Thursday 1 9 n List 5 words on NB

Thursday 1/9 n List 5 words on NB paper that YOU would use to describe life without government (also known as ‘State of Nature’)

WARM-UP Day 5: n n How does this cartoon illustrate the ideas of Hobbes on the nature of man? Also – pick up two more notes pages

Origin of the state n Evolutionary Theory n State developed out of the early family

Origin of the state n Divine Right Theory n Royals are put in power by God

Origin of the state n Force Theory n A person or small group force others to submit

Origin of the state n Social Contract Theory n Free people volunteered to create a state & gave state power to protect everyone’s wellbeing

4 Characteristics of the state 1. Population may or may not be homogeneous US is 3 rd in population after China & India

4 Characteristics of the state 2. Territory n n n Vatican City is just over 100 acres Russia is 6. 6 mil square miles US is 3. 7 mil

4 Characteristics of the state 3. Government = has a way of making and enforcing public policy (law) 4. Sovereign = has supreme and absolute power within its own territory n USA is sovereign, not Georgia (no States are)

Thomas Hobbes n n 1588 -1679 Wrote Leviathan Authoritarian (strict govt) social contract Life without govt is not worth living

John Locke n n n 1632 -1704 Wrote Second Treatise on Government Right to “life, liberty, and property” Social contract Tabula rosa (blank slate) Huge influence on Jefferson and the American Revolution

Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu n n n 1689 -1755 Political thinker Wrote The Spirit of Laws In a democratic republic (where people vote for political representation) the motivation must be to put the state ahead of yourself Idea of Separation of Powers

Magna Carta n n Signed in 1215 by King John of England He (and future kings) give some rights and liberties to all free men n Habeas corpus n Right to see a judge and hear charges against you n Rule of law n Leaders must also follow the rules

The Petition of Right n n n 1628 Led to English Civil War Created by Parliament (English legislative branch) n n Failure to uphold Magna Carta Use of martial law Taxing without consent of Parliament Arbitrary (w/o reason) imprisonment

English Bill of Rights n n 1689 Created by Parliament n n n No cruel & unusual punishment Free to petition the monarch Free elections Free speech in Parliament Free to have arms for defense

Warm-UP: FIRST WORD n n n On NB paper, write the word vertically and provide a word or short statement for each letter that describes it. Governor is the executive for States Oligarchy is rule by a few Valuable – keep order Executive branch Reliable Neutral Money Economy New technology Taxes

Unitary n n Centralized government All power belongs to a central agency that creates local units n n Most of the world’s govts Great Britain (Parliament)

Federal n Govt with a geographical division of power between one central govt and several local govts n n USA Mexico

Confederal n n An alliance of independent states Central govt only has power the states give it (defense & trade) n n n European Union (EU) US under Articles of Confederation Confederate States of America

Democracy n n Supreme political authority rests with the people “government of the people, by the people, for the people” – Abraham Lincoln

Oligarchy n The power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite n n 20 th century South Africa under apartheid Post-Communist Russia

Autocracy n A single person holds unlimited political power n n Emperor of Japan Hitler’s Nazi Germany

Make a note… n n Oligarchy and autocracy fall under the category of DICTATORSHIP = rulers are not responsible to the people Oldest and most common form of govt in history

Presidential v Parliamentary Draw this

Presidential n Executive and legislative branches are separate, independent, and coequal n USA (invented this type)

Parliamentary n n n Executive (called Prime Minister) is the leader of the majority party in the legislative branch Most govts in the world are this type (including Great Britain) Can be forced to resign at any time with a ‘vote of no confidence’

American Government

The Constitution n Rule of Law n n Everyone, even those that make rules, must follow them. popular sovereignty. Literally means “authority of the people. ” n Power is derived from the consent of the governed n n Federalism n shared power between the national govt and regional govts.

