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

þ Perform inspections at work place and recommend measures preventive and corrective þ Perform immediate investigation of accidents, near-miss accident, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning or occupational diseases occurred at workplace. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

• Investigates complaints of unsafe or unhealthy practices and report to employer with recommendations for corrective actions. • Assists in the development of promotional and education programmes • Discusses reports and matters from the safety officer, enforcement officer, etc • Advises the employer on safety and health matters SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

INSPECTION OF WORKPLACE N Inspect at least once in every three months N Discuss the observation of the members during inspection N Record the details of such circumstances in a report kept for such purpose N Make recommendations to the employer on the remedial measures to be taken on any matter. N Record the recommendations in the report SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Investigation into any accident (According to SHC Regulation) • To inspect the place of work as soon as it is safe to do so. • SHO shall furnish the chairman of committee with a report of his findings. • Chairman shall as soon as practicable (ASAP) convene a meeting of the committee to discuss the report. • If no SHO, employer or authorised manager shall inform the chairman or the secretary. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Investigating an accident • Chairman/secretary shall ASAP after the committee has inspected the place of work convene a meeting to investigate into such incident. • In the meeting, the committee shall discuss the cause of accident…. And make recommendations to the employer to prevent the reoccurrence of such incident SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Investigating an accident N SHO or Chairman ( if no SHO ) shall furnish the employer or his authorised manager on the recommendations. N Employer or authorised manager shall ASAP discuss the report or recommendations with SHO or Chairman. N SHO or Chairman shall record the decision of the employer or his authorised manager SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Investigating an accident • Employer or authorised manager shall direct any person employed to take such action…. . • Employer shall keep a copy of the report for a minimum period of SEVEN years. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Ø Formulate own meeting procedures and terms of references Ø Frequency of meetings: § § Depends on nature of risk at workplace At least once a month for high risk workplace Once in three month for other workplaces More frequent meetings during initial period of formation. Ø In the event of an accident or any other situations which calls for immediate attentions, meeting should be held immediately. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Ø Agenda and minutes : § Early notice in writing and circulation of agenda attached. § Only matters pertaining to Safety & Health to be discussed. § Minutes circulated soon, not later than two weeks after meeting SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Meeting Facilities : • EMPLOYER SHOULD : – Provide suitable meeting room at the place of work. – Permit member to attend meeting during working hours. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Ø Quorum § Half of total number of members Ø Non member may attend § May invite any person to discuss pertaining to OSH matters or related to any accident occurred in the plant. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Ø Safety and Health matters only § Strictly for Safety & Health matters in workplace. Ø Minutes § Copy of every meeting shall be furnished to every member and the employer within TWO WEEKS after the meeting. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Ø Minutes § Shall be kept at place of work for minimum period of SEVEN years. § The employer should furnished the DOSH with a copy of minutes if required. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

TRAINING & INFORMATION Ø Employer to ensure § Committee members have basic understanding and knowledge on the function of the committee. § Provide training to the committee member. § Availability of an adequate document & information for SHC • • Act & Legislation Code of Practices Technical Informations Operational Information etc SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

EMPLOYER SHOULD NOT : • Disclose any information which prejudicial to national security. would be • Disclosure of information which contravene with any law • Disclose individual matters unless consented to its disclosure • Provide any information other than for Safety & Health or welfare at work. • Any information obtained by the employer for legal matters. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

PENALTY Any person who contravene any of the provision of these regulation shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to a fine not exceeding FIVE THOUSAND RINGGIT or imprisonment for a term not exceeding SIX MONTHS or to BOTH SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

STRUCTURE OF COMMITEE Ø Joint management-worker workplace committee at Ø Company may form other committee to supplement work of joint committee such as : § Management committee to oversee work of joint committee or subcommittee (permanent or adhoc) § Must have clear communication channel between joint committee and other committee. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

IN SUMMARY ENSURING EFFECTIVE COMMITEE • Basic knowledge and interest of members • On going training and education of members • Availability of relevant information to members • Regularity and frequency of meetings • Fast decision making and follow-up action • Wide publicity of committee activities • Recognition of members • Leadership of chairman • Stick to safety and health only SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

