The WRAP Tribal Renewables Report and The WRAP

The WRAP Tribal Renewables Report and The WRAP Tribal Efficiency Report Tom Acker Associate Professor Mechanical Engineering 1

Outline u NAU Team u Chronology of tribal reports u Tribal Renewables Report u Tribal Efficiency Report u The Next Steps 2

Oversight: WRAP AP 2 Forum Tribal Interests Working Group NAU Team: • Tom Acker, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering • Bill Auberle, Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering • Earl Duque, Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering • John Eastwood, Lecturer, Economics • William Jeffery, Environmental Attorney • David La. Roche, Program Director, Center for Sustainable Environments, also, U. S. EPA – Clean Air Act in Indian country • Virgil Masayesva, Director, Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals • Amanda Ormond, Principal, The Ormond Group • Dean Smith, Assoc Professor, Economics and Applied Indigenous Studies 3

The Tribal Reports: Chronology u Tribal Renewables Report – December 2000 Initiated – May 2001: Draft – April 2002: Final Draft (Under Review) u Tribal Efficiency Report – September 2001 Initiated – June 2002 Preliminary Draft – August 2002 Draft u ICF Modeling of Impacts – IPM, REMI; ICF visit November 2001 u Overall Summary Report – AP 2 State & Tribal: Tellus; July 2002 4

Tribal Renewables Report u Motivation for Renewable Energy (RE) development u Recommendations to tribal leaders u Resource for tribal staff u Wind, Solar, Geothermal, Biomass, Low-impact Hydro 5

Study Methodology u Assessment of Tribal Energy Issues – ITEP Assessment: 14 tribes – NAREEP Survey: 27 tribes u Extensive Literature Survey – Tribal economic development, energy, opportunities, barriers u Formulation of Potential Actions & Recommendations u Draft Report – Policy and program recommendations – Public review; 17 solicited reviews 6 Yurok Tribe, CA Off-grid PV installation

Important Findings u Lack of energy infrastructure – Organizational – Physical u Great interest in RE and Energy Efficiency (EE) u RE development Economic development u New electrification u Energy independence, tribal sovereignty u Cultural preservation u State Actions less applicable 7

RE Recommendations u Two Classifications of Recommendations - - 8 Options for Individual Tribal Implementation Options for Collaborative Implementation

Options for Individual Tribal Implementation u u u u 9 Develop a tribal energy policy Establish an energy authority Establish an independent tribal Economic Development Corporation Initiate energy training and education programs Expedite the permitting process for RE Develop a TIP that includes RE Develop RE resources to improve electric service and for economic development Navajo-Hopi Solar Photovoltaic

Options for Collaborative Implementation u u u u u Develop inter-tribal energy collaborations Create partnerships with independent power producers Require federal facilities on tribal lands use some RE Request funding of existing statutes Expand federal “Buy Indian” program Support federal RPS and tax credits Equivalent “tax credits” Tribal SO 2 emissions credits Explore state-tribal agreements 10

Report Content u WRAP/RHR Background u Baseline Information – What counts as RE – RE info in a TIP u Tribal Energy Issues and Perspectives – RE Projects on NA Lands – Tribal Energy Perspectives – Analysis of Tribal RE Development 11 u Potential and Recommended Actions u Appendices – RHR Fact Sheet – RE Systems and Resources – RE Resource Maps – Information Sources – WRAP Tribes

Opportunities for RE u Abundance of Wind – 60 reservations Class 5 ICF modeling highest penetration of RE is wind u Solar – most tribes with a developable resource u Biomass – majority of tribes with a developable resource u Geothermal – about 20 reservations with a resource u Resource Tables 12

The Tribal Efficiency Report u Motivation for Energy Efficiency (EE) u Recommendations to tribal leaders u Resource for tribal staff u EE – maximizing the efficient utilization of energy while minimizing the costs 13 Flathead Reservation, MT

Study Methodology u Build on Tribal RE research u EE literature survey u Case Studies: - Pasqua Yaqui in So. Arizona Yurok tribe in No. California Confederated Salish and Kootenai tribes in Montana u Formulation of Potential Actions & Recommendations u Draft Report 14 Ke’pel Headstart facility on the Yurok reservation Yurok Tribe, CA Off-grid PV installation

Important Findings u Lack of energy infrastructure – Needed to implement EE program u Great opportunity for EE – Numerous older buildings – Significant growth in electrical load expected can free significant financial resources for other uses u State EE measures many are applicable u EE 15

Recommendations u Three Classifications of Recommendations - Tribal Sponsored Programs - Collaborative Program Improvements in Tribal Energy Conservation - 16 Tribal Leadership Beyond Tribal Lands Mission Valley Power on the Flathead Reservation

Tribal Sponsored Programs u Adopt a Tribal Energy Plan u Establish a Tribal Energy Authority u Hire an Energy Manager u Adopt Energy Efficient Building Codes u Initiate education programs u Create a TIP that includes EE 17 NAU Students Tehachapi, CA

Recommendations - continued u Collaborative - Programs Inter-tribal collaborations Require federal facilities employ EE Participate in federal programs Weatherization Assistance Program Ø DOE Rebuild America Ø u Tribal - 18 Leadership Support Demand Side Management (DSM) progrmas Support national EE standards

Report Content u WRAP/RHR Background u Baseline Information – What is EE? – Benefits and economic analysis – Implementation of EE u Case Study Results u Potential EE programs u Recommended Actions u Appendices 19

Opportunity for EE 1997 data on energy consumption and expenditure for major energy sources in Indian households (EIA 2000) 20 u Easily obtainable: - 10% savings in electricity costs u Possibly obtainable: - 50% savings in electricity costs

The Next Steps… u Seek funding for tribal energy staff u Establish/develop tribal energy programs u RE and EE training programs u RE and EE Workshops and conferences with focus on tribal issues u Tribal participation in federal and state legislative or regulatory processes pertaining to RE and EE u Others… 21

Questions? From 2002 Wind Powering America Calendar Photo Credit: Lloyd Herziger, Enron Wind/PIX 10653 22 NREL Photo Library

NREL Resource Maps -Created for each WRAP State -Tribal Boundaries, Transmission Lines -Wind, Biomass, Solar PV, Concentrating Solar, Geothermal 23

Resource Tables New Mexico tribal lands and renewable energy resources - Developed from resource maps - One table for each state in the WRAP region 24

Specific EE Measures Sectors: residential, commercial/institutional, industrial, policy Developed from programs recommended for states. 25

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WRAP Region 27

WRAP Membership Tribal* State Federal Pueblo of Acoma Campo Band of Kumeyaay Indians Cortina Indian Rancheria Hopi Tribe Hualapai Nation of the Grand Canyon Nez Perce Tribe Northern Cheyenne Tribe Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes Pueblo of San Felipe Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of Fort Hall Alaska Arizona California Colorado Idaho Montana New Mexico North Dakota Oregon South Dakota Utah Washington Wyoming U. S. Dept. of Agriculture U. S. Dept. of Interior U. S. EPA * There are 237 Tribes in the WRAP region 28 Staffed by: Western Governor’s Association National Tribal Environmental Council