Checks & Balances

SEPARATION OF POWERS Legislative: making laws n Executive: enforcing laws n Judicial: interpreting laws n n The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many…may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny n The Federalist No. 47 (James Madison)

American Government

The Constitution n Outlines how the government will be run. n Provides popular sovereignty. n n “authority of the people. ” Federalism shares power between the State and federal government.

Legislative Executive Judicial Write Laws Enforce Laws Judge Laws “Legal or Illegal” Congress Headed by: Senate House of Reps. President Headed by: Sup. Ct. 2 per state – “Equal Representation” – Small State Plan or the New Jersey Plan # depends on population – Big State Plan or the Virginia Plan

Summary n What kind of government would we have without the influence of these people & documents

Quiz

Word Bank A. B. C. D. E. Presidential Oligarchy Territory Parliamentary Sovereign F. G. H. I. J. Democracy Government Autocracy Population Social Contract Theory

1. What are the 4 characteristics of a state? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. What origin of the state theory does the United States operate under? Under what government does supreme political authority rest with the people? Under what government is the power to rule held by a small, usually selfappointed elite?

8. 9. 10. Under what government does a single person hold unlimited political power? Under what government are the executive and legislative branches separate, independent, and coequal? Under what government are the prime minister and cabinet all members of the majority party in the legislative branch?

Closing: 3 -2 -1 (on your focus page) n n n 3 terms/concepts: I’m good with these n n n 2 terms/concepts: these are iffy n n 1 term/concept: I don’t get it, help n n n Unitary n Popular Federal Sovereignty Confederal n Rule of Law Autocracy n Separation of Oligarchy Powers Democracy n Checks & Presidential Balances Parliamentary n Federalism Magna Carta Petition of Rights English Bill of Rights Hobbes Locke Montesquieu

“I pledge allegiance to my flag and the republic for which it stands: one nation indivisible with liberty and justice for all. ” 1. What is the purpose of the pledge of allegiance? 2. What are some words that stand out to you and why? 3. This is the original pledge, what has been added since this pledge? 4. Why do you think how we pledge the flag has changed since this picture?

Independence from Britain Baby, this isn’t working out

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE n n Primarily the work of Thomas Jefferson Says King George III violated the social contract List of grievances against the King guarantees equality, “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”

Based on the social contract you should listen to our complaints! King George III I can’t hear you way over there in the colonies!

Speed up Old. Timer, we have independence to declare

COMMON THEMES n n People agree w/one another to create a state Gov’t is instituted to secure rights of governed Limited govt = each person has individual rights the govt cannot take away Popular sovereignty = Powers are derived from the consent of the governed

The Declaration of Independence n Review Sheet #49 – What is NOT a common theme between the DOI and the Social Contract Theory n The Declaration of Independence specifically mentions that the government was broken and the King was a tyrant.

n QUIZ TIME! n Any questions before we start?

Warm-Up: DAY 8 Anticipation Guide Copy the statements and label True or False n States have the Expressed power to raise an army and coin money. n The power to conduct elections is Reserved for States only, not the national govt. n Implied powers are clearly listed in the constitution

Warm-Up: DAY 8 Anticipation Guide Copy the statements and label True or False n States have the power to raise an army and coin money. n The power to conduct elections is for States only, not the national govt. n Implied powers are clearly listed in the constitution

FEDERALISM n n The Constitution sets up the federal system by specifically granting/denying powers to the national government and State governments Get into your groups and work on one section of the Powers Guided Reading n Then you will share your answers with the class

1 st GROUP A GROUP B GROUP C GROUP D Kameisha Josh Jordan Briaunna Farrell Michael De. Marcus Anna Brooke Kendra Mary Garrett Kane Leive Ranon Sandy Courtney Amber Nathaniel Ladesha

2 nd GROUP A GROUP B GROUP C GROUP D GROUP E Israel H Brett W Alex B Dalton P Stephen W Austin A Jo B Tim A Amanda P Taylor E Alyssa P Hannah R Christian B Johanna Y Ashley W Laura W Michaela B Caitlin M Marissa S Jamie A Tay S Michael T Jeremy H Ken L Terez G Veronica Nick N Emily B Stephanie C Ikerra C