TOPIC 3. 3 ROLES OF THE MANAGEMENT

• There a number of strategies that can be used by organizations to ensure a healthy and safe workplace and ensure compliance with legal requirements. • For Example : Design Safe and healthy systems of work Exhibit Strong management commitment Inspect Workplace for health and safety problems Establish Procedures and controls for dealing with health and safety issues Develop Training programs Set up Health and safety committees Monitor Safety policies Draw up Action plan and checklist SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Policy This is a statement of the principles governing decisionmaking. They can only be changed by the Management and are mandatory. Procedure Describes the functional steps used to implement policies. Examples are those used by Safety & Health to promote adherence to management policy and are mandatory. Guidelines Describe specific aspects of working to the requirements of procedures where extended explanation is required and provided by Safety and Health. They contain recommended methods and statements with the objective of achieving certain standards or outcomes. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Safety Handbook s and Manuals These documents can provide both procedural instructions and guidance on a specific subject. They are intended to describe a generic approach (e. g. Contractor Safety Handbook) and may describe activities which are routinely carried out as part of the normal functioning of the area (e. g. Laboratory or Workshop manuals). This is a summary of the appropriate Safety and Health Safety Managem policies, procedures and guidelines which govern all aspects of task planning. It provides a framework within ent which tasks or activities can occur. Job Safety The area supervisor ensures that all task planning accords with a Safety Management Plan detailing applicable Safety and Health Policies, Procedures and Guidelines (including Handbooks and Manuals). SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

Enforcement the safety procedure • The action plan must be implemented in a way that is compatible with professional rules and practices as well as with existing procedures. Follow-up the safety management system • The effectiveness of the system implemented must be checked and follow-up, and if a new risk or hazard factor is identified there must be a response. Audits must be systematically carried out and analysed in order to select corrective actions. SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

TOPIC 3. 4 SAFETY & HEALTH TRAINING

DO WE NEED A SAFETY & HEALTH TRAINING ? S! YE RSE. . COU F O **Companies are legally responsible for providing the safety training mandated for their industry by OSHA. ** SAFETY & HEALTH T R A I N G

WHY SAFETY TRAINING IMPORTANT ? • Safety training is the key element in the prevention of work-related injuries, illnesses and death. • When properly trained on safety procedures, employees will – understand the importance of workplace safety, – know how prevent an incident in the workplace by following workplace safety procedures, – learn how to respond quickly if presented with a dangerous situation. SAFETY & HEALTH TRA IN IN G

Ø Different work environments require different types and levels of safety training. Ø For example : § eye safety and heat stress training is pertinent to construction and other outdoor workers, § first aid training is important for all work environments. § Other types of safety training courses include workplace violence, respiratory protection, safety awareness, electrical safety and etc. SAFETY & HEALTH T R A I N G

• • • • • • Back Safety Bloodborne Pathogens Construction Safety Crane Safety DOT & Trucking Driving Safety Electrical Safety Emergency Planning EPA Ergonomics Eye Safety Fall Protection Fire Extinguisher Use Fire Prevention First Aid Food Service Safety Forklift Safety Hand & Finger Safety Hand & Power Tools Haz. Com Haz. Mat • • • • • • HAZWOPER Healthcare Hearing Protection Heat Stress Hotels / Hospitality Housekeeping Industrial Safety Kitchen Safety Laboratory Safety Ladder Safety Lead Safety Lockout / Tagout Machine Guarding Maintenance Safety MSDS Office Safety Off The Job Safety PPE Recordkeeping Respiratory Safety Retail Safety SAFETY & HEALTH • • • • Safety Awareness Safety Orientation Scaffolding Safety School & School Bus Safety Shop Safety Solid Waste Specific Chemicals & Gases Supervisor Safety Trenching & Shoring Utilities & Public Works Warehouse Safety Welding Safety Workplace Violence Workzone Safety T R A I N G

Any question…. . ? ? Prepared By : ERBZ