5 th GROUP A GROUP B GROUP C GROUP D GROUP E Chas S Quende G De. Eric B Keronte D Brandon M Jake M Jacob B Austin E Tiffany W Anthony X Alex G Tyler W Alex W Alyssa W Sami K Shelby M Jessica C Kimberly G Whitney W Hollie L Ashton M K-Ci W Makayla G Jayla W Sekedra W Kimberly P Katlyn H Sam H Greer P

7 th GROUP A GROUP B GROUP C GROUP D GROUP E Marquis A Jeremy I De. Vonte T Kyle D David C Wesley G Ben A Shi S Katrina C Latara G Dolena J Ambria S Alana S Kristen W Sierra L Haley D Katie W Jessi F Shakinah W

Jan 21 Day 9 CLOZE: Copy & fill in blanks The federal system provides a division of _____ between the two levels of _____ in America. Powers that are reserved for the _____ include marriage and business licenses. _____ powers like declaring war and coining _____ are exclusive to the national government. The power to ____ is both expressed (for the federal government) and _____ since States may do so as well.

CLOZE: The federal system provides a division of powers between the two levels of government in America. Powers that are reserved for the States include marriage and business licenses. Expressed powers like declaring war and coining money are exclusive to the national government. The power to tax is both expressed (for the federal government) and concurrent since States may do so as well.

n Finish the Division of Powers Guided Reading from last week

Drag the Text Box to Match the Level of Government with the Action/Authority LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT Federal Constitution GOVERNMENT ACTION/AUTHORITY 2 ND Amendment Federal executive branch Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Federal Judicial branch District of Columbia v Heller (2008) federal legislative branch (laws & taxes) Firearms Legislation / Ammunition Tax State legislative branch State executive branch State judicial branch Places/ways you can carry a weapon in GA Georgia Bureau of Investigation (GBI) GA Courts approve ban of guns at church

Closing: Synetics n How is the Constitution like… n n The frame of a house (2 x 4 s & plywood) A skeleton DO YOU GET ANYTHING FROM THE SOCIAL CONTRACT THIS WEEK?

What is civil disobedience? Who is breaking the law?

Jan 22 Warm Up Day 10 (p 760) Read the preamble to the US Constitution n List the 6 purposes of the American system of government as described in the preamble to the Constitution. n Give 1 example for each of the 6 n In your opinion, which, if any, of the 6 purposes could be used as a justification for a ban on assault weapons?

Discussions / Opinions n n n Today you will have the chance to give your opinions all at the same time Do this without being loud or disruptive If you want to comment, please raise your hand – I want to hear what you think!

Your Interpretation of the Bill of Rights n n n Read each statement / question Position yourself between the YES and NO signs The closer to the sign – the stronger your feelings

How should this court case be decided in your country? n n 3 students - ages 14, 16, 17 – wear black armbands to school to protest a decision made by your government. They are suspended from school because they refuse to remove the armbands. Should this be protected speech?

How should this court case be decided in your country? At 14, put on probation for burglary n At 16, arrested and charged with 3 home burglaries, 3 robberies, 2 counts of rape 1. Hold trial in Juvenile court n

n At 14, put on probation for burglary At 16, arrested and charged with 3 home burglaries, 3 robberies, 2 counts of rape n Should Life in Prison be an option? n

n At 14, put on probation for burglary At 16, arrested and charged with 3 home burglaries, 3 robberies, 2 counts of rape n Should Death Penalty be an option? n

Is This Cruel & Unusual? n n n Ohio tried a new combination of lethalinjection drugs Took 25 minutes between injection and being pronounced dead “air hunger” may have been the cause

In Your Country… n Rep. Greg Morris, R-Vidalia, chairman of the House Banks and Banking Committee, has prepared House Bill 772, which would require all food stamp applicants to take and pass a drug test to receive assistance.

In Your Country… 1. 2. Test, but only those who have been convicted of a drug related offense? Keep doing it, even if after 1 year it actually costs more money than the old way of not drug testing anyone?

In Your Country… n n Would this be a crime? Misrepresenting yourself online, but for no financial gain If so, what would be the punishment?

How does this ballot demonstrate a Reserved Power?

What counts as a vote?

Closing n Complete all review sheet questions I’ll return Quiz 1 n QUIZ 2 FRIDAY OVER POWERS n

Jan 23 Warm Up Day 11 Copy the Word Bank A. B. C. D. E. Bill of Rights Federalism Expressed Powers Exclusive Powers Reserved Powers F. G. H. I. J. Implied Powers Concurrent Powers Delegated Powers Inherent Powers Executive Action

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The division of power between a central govt and several regional govts? Powers granted to the national government in the constitution. These powers are stated specifically in the Constitution. Powers hinted at in the Constitution or based on other clearly stated powers. Powers that national governments have possessed in the past and must possess to be a sovereign nation.

6. Rights that are not granted to the national government or denied to the State governments. 7. Powers that are given to the national government and denied to the states. 8. Powers shared by the national and state governments. 9. First 10 amendments of the Constitution. 10. Says the president can use military without declaring war and make treaties and executive agreements.

DIVISION OF POWERS n Place the specific power listed on your post-it note in the correct area

Closing n Powers that are spelled out in the Constitution for the National Government are EXPRESSED

Closing n The power to build an interstate highway system is IMPLIED

Closing n The power to create public schools is INHERENT to the FEDERAL GOVT

Closing n n The power to create public schools is INHERENT to the FEDERAL GOVT Reserved for the States

Closing n The power to regulate immigration and deport aliens is INHERENT to the national government

Closing n The power to regulate interstate commerce is EXPRESSED in the Constitution AND EXCLUSIVE to the national government

Closing n The power to define crimes and punishments is IMPLIED

Closing n n The power to define crimes and punishments is IMPLIED Concurrent

Closing n Examples of powers that are RESERVED for State governments include n n COIN MONEY DECLARE WAR

Closing n n Examples of powers that are RESERVED for State expressed for the national government include n n COIN MONEY DECLARE WAR

n examples of powers denied the National Government are n n CREATE PUBLIC SCHOOLS GRANT MARRIAGE LICENSES

n Those powers of the National Government that are SUGGESTED by the expressed powers of the Constitution are known as INHERENT POWERS

n Those powers of the National Government that are SUGGESTED by the expressed powers of the Constitution are known as INHERENT implied POWERS

Jan 24 Warm Up Day 12 READ & WRITE A COMMENT n n n FORT WORTH, Texas (AP) — A North Texas teen from an affluent family was sentenced to probation this week after he killed four pedestrians when he lost control of his speeding pickup truck while driving drunk. http: //www. usatoday. com/story/news/nation/2013/12/12/affluenza-dwi-duitexas/3999487/ http: //www. huffingtonpost. com/2013/12/12/affluenza-defense-probationfor-deadly-dwi_n_4430807. html

n The division of power between a central govt and several regional govts?

n n The division of power between a central govt and several regional govts? federalism

1. These powers are stated specifically in the Constitution.

1. 2. These powers are stated specifically in the Constitution. expressed

1. Powers hinted at in the Constitution.

1. 2. Powers hinted at or implied in the Constitution. implied

n Powers that national governments have possessed in the past.

n n Powers that national governments have possessed in the past. inherent

n Powers shared by the national and state governments.

n n Powers shared by the national and state governments. concurrent

n The power to tax & the power to define crimes and punishments is…

n n The power to tax & the power to define crimes and punishments is… concurrent

n The power to declare war is…

n The power to declare war is… n expressed

n The power to build an interstate highway system and negotiate labor relations is…

n n The power to build an interstate highway system and negotiate labor relations is… implied

n The power to grant business licenses and wedding licenses is…

n n The power to grant business licenses and wedding licenses is… Reserved (for the States)

Powers Where It Came From n Expressed n n n Clearly written in constitution Declare war, coin $$ Implied n Who Can Do It? Exclusive n n n Hinted at in the constitution Interstate highways/TV Concurrent n n Inherent n n Held by national governments in the past Immigration n National government only Declare war, coin $$ Both national & State Tax; crimes & punishments Reserved (for the States) n n Not given to national or denied to States Public schools; business licenses

QUIZ TIME n n n Unit 1 Quiz 2 – Powers Put away everything except something to write with OK to write on the quiz

n n Remember the first 10 US amendments? What would be your top 10 rights for citizens?

1/27 Day 13: Could you live under the Swiss Constitution? n Construction of minarets is prohibited n Still have religious freedom n Limit on the number of 2 nd homes n May declare insurance to be compulsory n Shall legislate against the misuse of weapons and their accessories and ammunition n issues an automatic rifle to every male when he becomes eligible for military service at age 20. Female volunteers are also armed

Limits on Guns n n n Private gun ownership is illegal in Singapore Japanese citizens can only get a shotgun after taking classes and passing written and marksmanship tests Luxembourg has a complete gun ban

Right to Internet? n n 1 MB Broadband access is a constitutional right in Finland France has made internet access a human right

Mytopia Bill of Rights

Mytopia Guide: Characteristics of a Country (aka state) n Geography/Climate (territory) n Population Density (population) n Sovereignty – YES n Government – answer the 3 questions

Mytopia Guide: Characteristics of a Country (aka state)

Mytopia Guide: Characteristics of a Country (aka state) n Participation Soft drinks are an example of oligopoly Character, not the motto

Presidential or Parliamentary What would the relationship be between the Executive and Legislative branches (if you are not a dictator and actually have a legislative branch)?

Mytopia Project n BILL OF RIGHTS What is important enough to be part of the FRAMEWORK of your country? n What RIGHTS do citizens have? n What is BANNED in your country? n Make sure there are no conflicts n n For example: you can’t say “free healthcare” and “no taxes”

Working on Mytopia project today 1. 2. 3. How many African-American starting quarterbacks have won the Super. Bowl? Who are they? What team?

Doug Williams Washington Super. Bowl XXII (1988)

Mytopia Template n Turn in your rough draft for a grade Complete Bill of Rights n Sketch of image n Answer 3 questions for type of government n Additional info n Motto n Flag n Quotes about your country n Corporate sponsors (got to get money somewhere) n

Closing: TOTD n 1. answer the following questions for your Mytopia project using only one term per question How is power distributed geographically? a) 2. Who is allowed to participate? a) 3. Unitary / federal / confederal Autocracy / oligarchy / democracy Relationship between executive & legislative branches (if legislative branch exists) ? a) Presidential / parliamentary / there is no leg. branch because my country is not a democracy

Fly Swat Unit 1 Constitution Popular Sovereignty Social Contract Federal Oligarchy Checks & Balances Expressed Democracy Government Executive Unitary Implied Parliamentary Inherent Autocracy Democracy Federalism Concurrent Judicial For the people, by the people Legislative Presidential Separation of Powers Reserved state Rule of Law

n Unused slides follow

W 1/11 n Study the diagram on p 68 then answer the question

Congress to President n n n Make laws Create agencies APPROPRIATE funds Override veto (2/3) Impeach Senate approves treaties & appointments

Legislative Branch n This branch is referred to as the “lawmaking” one. n n Known as Congress. Has 2 parts, the Senate and the House of Representatives. n Bicameral – means “ 2 house”

Judicial Branch n n n Supreme Court is meant to interpret the laws, and make sure they are fair. When a law is out of line with the Constitution, it is called “unconstitutional” and considered illegal. This is called judicial review. Judges are appointed by the executive branch.

Executive Branch n This branch is in charge of enforcing the laws. n n The executive branch must execute the laws. The head of the executive branch is the President of the USA.

Mmmmm, tastes like sweet, sweet American freedom.

CHECKS & BALANCES EQ: How is the Constitution a “living document” when it is hundreds of years old?

Checks and Balances n n Each branch of the government has a specific role. To insure that one branch does not become too powerful, each branch has “checks” on the others.

SEPARATION OF POWERS n In our system of gov’t, the basic powers are kept in separate branches of government (right) Legislative: making laws n (center) Executive: enforcing laws n (left) Judicial: interpreting laws n n The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many…may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny n The Federalist No. 47 (James Madison)

SEPARATION OF POWERS n n The 3 branches are not completely independent They are connected through a complex system called checks and balances = overlapping the powers of each branch to permit restraint on the other two

Checks and Balances in Action Not so fast I am Congress!! so strong, I can I’m going to pass any law! No veto that one can stop me now!! law!!

SEPARATION OF POWERS n n Because the system exists, head-to-head clashes are very rare The check & balance system makes compromise necessary

FEDERALISM n n n Federalism = the division of power between a central govt and several regional govts Colonists did not want another distant, powerful ruler like the king had been However, a strong central govt was needed to tie the States together

Division of Powers n n Delegated powers Reserved Powers Exclusive powers Concurrent powers

Delegated Powers n n Powers granted to the national government in the constitution. 3 types Expressed powers n Implied powers n Inherent powers n

Expressed Powers n n These powers are stated specifically in the Constitution. Ex – collect taxes, print money, regulated trade, declare war.

Implied Powers n n Powers hinted at or implied in the Constitution. Ex – build highways, build dams, declaring federal crimes.

Inherent Powers n n Powers that national governments have possessed in the past. Ex – regulate immigration, deport illegal aliens, acquire territory

Reserved Powers n n Rights that are not granted to the national government or denied to the state government. Ex – establish schools, enact land use laws, ban pornography, permit gambling.

Exclusive Powers n n Powers that are given to the national government and denied to the states. Ex – coin money, make treaties,

Concurrent Powers n n Powers shared by the national and state governments. Ex – collect taxes, define crimes and punishments.

Citizens’ Responsibility 1. VOTE! 2. Obey all laws 3. Well informed

Guided Reading n Notes p 11 n Use textbook p 88

Warm-Up: F 1/13 Frayer Model n n Copy the template off the board Complete the Frayer Model for the word INHERENT

Need for a New Government n n The government under the Articles of Confederation was weak. n It could not tax, enforce treaties or raise an army. Delegates met in Philadelphia at the Constitutional Convention to discuss making a new form of government.

Virginia Plan n n Wanted 3 branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Also wanted to base representation on population. n n The more people in a state, the more votes that state receives. Became known as the “Big State” Plan.

I will dominate with my massive numbers…no one will outvote me! This guy’s a real jerk, pushing us little guys around.

New Jersey Plan n States with small populations opposed the “Big State” plan. Smaller states wanted equal representation in legislation. This plan became known as the “Small State” plan.

This is Finally, allus ‘Big States’ so lame, the states have two around our weight can’t throw votes and contribute equally! No more bullying! when we are all equal!

Pick my State plan or I’ll bust your freakin’ skull, okay?

Connecticut Compromise n The convention agreed on having 2 legislative houses. n n n Legislative means “law making. ” The Senate – Represented all states equally. House of Reps. – Represented states based on population.

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3/5 Compromise n n n Northerners did not want Southerners to gain power in the House of Reps. by counting slaves as 1 person. Southerners knew they had to count the slaves to keep up with the North. To make both sides happy, the Convention agreed to count slaves as 3/5 th of a person.

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